Abbas Modernus, Abbas Siculus (see Nicolaus de Tudeschis).
 
Abbas s. Miniati (see Lapus Tactus).
 
 
Aegidius (see Egidius)
 
 
Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini (see Pius II)
 
 
Agostino Micheli is attested as a teacher of (canon?) law at Padua in 1427 and also testified in various academic examinations between 1429 and 1446.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 345, 351.
 
 

Alanus Ultramontanus (see Albericus Metensis)
 
 
Albano Morosini (Maurocenus). In 1427 he held a lectura extraordinaria iuris canonici in diebus festis in Padua.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 339.
 
 
Albericus Metensis (also Alberico di Metz; de Metis; Metonensis; Ultramontanus; Albéric; etc.). He was born in Metz, probably around 1280. A. spent some time in Paris, but we do not know if he studied, taught law or simply lived there for a while. He was rector of the University of Orléans by 1315-1316, but in 1316 he moved to Nevers with other professors and students. A. was professor utriusque iuris and held a series of other ecclesiastical positions. In 1316 he was named a canon in Metz; some years later he became archdeacon, a position which he held until 1352. By 1323 A. was a papal chaplain and auditor. Around the same time he produced his only known legal work, an Apparatus on the Clementines, which was among the first works on this new collection (1317). In 1331 A. became a canon in Reims. He probably died in 1354.

TEXTS: Apparatus in Clementinas, MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Collegio di Spagna MS 222, fol. 1ra-46vb)

LITERATURE: Thomas Izbicki, `New notes on the late medieval jurists: III. Commentators on the Clementines according to Johannes Calderinus', BMCL 10 (1980) 62-65. Domenico Maffei, `Alberico di Metz e il suo Apparato sulle Clementine', BMCL 1 (1971) 43-56.
 
 
 
 

Alberico da Rosate (also de Rosciate). Born in Rosciate, near Bergamo, around 1290. He studied in Padua under Oldradus da Ponte and Riccardus Malumbra. He studied also under Ranieri di Forlì and received advice and help from Bartolo da Sassoferrato. In the second decade of 1300 he came back to Bergamo: there he practised - but never taught - law and was actively involved in the civil life of his city, particularly as reformer of the statutes (in 1331 and 1333) and as ambassador to the papal court in Avignon (in 1335, 1337-38 and 1340-41). He died in Bergamo in 1360.

TEXTS: 1. Commentarium super sextum librum Decretalium, Early Printed Edition: Recueil des traites des illustres iurisconsultes (Venice 1585).

2. Dictionarium iuris tam civilis quam canonici, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1481; Lyon 1521, 1548; Milan 1485?; Paris 1538;  Pavia 1498, 1513;   Venice 1535, 1555, 1573, 1581, 1583 (reprinted Turin 1971), 1601.

3. De regulis iuris, Early printed editions: Lyon 1543.

LITERATURE: G.L. Barni, `"Civis" e "civitas" nel "De statutis" di Alberico da Rosate', Studi in onore de Giuseppe Grosso, 5 vols. (Torino 1971-1972) IV.499-531. P. Calendini, `Albéric de Rosate', DHGE 1 (19 ) 1411-1412. D. Calvi, Rosciate e il suo Alberigo, (Bergamo 1940). G. Cremaschi, `Contributi alla biografia di Alberico da Rosciate', Bergomum 50 (1956) 3-102. Antonio Fiammazzo, Il commento Dantesco di Alberico da Rosciate, col premio e fine di quello del Bambaglioli:  Notizia dal codice Grumelli raffront. col. Laur. pl. XXVI, sin. 2 (Bergamo 1895).  E. Magnin, `Alberic de Rosate', DDC 1 (1937) 362. L. Prosdocimi, `Alberico da Rosate', DBI 1 (1960) 656-57; idem, `Alberico da Rosciate e la giurisprudenza italiana del secolo XIV', Bergomum 49 (1955) 1-7. Schulte, QL II 245-46. P. Weimar, 'Albericus de Rosate', LMA 1 (1980) 282-83.   My thanks for Mike Widener for extensive bibliographical information about Albericus' early printed editions.
 
  
 

Alberto Belli (de Bellis), a Perugian, studied the laws there and first appeared among the teachers in 1472. The following year, he moved to Pisa, to lecture on canon law, but stayed there only for a year. Since 1474 until his early death in 1482, he taught at Ferrara. Although Diplovatatius asserts that he also left other legal works `not to be despised', only a few civilian repetitiones are known to have survived.

LITERATURE: R. Abbondanza, `Belli, Alberto (Albertus de Bellis)', DBI 7 (1965) 645-47. M. Battistini, `Alberto Belli perugino, lettore nello Studio di Pisa', Bollet. d. Deputaz. di storia patria per l'Umbria 21 (1915) 551-53. T. Diplovatatius, De claris iurisconsultis, ed. F. Schulz, H. Kantorowicz, G. Rabotti, SG 10 (1968). Schulte, QL II 346.
   
 

Alberto Porcellini (also de Porcellinis, Porcelineo, Porcellinus). A Paduan, he taught canon law in his city from ca. 1439 to 1442.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 352.
 
 
Albertus de Brixia (Brescia) Mandugasinus (d. 1314), a Dominican, wrote a confessional manual in three books, which he based particularly on the works of Thomas Aquinas. He died sometime before 1319.

TEXTS: Summa de officio sacerdotis, MANUSCRIPTS: Autun, Bibl. munic. S.67, fol. 1ra-209va; S.68; Berlin, Staatsbibl. Theol. lat. oct.151; Bressanone (Brixen), Seminar 82; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 230; Florence, Laur. Ashb. 948, fol. 13-230v; Florence, BN D.9.1259; G.2.253; Gray, Bibl. Munic. 5; Modena, Bibl. Est. y.H.5,6; Munich, Clm 18407; Novacella 447, fol. 1-206v; Nürnberg, Stadtbibl. Cent. iii.80, fol. 1ra-82vb; Prague, Metrop. Kap. C.94; Prague, Narodni Mus. xvi.F.13; Rouen, Bibl. Munic. 601; Sevilla, Bibl. Colomb. 7-2-4; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 960; Vat. Barb. lat. 418; Vat. Barb. lat. 717; Vercelli, Bibl. Cap. 172; Vicenza, Bibl. Bert. 3.9.9; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 3763, fol. 1-249v; Wroclaw, Bibl. Uniw. i.Q.140, fol. 1-242v.

LITERATURE: J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientie)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 26 (1905) 303-7. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptorum ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 27-28. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 60. U. Mörschel, `Albertus von Brescia', LMA 1 (1980) 288. Schulte, QL II 424.
 
 
   

Albertus Ranconis de Ericinio, professor of theology at Paris and since 1355 rector of the University, wrote a treatise on confession and the offering of the eucharist by laymen.

TEXT: Tractatus de communione, MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Univ. knihovna I.F.9.

LITERATURE: J. F. v. Schulte, `Die canonistischen Handschriften der Bibliotheken .. in Prag', Abhandlungen der kgl. böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 6.2 (1868) 47. Schulte, QL II 432.
 
   
 

Albertus Trottus was born in Piacenza and taught canon law in Ferrara in 14th century. A number of his tracts survive.

TEXTS: 1. De uero et perfecto clerico libri duo, Early Printed Edition: Ferrara 1475 (Hain 588)

2. De ieiunio, Early Printed Edition: Nuremberg 1475 (Hain 589)

3. De ecclesiarum uisitatione, Early Printed Edition: Ferrara 1476 (Hain 590)

4. De horis canonicis, Early Printed Editions: Hain 591-602

LITERATURE: E.Magnin, `Albertus Trottus', DDC 1 (1935) 362-63. Schulte QL II 364.
 
 
 
 

Aldobrandinus de Medio Abate is mentioned in 1297 as `utriusque iuris doctor' in a dispute over diocesan rights between Treviso and Aquilea. As the document states further, he was professor at Padua.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 169 n.5.
 
 
 
 

Alejandrino (see Johannes de Sancto Georgio)
 
 
 
 

Alessandro Papafava, himself a Paduan, was certainly teaching the decretum in Padua in 1502, and perhaps even as early as in 1487.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 343.
 
 
 
 

Alexander VI, Pope (Roderigo da Borgia), born in Valencia, Archbishop of Valencia, Cardinal of Portus, Vice-Chancellor of the Roman Church, Pope 1492-1503.

TEXTS: 1. De cardinalium excellentia et officio uicecancellarii

2. Glossa in regulas cancellariae

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 407-08.
 
 
 
 

Alexander de Antella (de Ancilla, Antillo, Avalla) is known to have taught at Padua in 1328. He died in 1355.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitio de rerum permutatione (VI 3.10.1) MANUSCRIPT: Halle, Universitätsbibl. Ye fol. 79.

2. Rep. de rescriptis (in VI I 3.12)

LITERATURE: Schulte QL II 232.
 
 
 
 

Alexander Ariosti, a Ferrarese Franciscan (fl. ca.1450), is the presumed author of a treatise on usury.

TEXTS: 1. Libellus de usuris, Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1486 (Hain 1653)

2. Enchiridion seu interrogatorium confessorum, Early Printed Editions: Pavia 1513; Venice 1517, 1522; Paris 1514, 1520; Lyons 1523, 1528, 1540; Bologna 1576, Brescia 1579.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 448. J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores ordinis minorumI (Rome 1908) 13-14.
 
 
 
 

Alexander de Nevo (ca. 1419-1485). Originally from Vicenza, Alexander studied probably in Padua. After receiving his degree he taught privatly in Vicenza. In 1456 he began to teach in Padua until 1484, when he went back to his hometown. There he died in 1485. He was also iudex apostolicus, author of numerous consilia and editor of canonistic works, including Gratian's Decretum, which he had printed in Venice in 1474, under the title Decreti Gratiani cum Bartholomei Brixiensis glossa editio. A. also published (ca. 1480) the Tractatus de legitimatione emendatior of Antonii Roselli (d.1466).

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Of cases involving marriage in Consiliorum matrimonialium diligentia I. B. Ziletti collectorum (Venice 1572) I.28-29, 37-39. MANUSCRIPTS: Leiden, Bibl. der Rijksuniversiteit, d'Ablaing 33; Padua, Bibl. Universitaria 1268; Perugia, San Pietro, CM 57; Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 450; Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 485, vol. IV-V; Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, lat. V 2 [2324].

2. Consilia contra Judaeos foenerantes, Early Printed Editions: List provided by A. Belloni (1986) 109.

3. Super secundam partem libri I Decretalium, MAUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 5581; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 5013

4. Commentarium in IV librum decretalium, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1473

5. Commentaria in I-V Decretalium libros, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1585

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 107-110. R. Naz, `Nevo (Alexandre de)', DDC 6 (1957) 999. Schulte II 330-31.
 
 
 
 

Alexander Tartagnus (b. 1423/24 in Imola, d. 1477 in Bologna). He studied in Bologna under Johannes de Imola, Johannes de Anania, Angelus Aretinus and Paulus de Castro; there he obtained his doctorate in Civil Law in 1445. He began his activity as a professor of law around 1450, taught, perhaps, in Pavia (1449-50) and, certainly, in Ferrara (1457-58, 1460-61), Padua (maybe in 1459 and, without any doubt, from 1467 to 1470) and Bologna (1461-67 and 1470-77). As his literary production indicates, his interests were chiefly in matters of civil law, although A. also wrote a few comments on Liber Extra. He died there in 1477. Among his students we can find Jason, Bartholus Socinus, Bologninus and Lancellottus Decius.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura supra III librum (Decretalium), Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1485 (Hain 15331)

2. Lectura in rubrica De fide (X. 1.1), Early Printed Edition: Cum additionibus Andreae Barbatiae(Milan 1490; Hain 15330)

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Listed by A. Belloni (1986) 117; Tartagni's consilia on cases involving marriage were often printed separately: Frankfurt 1575, 1610; Venice 1578, 1584, 1586, 1590, 1597, 1610; Lyons 1585, MANUSCRIPTS: Camerino, Bibl. Valentiniana 28 (1477, 2 vols.); Naples, Bib. Naz. VII.D.77; Paris, B.N. lat. 4724 (1540).

LITERATURE: M. Ascheri, Saggi sul Diplovatazio (Milan 1971) 74-99. A. Belloni, Professori giuristi, 110-18. H. Lange, `Das kanonische Zinsverbot in den Consilien des Alexander Tartagnus', Recht und Wirtschaft in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Festschrift für Johannes Bärmann zum 70. Geburtstag (Munich 1975) 99-112. E.Magnin, `Alexandre Tartagnus', DDC 1 (1935) 364. A. Sabbatani, De vita et operibus Alexandri Tartagni de Imola (Milano 1972). Schulte QL II 328-29. P. Weimar, `Alexander de Tartagnis', LMA 1 (1980) 380.
 
 
 
 

Alfonso de Cartagena, a converted Jew who became bishop of Burgos (1435-56), wrote several treatises dealing with conciliarism, which attest to his canonistic training. There also survives from his pen a compilation of papal decretals.

TEXT: Compilatio extravagantium

LITERATURE: B. Alonso Rodriguez, `Cartagena, Alfonso de', DHEE 1 (1972) 366-67. A. García y García, `Notas sobre la canonistica iberica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 160; idem, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 419; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 229, 239.
 
 
 
 

Alfonso de Madrigal (El Tostado), born ca. 1410, was professor of theology at Salamanca. He participated at the council of Basel, composing various treatises expounding conciliarist arguments. A prolific writer, he also produced confessional works in Catalan. A. died as bishop of Avila in 1455.

TEXTS: 1. Confessional, EDITIONS: Salamanca 1498, 1499, 1512; Burgos 1500; Valladolid 1503; Alcalá 1516; Sevilla 1518, 1521; Toledo 1526; Logroño 1529; Medina del Campo 1544, 1545.

2. Breve forma de confesion, Early printed editions; Mondoñedo 1495, MANUSCRIPTS: Madrid, B.N. lat. 4183, fol. 1r-64v, lat. 4202, fol. 102ra-30rb; Salamanca, Univer. 1576, fol. 1r-32v.

3. De indulgentiis EDITION: J. Blaázques, `El "Tractatus absolutionis indulgentiarum" del Tostado', Miscelánea José Zunzunegui 1: Estudios Históricos (Vitoria 1975) 183-201.

4. De muliere Saracena transeunte ad ritum Iudaicum, MANUSCRIPT: Salamanca, Univer. 70, fol. 86ra-111va. The XIV conclusiones contra clericos concubinarios, which were edited, along with a gloss, in Alfonso Tostado's Opera omnia 20 (Venice 1529) = Opera omnia 12 (Cologne 1613) 58-71, are in fact the work of Martín de Galos, bishop of Coria (1420-36), and Antonio Rodríguez de Segovia.

LITERATURE: J. Blázquez, `El Tostado alumno graduado y profesor de la Universidad de Salamanca', Revista Española de Teologia 32 (1972) 47-54. A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 420, 2 (1971) 185, 5 (1976) 352-56; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 244; idem, `Notas sobre la canonistica iberica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 167-68. P. Silvano, Alfonso Tostado. Vita ed opere (Rome 1952).
 
 
 
 

Alfonso Díaz de Montalvo published a repertorium on the works of Nicolaus de Tudeschis (Panormitanus).

TEXT: Reperetorium operum Panormitani

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 246-47; idem, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano (II)', Repertorio de Historia de las Ciencias eclesiasticas en España 2 (Salamanca 1972) 183-85.
 
 
 
 

Alphonsus de Soto (late 15th c.), a native of Ciudad Rodrigo (Spain), spent much of his life as an advocate at the papal Curia. From his works there has survived a commentary on the rules Pope Innocent VIII had provided for the papal chancery.

TEXT: Commentarius in regulas cancellariae Innocentii VIII papae

Early Printed Edition: s.l., s.a. (Hain 870); EDITION: ed. J. Chockier (Rome) 1621.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 420. P. Richard, `Alphonse de Soto', DHGE 2 (1914) 756. Schulte, QL II 364.
 
 
 
 

Alfonso de Vargas, bishop of Cartagena (1349-61),and Avila (1361-72) and Cordoba (1372-78), appears as the author of a compilation of extravagantes (ca. 1349-61), which was based partly on texts from the extravagantes communes (glossed), partly on later decretals (unglossed).

TEXT: Compilatio constituionum seu extravagantium, MANUSCRIPT: Toledo, Bibl. del Cab. 8-1, fol. 1ra-318vb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 239.
 
 
 
 

Altigradus de Cupraneis (see Altigradus de Lendinaria).
 
 
 
 

Altigradus de Lendinaria (or Aldegrito), held lectures on the Decretum in Bologna in 1289, and transferred to Padua in the following year. There he stayed until 1297, when he went to serve at the Roman curia. In 1304, he recveived the bishopric of Vicenza, but was expelled from the city seven years later. He died at Padua in 1314.

TEXTS: Questiones (dated 1289-90), MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 43 [P.II.23]; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 168-69.
 
 
 
 

Alvarotto Alvarotti (d. 1518) was a Paduan. In 1498, he was named ad ius pontificium publice interpretandum; A. was also abbreviator apostolicus in Rome, canonicus of the cathedral of Padua and of the basilica of S. Peter in Rome.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 356.
 
 
 
 

Alvarus Pelagius, better known for his accomplishments as a theological writer and papal polemicist, had according to his own assertions studied canon law at Bologna under Guido de Baysio (fl. 1300). Guido in turn referred to him once as decretorum doctor. He began teaching at Bologna in the first years of the thirteenth century and participated in several disputations, as Johannes Andreae remarked in his Novelle on Liber extra and the Sextus. None of these Questiones, however, have been found. However, there may survive a treatise of his on sacrilege. In 1304, Alvaro renounced his benefices and entered the spiritual wing of the Franciscans. As a staunch defender of the papacy against Louis of Bavaria, he became a close advisor of Pope John XXII. In 1333, received the bishopric of Silves in his native Portugal. He died in 1349.

TEXT: Tractatus de sacrilegio (authorship uncertain), MANUSCRIPTS: Escorial, MS e.I.5, fols.103va-104ra; Segovia, Bibl. del Cab. Vitr. 19 n.11, fol. 62va-63vb.

LITERATURE: A. Domingues de Sousa Costa, Estudos sobre Alvaro Pais (Lisbon 1966). A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 420, 2 (1971) 185; idem, Estudios sobre la canonística portuguesa medieval (Madrid 1976) 133-38. N. Jung, Un franciscain théologien du pouvoir pontifical Alvarus Pelagius (1931). J. Miethke, QFIAB 54 (1974) 510. H.Roßmann, `Alvarus Pelagius', LMA 1 (1980) 497-98. A. D. de Sousa Costa, Estudos sobre Alvaro Pais (Lisbon 1966). J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores ordinis minorum I (Rome 1908) 31-32. Schulte, QL II 202. B.Tierney, Origins of Papal infallibility (Leyden 1972).
 
 
 
 

Alvise da Ponte. A Paduan, he was teaching on the decretales in his city perhaps in 1500. From 1498 to 1506 (?) A. was further teaching civil law. The first mention of him as iuris utriusque doctor occurred in 1505.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 321, 340, 343.
 
 
 
 

Ambrosius von Heiligenkreuz, doctor decretorum, presided over a commission which Bishop Wernhard of Passau had assembled to ascertain the veracity of the so-called miracle of Korneuburg (1305). Ambrosius responded by writing a treatise on the procedural aspects of such an investigation.

TEXT: Tractatus

LITERATURE: A. Lhotsky, Quellenkunde zur mittelalterlichen Geschichte Österreichs (Vienna - Cologne - Graz 1963) 275-76.
 
 
 
 

Ambrosius de Vignate, professor at Torino, wrote treatises on usury and on heresy.

TEXTS:1. De usuris, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) VII.50.

2. De haeresi, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XI

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 451-52.
 
 
 
 

Andrea de' Guatari Benzi was born at Siena in 1410 and studied the laws at Bologna, receiving the doctorate in 1430. After serving as podestà at Mantua (1439), he began to teach law, first at Bologna (since 1443). He lectured on canon law there, 1444-46, and then transferred to Florence (1447-50), Ferrara (1450-58) and again Bologna (1459-61). In 1461, Pope Pius II appointed him curial advocate. He died in 1471. His surving lecture materials, largely unstudied, seem to bear on civil law only.

LITERATURE: P. Craveri, `Benzi, Andrea (de` Guatari)', DBI 8 (1966) 712-14.
 
 
 
 

Andrea di Ser Matteo da Prato is mentioned as a `doctor utriusque iuris', judge and professor in an enactment, dated 1350, that bestowed upon him the Florentine citizenship.

LITERATURE: J. Kirshner, `Messer Francesco di Bici degli Albergotti d' Arezzo, citizen of Florence (1350-76)', BMCL 2 (1972) 85-86, 89-90.
 
 
 
 

Andrea Trevisan (Trevisanus), a Venetian by origin, lectured briefly on the Decretum during the absence of Domenico Can, the ordinary holder of the professorial chair at the University of Padua (ca. 1480).

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 329
 
 
 
 

Andreas Barbatius (also Andreas Siculus, Andrea Barbazza, Andreas Bartholomaei de Sicilia, etc.) was born in Messina between 1400 and 1410. Around 1430, he went to Bologna where he began to study medicine and, later, law. Johannes de Imola, Baptista de Sancto Pedro and, perhaps, Giovanni di Anagni where his teachers. A. obtained his doctorate in canon law in 1439, but was already teaching by 1438. In 1445, Nicholas II of Ferrara called him to teach canon law there. He remained until 1446, when he returned to Bologna, which, by 1442, had granted him citizenship. A. thus became the head of a new Bolognese family of enduring fame. Its palace still survives today, facing Via Garibaldi. A. taught both civil and canon law at Bologna until 1478. Among Andreas's students were Antonio Corsetto (Corsetti), Rodrigo Borgia (later pope Alexander VI), Bartholomaeus Socinus, and Hippolytus de Marsiliis. Besides his work as teacher A. also participated in legal proceedings and wrote Consilia for his clients, among which we can number pope Paul II and King Ferdinand of Aragon. A. died at Bologna in 1479.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Milan 1489-90 (vols 1-2); Venice 1500 (vols.3-4), 1550, 1563, 1580, 1581; Lyons 1559, MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna Cod. H, Cod.74; Ferrara, Bibl. Comm. 550.

2. Lecturae sive repetitiones in titulos diversos

A. Tit. de constitutionibus et c. Cum M. Ferrariensis, Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1491 (Hain 2442), MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Duomo 188, B. tit. de offic. delegati, ordinarii, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1474, Pavia 1498 (Hain 2449-50), MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Duomo 272 C. tit. de judiciis, Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1496 (Hain 2444) D. tit. de foro competenti usque ad tit. de dilationibus, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1497, Bologna 1498 (Hain 2445-46) E. tit. de probationibus, Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1497 (Hain 2451) F. Testimonium, tit. de testibus, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1574 (Hain 2443) G. Tit. de fide instrumentorum

Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1474; Milan 1491, 1493 (Hain 2438-40)

H. tit. de rebus eccl. alien., Early Printed Editions: Naples 1476; Bologna 1488; Pavia 1497 (Hain 2435-37) I. tit. de testamentis, Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1490 (Hain 2447) K. Raynaldus, tit. de test. (or Johannina), Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1475; Pavia 1486 (Hain 2430-31)

3. Tractatus de praestantia cardinalium, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1487 (Hain 2428); Lyons 1518; also in Tractatus universi iuris XII.2 (Venice 1580)

4. Tractatus de Cardinalibus a latere legatis, Early Printed Editions: Lyons 1518; also in Tractatus universi iuris XIII. 2

5. Tractatus de praetensionibus, Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1497

6. Commentaria super I, II et III librum decretalium, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1508 1511, 1571.

7. Additiones ad Nicolai de Tudeschis Commentaria super decretalibus, Early Printed Edition: Along with Panormitanus's works, ed. in Commentaria super Clementinas (Paris 1517)

LITERATURE: A. Amanieu, `Andreas Siculus', DDC 1 (1935) 520-21. A. Besta, `Le fonti', Storia del diritto italiano 1.2, ed. P. del Giudice (Milan 1923-25) 892-94. F. Liotta, `Barbazza Andrea', DBI VI (1964) 146-48. F. Marletta, `Un episodio della vita di Andrea Barbazza', Archivio Storico Messinese 40-49 (1939-48) 23-34. G. Sabatini, `Un nuovo documento su Andrea Barbazza giurista bolognese', Studi e Memorie per la Storia dell'Università di Bologna 6 (1921) 33-35. Schulte QL II 306-311. A. Trombetti Budriesi, `Andrea Barbazza tra mondo bolognese e mezzogiorno d'Italia', Scuole, diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia, ed. M. Bellomo (Catania 1985) 1.287-324.
 
 
 
 

Andreas de Escobar, born at Lisbon in 1348, joined first the Dominicans, then (1399) the Augustinians, and finally became a Benedictine monk. In 1393, he obtained his doctorate in theology at Vienna and was later made proctor of the Duke of Austria at the papal curia, where he also served a papal penitentiary. He wrote several treatises on practical and pastoral matters such as confession and the payment of tithes. He further wrote a pamphlet concerning the agenda and organization of the Council of Basel, which he dedicated to the presiding Cardinal Giuliano Cesarini (1431). But towards the end of his very long life (d. 1448), he complained that he was never properly rewarded for his academic efforts. His income as bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo (since 1408), then Ajaccio (1422), and finally Megara (1428) was obviously low. His manuals on confession, however, eventually became a tremendous success.

TEXTS: 1. Lumen confessorum, Early Printed Editions: Hain 9251-58, MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Theol. 101 and Theol. 211; Breslau, Univ. II.F.88; Cambrai, Bibl. Munic. 272; Munich, Clm 3712; Cml 5966; Clm 7599; Clm 9760; Paris, Bibl. Maz. 1138; Prague, Univ. knihovna IX B.7, fol. 326-72, and V.G.13, fol. 62-142; Vatican City, Vat. Reg. lat. 442; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 4212; lat. 4463.

2. Confessio minor seu Modus confitendi, Early Printed Editions: Hain 997-1017, 11009-10, 11451-55; Deventer 1504, Strasbourg 1508, MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Theol. 101, Theol. 211, Theol. 214, Theol 225, Cambrai, Bibl. Munic. 261, Munich, Clm 672; Clm 5932; Clm 15185; Clm 17592; Clm 28384; Paris, B.N. lat. 1805; Strasbourg, Bibl. Munic. 126; Vatican City, Vat. Reg. lat. 431.

3. Confessio maior, MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. theol. lat. 412, fols. 150ra-76va; a Spanish version in Madrid, B.N. 4183, fol. 65r-71r.

4. De decimis, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris XV.2 (Venice 1584) fols.142v-147vb, MANUSCRIPTS: Melk, Stiftsbibl. 4; Göttweig, Stiftsbibl. 37; Paris, B.N. lat. 10745; Prague, Univ. knihovna I.C.15; Stuttgart, Landesbibl. vi.117, fols.1r-13v.

5. Canones penitentiales, EDITION: F. Wasserschleben, Die Bussordnungen der abendländischen Kirche (Hallle 1851 = Graz 1958) 688-705.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 420-21, 5 (1976) 356-59; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 233; idem. Estudios sobre la canonística portuguesa medieval (Madrid 1976) 139-42. A. De Sousa Costa, Mestre André Dias de Escobar, figura ecuménica do século XV (Rome - Porto 1967). P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuals de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 70-71. Schulte, QL II 439-41. A. D. de Sousa Costa, Mestre André Dias de Escobar, figura ecuménica do século XV (Roma - Porto 1967). R. Stapper, `Das "Lumen confessorum" des Andreas Didaci', Römische Quartalsschrift fúr christliche Altertumskunde und Kirchengeschichte 11 (1897) 271-85.
 
 
 
 

Andreas Lipiavicz (15th c.) was the author of a procedural manual that, according to the title, was conformed to the rules applied at the secular and ecclesiastical courts of Poland.

TEXT: Processus iudicarius utriusque fori in regno Poloniae, MANUSCRIPT: Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol 137.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 364.
 
 
 
 

Andreas Rommel (15th c.), a `doctor utriusque iuris' wrote a treatise on indulgences and left a consilium concerning witnesses.

TEXTS: 1. De indulgentiis, MANUSCRIPT: Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 687, fol. 352-

2. Consilium in materia de testibus, MANUSCRIPT: Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 687, fol. 327-51.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 365.
 
 
 
 

Andreas Siculus (see Andreas Barbatius)
 
 
 
 

Aneas de Folconibus, a doctor from Padua, wrote additions to the Repetitiones of Nicholaus de Tudeschis that were published with the latter's work in Lyons, 1524.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 313 n.5.
 
 
 
 

Aneas Silvio Piccolomini (see Pius II, Pope)
 
 
 
 

Angelo Carletti da Chiavasso (d.1495), a Franciscan observant from Milan who spent much of his life as the vicar general of the order at the papal curia, wrote a widely circulating penitential Summa. His main sources were the works of his equally successful predecessors, Bartholomaeus de San Concordo (Summa Pisana) and Monaldus (Monaldina). Martin Luther burnt an exemplar of the Summa, which he called Diabolica, in a protest against catholic penitential discipline in 1520. A. also wrote a Consilium condemning the Monte dell doti of Florence and another supporting it.

TEXTS: 1. Summa Angelica, Early Printed Editions: Chiavasso 1486; Venice 1487 (twice), 1489, 1491, 1499; Speyer 1488; Nürnberg 1488, 1492, 1498; Strasbourg 1489, 1495, 1498; Lyons 1492, 1494, 1497, 1500 (Hain 5381-5401); Haguenau 1509; Strasbourg 1513; Lyons 1513 and 1592; Venice 1569, 1578, 1582.

2. De restitutionibus, EDITION: by P. Marentini (Rome 1771-72).

3. Super bullis Sixti IV, Early Printed Edition: s.a., s.l. (Florence, Bibl. naz.).

LITERATURE: M. Bessone, Il Beato Angelo Carletti da Chiavasso (Cuneo 1950). J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientie)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 27 (1906) 296-310. Julius Kirshner, `A "Consilium" of Angelo da Chivasso on the Monte delle doti of Florence', Proceedings Salamanca (MIC C-6; Vatican City 1980) 435-41. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 99-100. J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores ordinis minorum I (Rome 1908) 43-44. Schulte, QL II 452-53.
 
 
 
 

Angelo da Castro (c. 1410-1485). After studying in Padua he received his doctorate there in utroque iure in 1436. Since 1437, A. was teaching Roman Law in Bologna, but already a year later he began to participate in academic activities at the University of Padua. In 1439, he became professor of Canon Law. He continued to teach law, mostly in Padua, until his death, but was also occasionally employed in Rome, Bologna and other Italian cities. Thus he spent some time in Rome as a consistorial advocat. Besides his activity as a teacher, A. participated often in the life of the city of Padua as judge and lawyer. He died in Padua in 1485.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura in I librum Decretalium, MANUSCRIPT: Trier, Stadtbibl. 869/1628.

2. Recollecta super primo libro Decretalium, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 107

3. Lectura in II librum Decretalium, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna Coll. di Spagna 99.

4. Lectura in secundam partem libri II Decretalium, MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6580

5. Lectura in tit. de appellationibus (X. 2.28.1-15), MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6584.

6. Lectura in librum III, MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6572; Clm 6586.

7. Lectura in IV librum, MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6587.

8. Lectura super quibusdam titulis libri secundi Decretalium, MAANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 108

9. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Several consilia concerning marrage cases have been printed in Consiliorum matrimonialium .. volumen I (Venice 1572) n. 27, 30-31, 33-34, 36, 40, MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 212; Leiden, Rijksuniversiteit, d'Ablaing 33; Munich, Clm 6661; Clm 4244; Clm 6573; Nuremberg, Stadtbibl., Cent. VI 7; Padua, Bibl. Univer., n. provv. 275; Padua, Bibl. Univ. 1268; Perugia, San Pietro, CM 57; Pesaro, Bibl. Oliveriana, 98; Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 450 and 485 (voll. IV, V, IX only); Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, lat. V 2; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 5054.

10. Tractatus, MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6674

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 119-23. M.Dal Zio Billanovich, `L'attività editoriale di Giovanni Domenico del Negro e i "consilia" di Angelo da Castro', Quaderni per la storia dell'Università di Padova 15 (1982) 107-12. P. C. Boeren, `Les "Apostillae" de Michel Carcano de Milan, O. F. M., au "Consilium de usuris" d'Ange de Castro', Archivum Franciscanum historicum 63 (1970) 174-77. G. D'Amelio, `Castro, Angelo da', DBI 22 (1979) 223-25. N. Del Re, `Paolo di Castro, dottore della verità', Studi senesi 3rd series, 19 (1970) 211-13. M. P. Rigoni, `Una conferma in ruolo a metà del XV sec. ..., Quaderni per la storia dell'Università di Padova 6 (1973) 163 and 165-67. G. Schizzerotto, Le incisioni quattrocentesche della Classense(Ravenna 1971) 83-85.
 
 
 
 

Angelus de Amelia, quoted as a `decretorum doctor' in a consilium which is included in a miscellaneous collection of consilia in a manuscript at Cornell University, Ithaca N.Y.

TEXTS consilium, Cornell University, Olin Library MS K5++, pp. 124-28.

LITERATURE: P. Peruzzi, `Angelus de Amelia, Decretorum doctor qui fuit tempore Bartoli (1307 ca. - 1366 ca.)', Studi Urbinati 44 (1975-76) 1-109.
 
 
 
 

Angelus de Besutio, from Milan, signed a contract with the University of Freiburg in 1497, obliging him to teach canon law for two years. Later he became rector there and a canon at Rheinfelden (until 1511). In 1516, he was appointed to serve as a judge in the imperial court for Burgundy. No writings of his seem to have survived.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 341 n.1.
 
 
 
 

Angelus Carletus (see Angelo Carletti)
 
 
 
 

Angelus de Castellone was author of several (canonistic?) consilia.

MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 19514, fol. 169-243 (together with Consilia of other jurists).

LITERATURE: J. Tarrant, `The life and works of Jesselin de Cassagnes', BMCL 9 (1979) 61.
 
 
 
 

Angelus Felici of Perugia taught canon law at Perugia in the late 15th century.

TEXT: Repetitio (on VI 1.3.9.), MANUSCRIPT: Washington, Cath. Univ. 184, fol. 230-242r.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, `Manuscripts and incunabula exhibited at the inauguration of the Institute in May 1956', Traditio 12 (1956) 615.
 
 
 
 

Angelus de Gambilionibus (de Aretio), received his doctorate in law at Bologna in 1422. He lectured on the Institutes at Ferrara and Bologna (1441-45). Likewise, his literary activities were concentrated on civil law, although there survives a treatise on the laws against witchcraft.

TEXT: Tractatus in practica maleficiorum, Early Printed Editions: Hain 1602-4.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 365.
 
 
 
 

Angelus a Perusio (see Angelus de Ubaldis).
 
 
 
 

Angelus de Ubaldis senior (d. 1423), brother of the more famous Baldus, taught Roman law at Florence, Bologna, and Padua. In his consilia, he also dealt with canonical matters.

TEXTS: Consilia et responsa, Early printed editions: [no location - no date]; Patavia 1476; Venice 1487; Pavia 1498; Paris 1498; Pavia 1499: Hain 15861-66), MANUSCRIPTS: Leiden, D'Ablaing 27, fol. 12-179r (#1-161); Lucca, Bibl. Commun. 399 (dated 1473); Lüneburg, Iurid. E.fol.9a; Pistoia, Arch. Comm. Misc. 144; Stuttgart, Landesbibl. HB VI 45, fol. 30v-135ra.

LITERATURE: P. Colliva, `Angelo degli Ubaldi e le "Constitutiones Aegidianae",' Archivio giuridico 184 (1973) 103-20. T. Diplovatatius, Liber de claris iuris consultis, edd. G. Rabotti et al., SG 10 (1968) 308-11. T. Izbicki, `"Ista questio est antique": Two consilia on widow's rights', BMCL 8 (1978) 47-49. S. Reymond Munari, `La Stampa dei "Consilia" di Bartolomeo Montagnana e dei "Consilia" di Angelo Ubaldi in due contratti del 1475', Quaderni per la storia dell' Università di Padova 13 (1980) 182-87. O. Scalvanti, `Angelo degli Ubaldi', L'opera di Baldo (Perugia 1901) 279-98.
 
 
 
 

Antonius Niger de Viterbo (de Velluleto) was a Franciscan from Viterbo (1288-90) and Todi (1295-96). He supported the hierocratic claims of Pope Boniface.

TEXT: Expositio decretalis `Unam sanctam' Bonifacii VIII, MANUSCRIPT: Venice, SS. Giovanni e Paolo 251, fol. 46-114.

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praediactorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 76
 
 
 
 

Antoninus of Florence (1389-1459), a Florentine Dominican from the Forciglione family, became archbishop of Florence in 1446. He was the author of many, mostly theological, works of tremendous influence, which were soon to be translated into Italian and also circulated in various adaptations. Among these writings, a manual on confession became the most popular. Antoninus was canonized in 1523.

TEXTS (legal only): 1. Summa moralis, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1477-80; Nürnberg 1477-79 (GW 2185-98a).

A. Tractatus de censuris ecclesiasticis (cf. Summa 3.24-29), Early Printed Editions: Venice 1474.

2. Tractatus de indulgentiis (cf. Summa 1.10.3), Early Printed Edition: Deventer 1476.

3. Tractatus de simonia (cf. Summa 2.1.4-5), MANUSCRIPTS: Ferrara, Bobl. comm. ii.85; Oxford, Bodl. Can. Pat. lat. 22, lat. 32, lat. 73; Padua, Bibl. Univ. 564, fol. 126-56; Paris, B.N. nouv. acq. lat. 864, fol. 363-93; Rome, Bibl. Casanat. 923; Vercelli, Bibl. Agnes.

4. Tractatus de restitutione (cf. Summa 2.2.1), Early Printed Editions: together with the Confessionale.

5. Tractatus de usuris (cf. Summa 2.1.6-7), MANUSCRIPTS: Ancona, Bibl. cap. 3; Ferrara, Bibl. comm. ii.85; Florence, BN J.i.38, fol. 86-89v; Oxford, Bodl. Can. Pat. lat. 32, lat. 81, fol. 184v-90, lat. 274; Pavia, Bibl. Univ. Aldini 64, fol. 1-15; Vatican City, Vat. Pal. lat. 718, fol. 22-26.

6. Confessionale, Early Printed Editions: The work exists in two recensions: Hain 1165-1203, 1206-7, 1210; Lyons 1502; Strasbourg 1508; Haguenau 1508; Basel 1511; Lyons 1513 and 1516.

LITERATURE: A. Amanieu, `Antonin (saint)', DDC 1 (1935) 632-33. R. Creytens, `Les cas de conscience soumis à S. Antonin de Florence par Dominique de Catalogne, O.P.', Archivum fratrum praedicatorum 28 (1958) 149-220; idem, `Les "consilia" de S. Antonin de Florence', AFP 37 (1967) 263-342. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praediactorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 80-100. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge(Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 73-75. Schulte, QL II 444-45. S. Orlandi, S. Antonino 1-2 (Florence 1959-60), 3 (Rome 1961). H. Wilms, `Das Confessionale Defecerunt des heiligen Antoninus', Divus Thomas (Freiburg 1948) 99-108.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Bagarotti (b. Padua 31 May 1477, d. Milan 1555). After receiving his doctorate (1507), A. taught in Padua for some time; in 1508-09 he was certainly teaching canon law there. Then he went on into imperial service chiefly carrying out military commissions. For his service he received a standing income. He died in Milan in 1555.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 330. N. Ramponi, `Bagarotti, Antonio', DBI 5 (1963) 167-68.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Borromeo (d. 1509). From 1490 until at least 1494, Antonio was teaching canon law in Padua.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 132.
 
 
 
 

Antonio da Burgos (Salamanca 1450-Rome 1525). A. studied law at Bologna and was a member of the Collegium Hispanicum from 1484 to 1490 and obtained his doctorate in canon law there in 1491. In the same year he began teaching also at Bologna, where he remained until 1513, except for a pause from 1506-09 when he was called to teach in Padua. Thereafter, he moved to Rome to work as an advocate.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitiones

A. Repetitio in rubricam de constitutionibus (X. 1.2), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes II (Venice 1587, Cologne 1618), fol. 13v- 15v

B. Repetitio in c. Canonum statuta, tit. de constitutionibus (X. 1.2.1), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 75r-79r

C. Repetitio in c. Cum omnes, tit. de constitutionibus (X. 1.2.6) Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 130v-136r

D. Repetitio i c. Quae in ecclesiarum, tit. de constitutionibus (X. 1.2.7), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 148r-154r

E. Repetitio in c. Cum accessisset, tit. de constitutionibus (X. 1.2.8)

Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 178r-183r

F. Repetitio in c. Ecclesiae Sanctae Mariae, tit. de constitutionibus (X. 1.2.10), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 186v-192v

G. Repetitio in rubricam de rescriptis (X. 1.3), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 192r-v

H. Repetitio in c. Sicut Romana, tit. de rescriptis (X. 1.3.1), Early Printed Edition: RepetitionesII, fol. 193r-196r

I. Repetitio in c. Ex parte, tit. de rescriptis (X. 1.3.2), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 197r-199r

K. Repetitio in c. Ceterum, tit. de rescriptis (X. 1.3.3), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 199r-202v

L. Repetitio in c. Inter ceteras, tit. de rescriptis (X. 1.3.4), Early Printed Edition: RepetitionesII, fol. 202v-203r

M. Repetitio in c. De Quodvultdeo, tit. de iudiciis (X. 2.1.1), Early Printed Edition: RepetitionesII, fol. 43r-48v

N. Repetitio in c. Decernimus, tit. de iudiciis (X. 2.1.2), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 54v-57r)

O. Repetitio in c. Quanto, tit. de iudiciis (X. 2.1.3), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 57r-v

P. Repetitio in c. At si clerici, tit. de iudiciis (X. 2.1.4), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 57v-64v

Q. Repetitio in c. Intelleximus, tit. de iudiciis (X. 2.1.7), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones II, fol. 86r-88r

R. Repetitio in rubricam de appellationibus (X. 2.28), Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1575.

S. Repetitio in tit. de emptione et venditione (X. 3.17.1-7), Early Printed Editions: Pavia 1471 (Hain 1279); Ticini 1511; Parma 1574; Venice 1575; Repetitiones II, fol. 248v-274r.

2. Consilia, MANUSCRIPTS: Siena, Bibl. Comunale degli Intronati, I IV 7

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 132-34. E. Martellozzo Forin, `Due professori di diritto alla ricerca di una condotta: Antonio da Burgos (1509) e Antonio Baculi da Cattaro (1549)', Quaderni per la storia dell'Università di Padova 3 (1970) 145-48. C. Piana, Nuovi documenti sull'Università di Bologna e sul Collegio di Sapagna (Studia Albornotiana 23; Bologna 1976) 138-45. Pérez Martín, `Los Colegios de doctores en Bolonia y su relacion con España', Anuario de historia del derecho español 48 (1978) 5-90 at 53-55; idem, Proles Aegidiana (Zaragoza y Bolonia 1979) 420-22, 2218 (with bibliography). Schulte, QL II 365-66.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Canals, from Valencia, wrote a Catalan penitential Summa in 1413. He died in 1419.

TEXT:Tractat de confessió, MANUSCRIPT: Barcelona, Arch. de Palau.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 243. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 105-08.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Capodilista (also de Capiteliste, Capilistius, Caodelista) (1420-1489). A. pursued a career in the Church and held the office of of an apostolic protonotary and rector of the Churches of San Giacomo in Padua, San Floriano in Marostica, and San Giorgio in Campretto before beginning the study of law by the early 1440's. A. studied first civil law and then canon law. In 1445 he received a doctorate in both laws. Since 1445 he taught canon law at Padua. There he also carried out his activities as canon and lawyer. A. died in Padua, his hometown, in 1489.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 353. G. A. Berti, Memorie edite ed inedite della famiglia Capodilista, cc. 16-19, 23, 56-57, 63, 66 (B. P. 2158). O. Ruffino, `Capodilista (de Capiteliste, Capilistius, Caodelista), Antonio', DBI 18 (1975) 631-33.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Cocchi (de Cocchis) Donati was born at Florence in 1450. He studied law at Siena and Perugia, before he became doctor of civil law in 1473. His career as a teacher of canon and, occasionally Roman, law began at Pisa the same year, only to be terminated by his death in 1491. Unlike many of his colleagues, he never aspired an office in communal administration and was fully devoted to academic affairs. The number of his writings seems rather limited, but still awaits full investigation.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitiones, MANUSCRIPTS: Perugia, Bibl. comm. E.61.

2. Consilia, MANUSCRIPTS: Florence, Bibl. naz. Magliab. XIX.188, XIX.202; Pisa, Bibl. univ. Ronc. 22, 25.

LITERATURE: L. Migler, `Cocchi Donati (Cocho, Coccus, de Cocchis), Antonio', DBI 26 (1982) 495-98.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Corsetto (Corsetti), born at Noto (Sicily) around 1450, joined the clerical ranks and studied at Bologna under Andrea Barbazza, his 'fellow Sicilian'. He received a doctorate in both laws in 1479 and lectured on canon law until 1487, when he transferred to Padua. There he produced most of his writings, which abound in scholarly annotations considered too bulky and old fashioned by some of his contemporaries. Pope Alexander VI nevertheless made him judge of the Roman Rota(1500). A year later, the Spanish king elevated him to the bishopric of Malta, but he never took possession of it. He died c. 1503.

TEXTS: 1. Singularia et notabilia, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1477 (first recension); Padua 1490 (second recension).

2. Repertorium in opera Nicolai de Tudeschis, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1486, and later appended to the editions of Panormitanus' Commentary on the Decretales.

3. Repetitiones

A. in titulo De iureiurando, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1490.

B. Repetitio capituli Grandi, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1493.

4. Tractatus, De auctoritate glossae, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris 18 (Venice 1584), fol. 186vb-87ra.

B. De verbis geminatis, de minimis, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris 18 (Venice 1584), fol. 266va-73ra.

C. Tractatus fallentiorum ad regulam Spoliatus ante omnia restituendus, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris III.2 (Venice 1584), fol. 325va-26vb.

D. De privilegiis pacis, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris 12 (Venice 1584), fol. 224ra-27va.

E. De potestate et excellentia regia, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1499.

5. Consilia

A. De monte pietatis, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1493.

B. Ad status fratrum Ihesuatorum, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1495.

LITERATURE: H. Hoberg, `Der Informationsprozess über die Qualifikation des Rotarichters Antonio Corsetto (1500)', Mélanges E. Tisserant IV (Vatican City 1946) 389-406. A. Mazzacane, `Corsetto (Corsetti), Antonio', DBI 29 (1983) 540-42. L. Sighinolfi, `La condotta del canonista Antonio Corsetto da Bologna a Padova (1487)', Studi e memorie per la storia dell'Università di Bologna 7 (1922) 139-51.
 
 
 
 

Antonius Franciscus de Doctoribus (Antonio Francesco Dottori) (1442-1528). He was teaching civil law at Padua around 1464 and received his doctorate in the following year. Probably by 1472, he taught canon law there as well, and continued lecturing through the 1470's. Between 1480-82, he briefly joined the studium at Ferrara, but seems to have returned to his hometown by 1485. In 1488, he obtained the chair of 'secundus locus ordinarius iuris canonici', which he held until 1498 when Bertuccio Bagarotti took his place. In the following years he taught alternatively civil and canon law. During the war of the league of Cambrai, he was put first into prison and then interned by the city from 1513 to 1517, accused of having supported the Emperor Maximilian, before he was finally reinstated. Antonio died in 1528. Throughout his life he played an active part in the communal life of Padua as a lawyer and consultant.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Of two consilia concerning matrimonial law in Consiliorum matrimonialium .. volumen I (Venice 1572) n. 68-69; MANUSCRIPIT: Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 485, vol. IV.

2. Additiones to the Commentary of Panormitanus on the Decretals of Gregory IX:  Many editions, e.g. Venice: 1582.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 150-52. A. Sartori, `Documenti padovani sull'arte della stampa nel sec. XV, in Libri e stampatori in Padova, Miscellanea di studi in onore di G. Bellini, tipografo editore libraio (Padova 1959) 111-231. Schulte, QL II 366.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Ducci (de Ducis). A Florentine. He was teaching decretum in Padua in 1412. He was also vicar of Fantino Dandolo, bishop of Padua, and of Ludovico Barbo, bishop of Treviso.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori e giuristi 326. L. Pesce, Ludovico Barbo vescovo di Treviso (1437-1443). Cura pastorale, riforma della Chiesa, spiritualità (Italia sacra. Studi e documenti di storia ecclesiastica 9-10; Padua 1969).
 
 
 
 

Antonio de Gentilibus, born at Tortona, received his doctorate in civil law at Pavia in 1398. Baldus was one of his examiners. He later became a member of the delegation sent by the Duke of Milan to the Council of Constance (1414-18) which indicates the high reputation he must have enjoyed in his native region as a professor of law. Information about his canonistic teaching survives for the years 1431-32, when he lectured on the Liber sextus and the Clementine at the University of Pavia. The following year (1432-33) he failed to appear personally in class, although he had been hired to teach again. Ill health probably accounted for his absence, since the records of the University refer to him as dead ('quondam dominus Antonius') in 1434.

TEXT: Repertorium alphabeticum iuris, EDITION: The preface has been printed by A. Bernal-Palacios, BMCL 19 (1989); MANUSCRIPTS: Cordoba, Catedral MSS 8-9; Subiaco, Santa scolastica 8, fol. 1-477 (L-Z); Vienna, ÖNB lat. 5040 (A-K); and lat. 5037 (L-Z); Vatican City, Vat. Ottob. lat. 1596, fol. 1ra-392vb (letters A-K); and Vat. Ottob. lat. 1597, fol. 1ra-320rb (letter L-Z); Vat. Pal. lat. 800, fol. 1ra-348vb (letter A-K); and Vat. Pal. lat. 801, fol. 1ra-343vb (letter L-Z); Ross. 1081 (A-I) and 1082, fol. 1ra-368vb (I-Z).

LITERATURE: A. Bernal-Palacios, `El profesor de Pavia, Antonio de Gentilibus, y su "Repertorium alphabeticum iuris",' BMCL 19 (1989). Codice diplomatico dell'Università di Pavia(Pavia 1913) I.387; II.291, 302, 307, 341.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Leone. A Paduan. In 1442 he was teaching Roman or canon law in Padua.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 346, 353.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Marcello. In 1434 he was probably teaching decretals in Padua.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 137.
 
 
 
 

Antonio Minucci da Pratovecchio, fifteenth century canonist who, at the request of Pope Eugenius IV, wrote a consilium on just war in 1436.

TEXTS: Consilium, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1932, fol. 100r-112v

LITERATURE: James Muldoon, `A fifteenth-century application of the canonistic theory of the just war', Proceedings Toronto (MIC C-5; Vatican City 1976) 467-80. M. de Witte, `Les bulles pontificales et l'expansion portugaise au XVe siècle', RHE 48 (1953) 700-702.
 
 
 
 

Antonio di Raho lectured on the Liber sextus at Naples since 1481. He became a high magistrate of the city in 1496 and died in 1504.

LITERATURE: E. Cortese, `Sulla scienza giuridica a Napoli tra Quattro e Cinquecento', Scuole diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia I (Catania 1985) 82 n.134.
 
 
 
 

Antonio da San Leonardo. A Paduan. In 1441 he was certainly teaching in Padua either civil or canon law.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 346, 352.
 
 
 
 

Antonio de San Pietro, named as `ordinarius legens iura canonica', in a consilium contained in a miscellaneous collection of consilia in a fourteenth century manuscript at Cornell University. The contents of the manuscript seems to be limited to jurists of Perugia, suggesting that this canonist taught there.

TEXTS: Cornell University, Olin Library MS K5++, pp. 141-48.

LITERATURE:
 
   

Antonio Rodríguez (Ruiz) de Segovia was a doctor decretoum at the Salamanca and taught there on the Gregorian Decretals between 1410 and 1447. He wrote a canonistic gloss on a treatise by Martín de Galos against clergy living in concubinage.

TEXT: Gloss on the Tractatus contra sacerdotes concubinarios, EDITIONS: In the Opera omnia20 of Alfonso de Madrigal (El Tostado), ed. Venice 1529, fol. 2r-9v = Opera omnia 12 (Cologne 1613) 58-71; MANUSCRIPTS: Segovia, Cab. 5-5-27 and 5-5-23.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 5 (Salamanca) 354-56.
   
 

Antonio Turchetto (Turchettus) (d.1505). In 1472 he was teaching either canon or civil law at Padua. In 1476 he was also promotore.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 348, 355.
 
 
 

Antonio di Vanni Strozzi (?) is mentioned as the author of a consilium, dated 1519, to be found in the Carte Strozziane of the Florentine Archives.

TEXT: Consilium, MANUSCRIPT: Florence, Archivio di stato, Carte Strozziane Ser. 3.41, vol. 6, fol. 182v.

LITRATURE: J. Kirshner - J. Pluss, `Two fourteenth-century opinions on dowries, paraphernalia and non-dotal goods', BMCL 9 (1979) 70 n.14.
   
 
 

Antonius de Butrio (Antonio da Budrio). Born ca. 1338 as a Bolognese citizen, Antonius studied canon law in Bologna under Petrus de Ancarano. He received a doctorate in civil law in 1384, and one in canon law in 1387. Celebrated primarily as a teacher of law, his juristic writings received a mixed and often negative treatment from later jurists. From 1387 until his death in 1408, Antonius migrated frequently to teaching positions in Bologna, Perugia, Florence and Ferrara. In 1406/07 Antonius took part in a papal mission to the antipope Benedict XIII in an attempt to resolve the schism through the uia cessionis. His most important students were Johannes de Imola and Dominicus de Sancto Geminiano.

TEXTS:

1. Commentaria in quinque libros decretalium, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1473, 1474; Milan 1488 (Hain 4174-76); Milan 1489.

2. Commentaria in Sextum, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499.

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Not all of them have appeared in print; Rome 1472, 1474; Pavia 1492; Venice 1493; Lyons 1541; Venice 1575; MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 3622.

4. De schismate tollendo, EDITION: Annales ecclesiastici XV (Cologne 1622) 268-70, 1407

5. Tractatus ad cardinales Pisanum comcilium habentes, EDITION: G. Mansi in S. Conciliorum amplissima collectio XXVII, (Venice 1784) 313-330 (from the MS in Lucca)

MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Bibl. Capitolare (fragmentary).

6. Tractatus de iure patronatus, Editions: Frankfurt 1581, 1609

7. Tractatus de emptionibus et venditionibus et de notorio, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tom pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) 4.50-57. 10. Tractatus de simonia, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Collegio Albornoz

9. Speculum de confessione, Early Printed Editions: Vicenza 1476; Venice 1586; cf. Hain 4183-85.

10. Repetitiones sive Lecturae, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1474; Pavia 1493 (Hain 4181-82); Repetitiones in universas fere universi iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) 4

11. Repertorium in iure canonico, MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Collegio Albornoz 120; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 5020.

LITERATURE: A.Amanieu, `Antoine de Butrio', DDC 1 (1935) 630-31. E. Gualandi, `Di due lapidi sepolcrali ancora esistenti in S. Michele in Bosco di Bologna (Egidio de' Lobia e Antonio da Budrio)', Atti e Memorie della Deputazione di storia patria per le provincie di Romagna. Nuova serie 7 (1955-56) 336-58. Berthe M. Marti, `Gomez versus the Spanish College at Bologna', Didascaliae: Studies in honor of Anselm Albareda, S.Prete ed. (NY 1961) 293-319. L. Prosdocimi, `Antonio da Budrio (Antonius de Butrio)', DBI 3 (1961) 540-43. Schulte, QL II 289-94.
 
  
 

Antonius de Canario (d. 1451). Born in Ravenna and, after receiving his doctorate, active there as an advocate all through his life.

TEXTS: 1. De insinuationibus (completed 1440), Early Printed Editions: Pescia 1485; Milan 1493 (Hain 4324-25)

2. De excusatore, Early Printed Editions: Pescia 1485; Milan 1493 (Hain 4324-25)

3. De executione instrumentorum, Early Printed Editions: Pescia 1486, 1491; Siena 1487; Milan 1493 (Hain 4308-11).

4. De potestate papae supra concilium generale, MANUSCRIPTS: Genova (?)

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 366.
 
 
 
 

Antonius Corsetus Siculus (also `Barbatinus') was born in Noto (Sicily) c. 1450. He attended the school in his native city and became a monk at an early age. Later, he studied under Andreas Barbatius at Bologna, where he obtained his doctorate in utroque iure in 1479. Before his doctorate he was already holding lectures, and in 1479 he became professor of canon law in Bologna and held this position until 1487. Then he went to Padua to teach canon law until 1500. A.'s most famous student was Diplovatatius. At the request of Pope Alexander VI, he became a judge of the Roman Rota, in 1500, and remained in Rome until his death in 1503, although he was named bishop of Malta by the King Ferdinand the Catholic.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitiones

A. Repetitio in tit. de officio iudicis delegati (X. 1.29), MANUSCRIPT: Cordoba, Arch. Catedral.

B. Repetitio in tit. de iureiurando (X. 2.24), Early Printed Editions: Venice 1490; Mailand 1492 (Hain 5766-67).

C. Rep. in c. Grandi (VI. 1.8.2), Early Printed Editions: Venice 1493/94.

2. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: One is printed in Consiliorum seu responsorum ad causas criminales .. vol. II, ed. I. B. Ziletti (Venice 1579; also Venice 1579) n.25.

3. Consilium super Monte pietatis, Early Printed Edition: Padua 1493.

4. Tractatus ad status pauperum fratrum Jesuatorum confirmationem Early Printed Edition: Venice 1495 (Hain 5770)

5. De auctoritate glossae, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1486 (?); Venice 1499; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XVIII, fols. 186vb-187ra.

6. De bravio, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1493/94; Lyons 1543; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XII, fol. 217v-218v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) III.2, fol. 325v-26v.

7. De fallentiis ad regulam `Spoliatus ante omnia' (Decretum, C.3 q.1 c.3), Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XII, fol. 407r-408r; Regulae iuris tam civilis quam canonici (Lyons 1566) 547-50; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) III.2, fol. 324r-25r.

8. De iuramento et eius privilegio, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) IV, fol. 359r-364v.

9. De materia Trebellianicae, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499 (GW 7781, IGI 3225); Venice, after 1500 (GW 7782, IGI 3226); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum(Lyons 1549) VII, fol. 185v-187v; Selecti tractatus iuris varii vere aurei de successione (Venice 1570) 456-70; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) VIII.1, fol. 437r-439v.

10. De minimis, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499 (GW 7781, IGI 3225); Venice, after 1500 (GW 7782, IGI 3226); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) I, fol. 329v-333r; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XVIII, fol. 269r-273r.

11. De potestate ac excellentia regia, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499 (GW 7781, IGI 3225); Venice, after 1500 (GW 7782, IGI 3226, Hain 5769); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XII, fol. 88v-104v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XVI, fol. 224r-227r.

12. De privilegio pacis, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499 (GW 7781, IGI 3225); Venice, after 1500 (GW 7782, IGI 3226); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XIII, fol. 123r-125v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XII, fol. 224r-227r.

13. De verbis geminatis, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1499 (GW 7781, IGI 3225); Venice, after 1500 (GW 7782, IGI 3226); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) I, fol. 327r-329v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XVIIII, fol. 266v-269r.

14. Dubium de emphitetota absente, Early Printed Edition: Venice, after 1486 (GW 7783, IGI 3227)

15. Quaestio de heredis institutione, Early Printed Edition: Venice, after 1486 (GW 7783, IGI 3227)

16. Singularia et notabilia: A. first version; dedicated to Andreas Barbatius: Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1477 (GW 7788, IGI 3231). B. second version: Early Printed Editions: Venice 1490; Milan 1492; Venice 1499; Pavia 1500.

17. Repertorium in opera Nicolai de Tudeschis (Panormitani) Early Printed Editions: Venetiis, after 1486 (GW 7783, IGI 3227); Venice 1499 (GW 7784, IGI 3228).

18. Casuum Bernardi Parmensis in corpus decretalium revisio, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1487 (GW 4099).

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 134-37. F. L. Berra, `Corsetti Antonio', NDI 4 (1959) 910-11. L. Genuardi, `Canonisti siciliani del secolo XV', Studi in onore di F. Scaduto I (Firenze 1936) 419-32. H. Hoberg, `Der Informativprozess über die Qualifikation des Rotarichters Antonio Corsetti (1500)', in Mélange E. Tisserant IV (Studi e Testi 234; Città del Vaticano 1964) 389-406. A. Mazzacane, `Corsetto (Corsetti), Antonio', DBI 29 (1983) 540-42. Schulte QL II 348-49. L. Sighinolfi, `La condotta del canonista Antonio Corsetti da Bologna a Padova (1487)', Studi e memorie per la storia dell'Università di Bologna 7 (1922) 141-51.
 
   
 

Antonius de Forciglione (see Antoninus of Florence)
 
   
 

Antonius de Naseriis (1341-1393), born 1341 in Padua, he studied canon law there, before he was elected Bishop of Feltre and Belluno in 1369. He continued, however, to devote his time to studying. During his last years, he taught at Paduam first the artes (1386-90), and finally on the decretals. He died in 1393.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 273-74.
 
  
 

Antonius de Presbyteris (Preti), a native of Bologna, became a doctor of civil law in 1353, whereupon he taught at his hometown until 1379, a year before his death. He was also involved in the administrative affairs of the region, whence the Bishop of Florence made him his vicar.

TEXTS: 1. Clypeus pastoralis, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XIII.2, fol. 362.

2. De iurisdictione episcoporum, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XIII.2, fol. 361.

3. Tractatus de episcoporum prestantia, Early Printed Edition:

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 273.
 
   
 

Antonius de Rosellis, born in Arezzo in 1381, probably studied law at Bologna and received his doctorate there in 1407. In the same year he began teaching civil law. Afterwards he taught at Siena and at Florence; in Siena he had Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini as his student. He was called to Rome by Pope Martin V to be a consistorial advocate, where he also served the Emperor Sigismund, the King of Naples, the College of Cardinals and pope Eugenius IV. He left Rome in 1438, once his anti-papal treatise, Monarchia, had made his position appear precarious. He became a Professor of canon law at Padua unti his retirement shortly after 1460. A. died in Padua in 1466.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitiones:

A. Repetitio in c. 2, Quidam episcopus (C.2 q.1 a.c.1)

Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) I, fols. 37r-47v.

B. Repetitio in c. Interrogatum (C.2 q.5 c.24), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) I, fols. 64r-71r.

C. Repetitio in c. Si autem (C.2 q.6 c. 39), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) I, fols. 71r-76v.

D. Repetitio in c. Manifesta (C.2 q.1 c.15), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) I, fol. 53r-64r.

E. Repetitio in c. Quod translationem, tit. de officio legati (X 1.30.4), MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6524 [cum repetitionibus Iacobi de Zochis, lectoris de mane, et Cosme de Contareno, lectoris de sero]).

2. Lectura in II librum Decretalium (X. 2.1-27), MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6584).

3. Lectura super quibusdam titulis libri III, IV, V Decretalium MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 97

4. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Bartholomaei Caepollae consilia criminalia (Venice 1555) n. 46, 49; Consiliorum seu responsorum ad causas criminales .. vol. I, ed. I. B. Ziletti (Venice 1566, also Venice 1572 and 1582) n. 82, 86; Consiliorum matrimonialium .. volumen I (Venice 1572) n. 43; MANUSCRIPTS: Eichstätt, Universitätsbibl. 484, fol. 70r; Florence, Bibl. Nazionale Centrale, Magliab. XXIX 172; Munich, Clm 6573, fol. 152v; Clm 6661, fol. 254r; Padua, Bibl. Univ. n. provv.275; Ravenna, Bibl. Class. 484; Class. 485; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1932, fol. 114r-122v; Vat. lat. 8069; Vat. Urb. lat. 1132; Vat. Reg. lat. 377; Venice, Bibl. Marc. lat. V.2; see also below, De ornatu mulierum.

5. De bello (iusto vel iniusto), MANUSCRIPTS: Trento, Bibl. Capitolare, 140; Trier, Stadtbibl., 913/1112).

6. De conciliis ac synodis generalibus, Early Printed Edition: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) II, fol. 14v-70v; MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6661, fol. 259r; Clm 7428; Trento, Bibl. Capitolare, 140; Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, lat. IV 4 [2480].

7. De ieiuniis, Early Printed Editions: Rome c. 1476 (IGI 8442); Hain 13978; Rome c. 1485 (R IV.1368), 1486, 1488-90, c. 1490 (IGI 8443-45); Cologne 1497 (Hain 13980).

MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6572 (included in Angelus de Castro's commentary on X.3); Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 485, vol.I.

8. De indiciis et tortura, Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) X, fol. 83v-84v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XI, fol. 290r-291v.

9. De indulgentiis, Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XVI, fol. 168v-177v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XIV, fol. 147v-157r.

10. Tractatus de legitimatione, Early Printed Editions: Pavia 1494 (Hain 13976); 1498 (Hain 13977); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) VI, fol. 264r-278v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum(Venice 1584) VIII.2, fol. 75r-90v.

11. De ornatu mulierum (consilium?); EDITION: N. Denholm-Young - H. Kantorowicz, La Biblofilia 35 (1933) 315-456 (repr. in H. Kantorowicz, Rechtshistorische Schriften [Karlsruhe 1970] 341-476): according to the text of MS Oxford.

MANUSCRIPTS: Eichstätt, Universitätsbibl. 266; Oxford, Bodl. Lib. Can. misc. 6.

12. De successione ab intestato (X 3.27); Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) VII, fol. 240v-253v; Selecti tractatus iuris varii vere aurei de successione (Venice 1570) 659-696; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) VIII.1, fol. 357v-371v.

13. Tractatus de usuris (X 5.19); Early Printed Editions: Naples c. 1473 (IGI 8448); Rome 1481-87, c.1490 (Hain 13981-82; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XVI, fol. 80r-83v; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) VII 66v-71v.

14. Epistola in concilium Basilensem ad Eugenium IV et ad imperatorem

MANUSCRIPT: Milan, Ambr. C 145 inf.

15. Monarchia siue tractatus de potestate imperatoris et pape Early Printed Editions: Venice 1483 (Hain 13973); Venice 1487 (IGI 8441); Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XIV, fol. 307r-346v; M. Goldast (ed.), (Hannover - Frankfurt 1611-14; repr. Graz 1960); G. Perticone, Scritti politici italiani 10 (Bologna 1944).

16. Tractatus super arbore consanguinitatis, MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6573.

17. Excerpta ex operibus, MANUSCRIPT: Luxemburg, Bibl. Nationale, 228

LITERATURE: E. Amman, `Roselli, Antonio', Dictionnaire de théologie catholique 13.2 (1937) 2916-18. Belloni, Professori giuristi, 143-49. Berra, `Roselli Antonio', NDI 16 (19) 265-66. N. Denholm Young - H. Kantorowicz, `De ornatu mulierum. A consilium of Antonius de Rosellis with an introduction on fifteenth century sumptuary legislation', La bibliofilia 35 (1933) 315-456 (reprinted in H. Kantorowicz, Rechtshistorische Schriften (Karlsruhe 1970) 341-76). Thomas Izbicki, `Problems of Attribution in the Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584)' Studi Senesi 92, 3rd series 29 (1980) 479-93. J. Muldoon, `A fifteenth-century application of the canonistic theory of the just war', Proceedings Toronto (MIC C-5; Vatican City 1976) 467-80. Roberto Naz, `Roselli (Antoine de)' DDC 7 (1965) 731-32. Schulte, QL II 303-5. J. A. F. Thomson, `Papalism and conciliarism in Antonio Roselli's Monarchia', Medieval studies 37 (1975) 445-58. P. Verrua, `Antonio Roselli e l'opera sua "Monarchia sive Tractatus de potestate imperatoris et papae",' Giornale dantesco 29 (1926) 313-32. M. Watanabe, `Authority and consent in Church government: Panormitanus, Aeneas Sylvius, Cusanus', Journal of the history of ideas 33 (1972) 217-36. M. de Witte, `Les bulles pontificales et l'expansion portugaise au XVe siècle', RHE 48 (1953) 700-702.
 
   
 

Antonius Maria Sala (de Sala) was a doctor of canon law at Bologna. In this capacity, he promoted Petrus Abdreas Gambarinus to the doctorate in 1507.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 343.
 
  
 

Antonius de S. Nazario Vercellensis was prior of the Dominican order for Upper Lombardy in 1399.

TEXT: Summa in iure canonico sive Lucerna iudicialis

LITERATURE: A. de Castello, AFP 30 (1960) 271. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 119.
 
   
 

Antonius de Sarziano received the doctorate from Bonifacius de Vitalinis at Marseille sometime after 1352, as Bonifacius recounts in his commentary on the Clementines (tit. de sepultura, cap. Ad honorem).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 255 n.1.
 
   

Archidiaconus (see Guido de Baysio)
 
 
   

Arnaldo de Soler was a late 15th-century, Spanish jurist. He wrote mostly on customary law, but there survives also a canonistic repetitio of his.

TEXT: Repetitio in cap. Si pater filium (VI 3.11.1), EDITION: Venice 1496.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 5 (Salamanca 1976) 359.
 
   
 

Arnold Westphal (1399 in Lübeck; † 31. Januar 1466)  studied at Leipzig, 1418-21, and Rostock, before he became professor of law at Erfurt (1428). He participated at the Council of Basel as a delegate of his University (1432) and then continued teaching canon law as a rector of the faculty at Leipzig (1436-1442). He finally became bishop of Lübeck (1449-1466).

TEXTS: 1. Lecturae super decretalibus

Lectura super c. Cum Marthae de celebr. miss. (X 3.41.6) MANUSCRIPT: Marburg, Universitätsbibl. C.5 Fol.

2. Consilia, MANUSCRIPTS: Greifswald, St. Nicolai 18 C.1.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 367.
 
   

Arnoldus de Augusta

TEXT: Arengae iudiciales et extraiudiciales, MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 17535.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 366.
 
   

Arnoldus de Embeke

TEXT: Casus breves (on Liber extra and Liber sextus), MANUSCRIPT: Kassel, Landesbibl. jur. in 4 n. 30 (on X 3-5 and VI).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 367.
 
 
 

Arnoldus Gheyloven (also Arnoul Thierry).  (c. 1375/1420) was born in Rotterdam (The Netherlands). He studied liberal arts in Vienna, and canon law in Bologna and Padua. Around 1407 he joined the regular canons of the Windesheim monastery at Groenendaal near Brussels. He composed c. 30 works, among which the Gnotosolitos parvus ('Small Know Yourself'), which text has been preserved in one single manuscript (Liège, Bibliothèque du Grand Séminaire 6 F 18). Gheyloven wrote this text for students, preparing themselves for the priesthood in a paedagogium at Louvain or with the Brethren of the Common Life in Deventer.

TEXTS: 1. Speculum conscientiae, Early Printed Editions: Brussels 1476, 1490; Hain 7514-15; MANUSCRIPT: Vienna, ÖNB lat. 4880.

2. Recollectio consiliorum Joannis Calderini et Gasparis, Early Printed Editions:

3. Lectura imperfecta super constitutionibus Benedicti XII, Early Printed Editions:

4. De electione

5. Tractatus de contractibus usurariis sive Confessoniale foeneratorum

6. Remissorium utriusque iuris, MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Kap. J.12; St. Omer, Bibl. Munic. 640; Wroclaw, Univ. II F. 97.

7. Gnotosolitos

EDITIONS:  (Hain 7514),  Arnoldi Gheyloven Roterodami Gnotosolitos Parvus: E Codice Seminarii Leodiensis 6 F 18 Editus, ed. Anton G. Weiler (Corpus Christianorum continuatio medaevalis 212, Turnhout 2008)

8. Somnium doctrinale siue imaginarium Arnoldi (Cambrai MS)

9. Vaticanus

10. Speculum collationum

11. Speculum exemplorum

13. Confessionale ad Walterum clericum Bruxellensem

LITERATURE: P. Debongnie,`Arnold Gheiloven ou Geiloven', DHGE 6 (1930) 562-63. J. Rivier, `Dr. Arnold Gheyloven aus Rotterdam', Zeitschrift für Rechtsgeschichte 11 (1873) 454ff. Schulte QL II 438-39.
 
 
 
 

Astesanus von Asti (d.1330), a Franciscan, completed an important confessional work, Summa de casibus, in 1317. It consists of eight books and three indices, two of which list the rubriques of the canon and civil lawbooks. In this way, it served as a comprehensive manual of the laws for priests.

TEXT: Summa de casibus conscientie (Summa Astesana), Early Printed Editions: Hain 1888-97; Lyons 1519; Rome 1728-30

LITERATURE: J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientiae)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 26 (1905) 35-62. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 57-60. J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores ordinis minorum I (Rome 1908) 104-05. Schulte, QL II 425-27.
 
 
 
 

Augustin Bero (Beroius, Berous). A. was born in 1474 at Bologna. He may have studied Roman law under Marianus Socinus the old and Carolus Ruinus; he certainly studied canon and civil law respectively under Florianus Dolfi and Bonifacius Fantuzzi. A. obtained his doctorate in utroque iure in 1503. In 1504 he became professor in Bologna and taught Roman law during the three following years; then he began teching canon law and carried out this activity until his death in 1554. He was also named monarcha legum. He found support in Popes Julius II and Julius III and was often employed as a consultant by princes. Gianangelo de Medici (Pope Pius IV), Hugo Boncampagni (Gregorius XIII) and the Bishop Paulus Baralio of Arezzo were among A.'s most famous students.

TEXTS: 1. Commentaria super decretales, Early Printed Editions: Lyons 1550-1552; Venice 1578-1580.

2. Quaestiones familiares pragmaticis percommodae, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1550; Lyons 1551; Bologna 1568; Venice 1574; , Augsburg 1629 (cum additionibus J. Mylii).

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1567; Venice 1577; Augsburg 1601-1602.

LITERATURE: A. Lambert, `Bero (Augustin)', DDC 2 (1949) 789. Schulte, QL II 355-56.
 
 
 
 

Azo de Ramenghis (d. 1346), a son-in-law of Johannes Andreae, taught at Bologna in 1339. He was also involved in the public life of Bologna as an ambassador for the city. He died in 1346. Often, his siglum is taken for that of the well-known civilian or of the canonist Azo de Lambertaciis, in what makes the identification of his writings difficult.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitiones super libro Decretorum, Early Printed Editions: As part of Azo's Summain Venice 1496; Milan 1507 and 1514; MANUSCRIPT: Vienna, ÖNB lat. (misattributed to Azo Porticus).

2. Quaestiones in ius canonicum; MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 7439; Königsberg, Universitätsbibl. 84 (survival uncertain); and Mainz, Stadtbibl. II 199.

LITERATURE: R. Naz `Azzon de Ramenghis', DDC 1 (1935) 1590. Schulte QL II 243.
 
 
 
 

Bagarotus (see Bertuccio Bagarotti)
 
 
 
 

Baldassare Castelli (de Castello), born at Bologna, became a canon of S. Pietro there in 1451. He began to teach on the decretals the following year, although he did not obtain a doctorate until 1453. To his academic duties, he added the vicariate of the archdeacon of Bologna in 1459. Only for the years 1463-65 and 1466-1475, he appears to have been absent from the Bolognese studium. He died in 1484, without having produced, as it seems, any academic writings.

LITERATURE: M. Speroni, `Castelli, Baldassare', DBI 21 (1978) 684-85.
 
 
 
 

Baldassarre Turrino (Turrinus, Turinius). He came from Pescia. In 1456 he was teaching canon law in Padua.

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 354.
 
 
 
 

Baldus de Ubaldis (Baldus de Perusio, Baldo degli Ubaldi), lived from c. 1327-1400. Baldus, one of the most famous jurists of the Middle Ages, began his studies in his hometown, Perugia. He later went to Pisa, where Bartolus of Sassoferrato was among his teachers in Roman law, and Federicus Petruccius in canon law. The date of Baldus's his doctorate is unknown, but from as early as 1351 we find him as a professor of law at Perugia. Between 1357-58, he was probably at Pisa; 1359-64 at Florence; 1365-76 at Perugia; 1376-79 at Padua; 1379-90 again at Perugia; and 1390-1400 at Pavia where he also held a canon law chair at least from 1395-96. Among Baldus's students were Pierre Roger de Beaufort (Pope Gregory XI) and the jurists Petrus de Ancharano and Paulus de Castro.

In addition to teaching law, Baldus took an active role in political affairs. While at Perugia, he was employed as the advocate of the merchant's guild, held public offices and served on diplomatic missions. After the death of his teacher Bartolus in 1357, Baldus was the most renowned jurist in Europe.

As a canonist, Baldus wrote an incomplete commentary on the Decretales, as well as short works on Liber sextus, and the Clementines. He composed a Margarita to Innocent IV's commentary on the Decretales, Additiones to Guilelmus Durantis's Speculum iudiciale. Baldus wrote a variety of small treatises, but a number of treatises bearing his name are not his work. Baldus also wrote approximately 2,500 Consilia on problems ranging from simple commercial disputes to major political issues such as the Great Schism.

TEXTS:

1. Lectura super Decretalibus (incomplete, omits commentary from X 2.1.12 - X 2.4.1 in medio, only two fragments of Baldus's commentary from X 2.13.11 - 2.14.4 remain in Clm 3629; ends at X 3.2.8); Early Printed Editions: Venice 1500, Venice 1495, Milan 1478, [no location] 1489, Venice 1491, Lyons 1551; Venice 1595 (repr. Torino 1971); MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 3629, fol. 58r-63v; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1059 (to book I); 1047 (to book II). NOTE: The manuscripts may contain different versions of this work.

2. Lectura super Sexto Decretalium, MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2233 (excerpts from V.1-3); Vat. lat. 5925, fol. 1ra-23vb; Vat. Barb lat 1398; Munich, Clm 24164, fol. 48v-85r: Rubric: `Incipit lectura domini Baldi super Sexto', Incipit: `Gratia per papam facta et morte pape') .

3. Lectura super Clementinis, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5925, fol. 42ra-49vb; Vat. Barb. lat. 1398; Munich, Clm 24164, fol. 35r-48r (Rubric: `Baldus super Clementinis: De constitutionibus', incipit: `Constitutiones que occulcantur non ligant etiam si conditor uelit ligare').

4. De regulis iuris, MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5925, fol. 23vb-42ra; Vat. Barb. lat. 1398; Munich, Clm. 24164, fol. 1r-27r (incipit: `Vicarius Iesu Christi qui totius ecclesie monarcha omnium Christianorum supremus et unicus patriarcha in monarchia uero imperii dudum est, quod non multum laboravit ad sui iuris dubia decidenda').

5. Margarita seu repertorium in commentario Innocentii IV, Early Printed Editions: Strasbourg [no date] (Hain 2335), Lyons 1525: Frankfurt 1570; Venice 1570, 1578; Lyons 1578; Torino 1581. MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2363, fol. 65ra-107vb; Vat. lat. 2637, fol. 58ra-109rb, Vat. lat. 2678, fol. 131ra-189ra.

6. Additiones ad Speculum Guillelmi Duranti, Early Printed Editions: Rome [no date], Rome [no date]; MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2342.

7. Apostillae ad glossam ordinariam in Clementinas, MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1398 <see S.Kuttner, `Appostillae'>.

8. Margarita (Repertorium) iuris, Early Printed Editions: Milan 1489, [no location] 1491, Venice 1499, [no location] 1499; MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2637

9. Consilia: Baldus many consilia enjoy a complex history. Manuscript evidence indicates that Baldus revised some of them years after he first drafted them. The history of the printed editions have compounded the problem by printing consilia from different periods in his life. The two earliest editions, Brescia (1490-91) and Venice (1491), seem to derive from earlier versions, while the Milan edition (dated 1489-93, though Pennington has proven that it must have been printed after the Brescia and Venice editions) and all subsequent editions derive from manuscripts which were passed on to a certain Savelli and seem to be from a later period. These editions have many different consilia than in the Brescia/Venice group and are ordered differently. Obviously, a very considerable amount of research needs to be done with the manuscripts of Baldus's consilia as well as the early printed editions to understand their development and meaning. See Pennington, `Consilia', for a more extensive discussion of these problems. Early Printed Editions: Partes consiliorum I-V (Brescia 1490-91); Partes consiliorum I-V (Venice 1491); Partes consiliorum I-V(Milan 1489-1493?); also Lyons 1543; Leiden 1559; Venice 1575 (repr. Torino 1970).

MANUSCRITPS: Chicago, Univ. Regenstein MS 6 (analyzed in BMCL 15 [1985] 95-115. Vatican City, Vat. lat. 8069 (analysed by A. Campitelli - F. Liotta [1961-62], who have also edited four consilia of Baldus, ibid. 403-06, from the same MS, not included in the printed collections as listed ibid. 391 n.24).

9. Tractatus, Early Printed Editions: Lyons 1585; Venice 1615.

LITERATURE: A. Bernal Palacios, `Repertorios del comentario de Inocencio IV a las Decretales de Gregorio IX', Escritos del vedat 17 (1987) 159-160. E. Besta, `Baldo degli Ubaldi', Bollettino della Regia Deputazione di storia patria per l'Umbria 46 (1949) 140-53. C.H. Bezemer, Review of J.Canning, The political thought of Baldus de Ubaldis, TRG 59 (1991) 162-66. Guido Bonolis, `Due consigli inediti de Baldo degli Ubaldi', Diritto commerciale 21, 5-6 (1903) 641-72, 833-66; idem, `Su alcuni consigli inediti di Baldo', Atti del Congresso internazionale di Scienze storiche9 (1903) 213-215; idem, Questioni di diritto internazionale in alcuni consigli inediti di Baldo degli Ubaldi: Testo e commento (Pisa 1908); idem, `La condizione degli oblati secondo un consiglio inedito di Baldo degli Ubaldi', Studi storici e giuridici dedicati ed offerti a Frederico Ciccaglione(Catania 1909) vol. 1, 274-310. Joseph Canning, `The Corporation in the political thought of the Italian jurists of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries', History of Political Thought 1 (1980) 9-32; idem, `A fourteenth-century contribution to the theory of citizenship in he thought of Baldus de Ubaldis', Authority and Power: Studies on Medieval Law and Government Presented to Walter Ullmann on His Seventieth Birthday (Cambridge 1980) 197-212; idem, `Ideas of the state in thirteenth and fourteenth-century Commentators on the Roman law', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 5th series 33 (1983) 1-27; idem, The political thought of Baldus de Ubaldis(Cambridge 1987). A. Campitelli - F. Liotta, `Notizia del Ms. Vat. Lat. 8069', Annali di storia del diritto 5/6 (1961-62) 387-406. G. Chevrier, `Baldi de Ubaldi', DDC 2 (1937) 39-52. Vincenzo Colli, `Baldus de Ubaldis (1327-1400) as canonist', article to appear in Proceedings San Diego(MIC C-9; Vatican City 1992). H. Coing, `Simulatio und Fraus in der Lehre des Bartolus und Baldus', Festschrift Paolo Koschaker, tom. III (Weimar 1938) 402-19. C. Curcio, `La politica di Baldo', Rivista internazionale di filosofia del diritto 17 (1937) 113-39. T.Cuturi, `Baldo degli Ubaldi in Firenze', L'Opera di Baldo 365-95. C. Danusso, Ricerche sulla `Lectura Feudorum' di Baldo degli Ubaldi (Milan 1991). F.Fiumi, `Alcune ricerche sui manoscritti delle opere di Baldo degli Ubaldi nelle principali biblioteche d'Italia', L'Opera di Baldo 397-406. S. Fodale, `Baldo degli Ubaldi difensore di Urbano VI e signore di Biscina', Quaderni medievali 17 (1984) 73-85. M. García Garrido, `Contributo di Baldo alla teoria della "possessio civilissima",' Studi in onore di G. Grosso, tom. II (Turin 1968) 241-48. Max Gutzwiller, `Aus den Anfangen des zwischenstaatlichen Erbrechts: Ein Gutachten des Petrus Baldus de Ubaldis im 1375', Zum schweizerischen Erbrechts, Festschrift zum 70 Geburtstag von Prof. Dr. Peter Tuor (Zurich 1946) 145-78. Norbet Horn, `Philosophie in der Jurisprudenz der Kommentatoren: Baldus philosophus', Ius commune 1 (1967) 104-49; idem, Aequitas in den Lehren des Baldus (Köln-Graz 1968). Thomas Izbicki, `Notes on late medieval jurists: II. Baldus on the Sext', BMCL 4 (1974) 53-54; idem and Julius Kirshner, `Consilia of Baldus of Perugia in the Regenstein library of the University of Chicago', BMCL 15 (1985) 95-115. Julius Kirshner, `Messer Francesco di Bici degli Albergotti d'Arezzo, Citizen of Florence (1350-76)', BMCL 2 (1972) 84-90; idem, `"Ars imitatur naturam": a consilium of Baldus on naturalization in Florence', Viator 5 (1974) 289-331; idem, `Between nature and culture: an opinion of Baldus of Perugia on Venetian citizenship as second nature', Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 9, 2 (1979) 179-208; idem, Review of J. Canning, The political thought of Baldus de Ubaldis, JEH 40 (1989) 418-21; idem and J.Pluss, `Two fourteenth-century opinions on dowries, paraphernalia and non-dotal goods', BMCL 9 (1979) 65-77. Stephan Kuttner, `The Apostillae of Johannes Andreae on the Clementines', Études d'histoire du droit canonique dédiées à Gabriel Le Bras (Paris 1965) I 195-201. P. Lally, `New light on the birth and death of Baldus de Ubaldis', The two laws: Studies in medieval legal history dedicated to Stephan Kuttner, ed. L.Mayali, S.Tibbetts (Washington 1990) 209-20. H.Lange, `Die Consilien des Baldus de Ubaldis (+1400)', Akademie der Wisenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz (Akademie der Geistes-und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse) 12 (1973) 3-47. Domenico Maffei, `La biblioteca di Gimignano Inghirami e la "Lectura Clementinarum" di Simone de Borsano', Proceedings Stasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 217-36 at 227-28; idem, `Giuristi medievali e falsificazioni editoriali del primo cinquecento: Iacopo de Belvisio in Provenza?', Ius Commune Sonderheft: Texte und Monografien 10 (Frankfurt 1979) at 26-33, 71-74 and Appendice IV: `Su alcuni nodi della biografia di Baldo degli Ubaldi'. Kenneth Pennington, `The Consilia of Baldus de Ubaldis', TRG 56 (1988) 85-92. H.Peter, `Baldus de Ubaldis', HRG 2 (1965) 285. V. Piergiovanni, `La "peregrinatio bona" dei mercanti medievali: a proposito di un commento di Baldo degli Ubaldi a X 1.34', ZRG. Kan. Abt. 74 (1988) 348-56. J.A. Pluss, `Baldus de Ubaldis of Perugia on dominium over Dotal property', TRG 52 (1984) 399-412; idem, `Reading Case Law Historically, A Consilium of Baldus de Ubaldis on Widows and Dowries', American Journal of Legal History 30 (1986) 241-65. J. Portemer, Recherches sur les `Differentiae iuris civilis et canonici au temps du droit classique de l'Église (Paris 1946) 70-78. D. Quaglioni, `Un "Tractatus de Tyranno": il commento di Baldo degli Ubaldi (1327?-1400) alla lex Decernimus, C. De sacrosanctis eclesiis (C.1,2,16)', Il pensiero politico 13, 1 ((1980) 64-77; idem, `"Inter Iudeos et Christianos commertia sunt permissa", "Questione ebraica" e usura in Baldo degli Ubaldi (c.1327-1400)', Aspetti e problemi dlla presenza ebraica nell'Italia centro-settentrionale secoli XIV-XV (Quaderni dell Istituto di scienze storiche dell'Universitá di Roma 2; Rome 1983) 273-305. V.N. Rizzo `Baldo degli Ubaldi', Annuario di diritto internazionale(1966) 359-70. Jolande Rummer, `A fourteenth-century legal opinion', Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress 25, 3 (1968) 179-93. O.Scalvanti, ed. L'Opera di Baldo, per cura dell'Università di Perugia nel V centenario dalla morte del grande giureconsulto (Annali dell'Università di Perugia Facoltà di Giurisprudenza 10-11: Perugia 1901) <elsewhere cited as L'Opera di Baldo>. `Notizie e documenti sulla vita di Baldo, Angelo e Pietro degli Ubaldi', L'Opera di Baldo 181-359. A.Solmi, `Di un'opera attribuita a Baldo', Archivio giuridico, `Filippo Serafini', 77 (1901) 401-34. I. Tarducci, `Il tempo di Baldo e lo spirito della sua scuola', L'Opera di Baldo 409-66. Walter Ullmann, Origins of the Great Schism (London 1948) at 143-60. idem, `Baldus' conception of law', Law Quarterly Review 58 (1942) 386-99. V. Valentini, `Il tractatus de tabellionibus di Baldo degli Ubaldi, giá attribuito a Bartolo da Sassoferrato nonché a Gozzadino de' Gozzadini', Studi urbinati (1965-66) 1-167. G. Vismara, `I patti successori nella dottrina di Baldo', Studi in onore di B. Biondi, tom. III (Milan 1965) 39-123. J.A.Wahl, `Baldus de Ubaldis' concept of state: A study in fourteenth-century legal theory', (Ph.D. Dissertation: University of St. Louis 1968); idem, `Immortality and inalienability: Baldus de Ubaldis', Mediaeval Studies 32 (1970) 308-28; idem, `Baldus de Ubaldis: A study in reluctant conciliarism', Manuscripta 18 (1974) 21-29; idem, `Baldus de Ubaldis and the foundations of the nation-state', Manuscripta 21 (1977) 80-96.
 
 
 
 

Baptista (Trovamala) de Salis (fl. 1480-90), a Franciscan, published a confessional Summa in two recensions under different titles, first as the Summa baptistina (1483), then as Summa rosella . The works deals with problems of confession and presents them under alphabetically arranged headings. Main source of Baptista was Nicolas de Ausimo.

TEXTS: 1. Summa baptistiniana, Early Printed Editions: Neuss 1484; Venetia 1485; Lyons 1488; Nürnberg 1488; Speyer 1488.

2. Summa rosella, Early Printed Editions: Pavia 1489; Venice 1495, 1499, 1548; Paris 1515; Strasbourg 1516, 1586.

LITERATURE: J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientiae)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 27 (1906) 431-34. Julius Kirshner, `A "Consilium" of Angelo da Chivasso on the Monte delle doti of Florence', Proceedings Salamanca(MIC C-6; Vatican City 1980) 435-41. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 98-99. J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores ordinis minorum I (Rome 1908) 113. Schulte, QL II 448-50. A. Teetaert, `Baptiste de Sale (de Salis) ou Bapstiste Trovamala', DDC 2 (1937) 201-3.
 
 
 
 

Baptista Sampieri, teacher of Andreas de Barbatia, lectured on law at Bologna from 1424.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 307.
 
 
 
 

Baptista de Sancto Petro (see Baptista Sampieri).
 
 
 
 

'Barbonus' Morosini. A Venetian. In 1443, he was teaching canon law in Padua, perhaps as successor of Alberto Porcellini.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 353.
 
 
 
 

Bartholomaeus Bellencinus (1428-1478), a pupil of Francesco Aretinus, taught at Ferrara, where Felino Sandeo was his most renowned student, and Bologna. His career ended at the Roman Rota, where he had served as an auditor.

TEXTS: 1. Apostillae sive annotationes ad commentaria Abbatis Panormitani et Antonii de Butrio, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1485, 1487 (Hain 2759-60).

2. Tractatus de caritativo subsidio et decima beneficiorum, Early Printed Editions: Modena 1489 (Hain 2761); Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) XV.2, fol. 147.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 330.
 
   
 

Bartholomaeus Caepolla (Cipolla). Born at Verona, c. 1420, B. began his juridical studies at Bologna under the civilians Floriano da San Pietro and Angelo Gambiglioni d'Arezzo, and the canonist Giovanni d'Anania. Therafter, he moved to Padua where he studied under Paolo da Castro, Francesco Capodilista and Iacopo Alvarotti. He obtained his doctorate at Padua in 1445 in utroque iure. Since then he lectured as a professor of civil law. In 1449-50, he taught at Ferrara, but he soon moved to his native city. In Verona he took an active role in civic affairs and practiced law. In 1458 he returned to teach in Padua, at first alternatively canon and civil law, then civil law only (since 1470). By 1459 he was named a consistorial advocate. B. was also an official representative of the Venetian governement to the Diet of Regensburg. He abandoned teaching in 1475 to be replaced by Antonio Francesco Dottori and died at Padua in the same year.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitio in De testamentis et ultimis voluntatibus (X 3.26), MANUSCRIPTS: London, Brit. Libr. Arundel 421.

2. Cautelae, Early Printed Editions: First part: Lyons 1475; Louvain 1486 = Louvain 1487 = Antwerp 1490; first and second part (1459/72): Perugia 1473-1474 (GW 6474, IGI 2685) = Milan 1475 = Rome 1479 = Rome 1480 = Pavia 1480 = Venice 1485 = Venice 1488 = Pavia 1492 = Venice 1493 = Venice 1498 (GW 6475-79, 6499-6500, 6502, 6504); Strasbourg 1490 (= Louvain 1476 for part I) = Lyons 1491 = Lyons 1493-94 = Lyons 1495 = Lyons 1500; Lyons 1535, 1543, 1550, 1552; Venice 1563; Strasbourg 1665.

MANUSCRIPTS: First part (1459): Freiburg/B., Universitätsbibl. 233; Munich, Clm 5357; Clm 14195; 23902; Trier, Stadtbibl. 983/918; Verona, Bibl. Commun. 91.5.

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Brescia 1490 (GW 6489, IGI 2690: Consilia criminalia); Milan 1497 (GW 6490, IGI 2691: Consilia criminalia); Milan 1497 (Consilia civilia); Lyons 1531; Lyons 1533 (Consilia civilia); Lyons 1541; Venice 1555 (Consilia criminalia); Venice 1575; Verona 1589 (Consiliorum sive responsorum liber secundus); Frankfurt 1599. MANUSCRIPTS: Ravenna, Bibl, Classense, MS 450, fol. 375r-381v; MS 485, vol. IV, fol. 186v-187v, 234r-236v; Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, Cod. Lat. V. II. [=2324], fol. 48r-52v, 57r-59r, 338v-341r, 356v-365r; Verona, Bibl. civica, MS 2195; in the same library there is also a volume (MS 2895) with the drafts of 34 Consilia given in 1465. Besides, we can find a subscriptio of B. to a Consilium of Francesco Alvarotti in the collection of G. B. Ziletti, Criminalium consiliorum atque responsorum primum volumen, Venice 1562, p. 167. The same subscriptio appears also after two Consilia of Tartagni (Consiliorum volumen I, Tridini 1522, cons. 3, fol 7r; cons. 5, fol. 9v).

4. Consiliorum Pauli de Castro editio

Early Printed Edition: Venice 1475 (BMC V 259, IGI 7272).

5. De cognitione librorum iuris canonici

Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) I, fol. 184v-186r; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) I, fol. 181v-183r.

MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 14533; Padua, Bibl. Univ. n. provv. 275.

6. De prescriptionibus

MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6585.

7. Ordo iudiciarius

MAUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 14533.

8. Tractatus

MANUSCRIPT: Nürnberg, Stadtbibl. Cent. VI 7.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 153-61. J. Bonet Correa, `La constitución tacita de las servidumbres en el Derecho común', Anuario de historia del derecho español 37 (1967) 531-551. B. Brugi, `Cipolla Bartolomeo', Enciclopedia italiana 10 (Rome 1931) 386-87. K. Bukowska Gorgoni, `Eine Studie zur Arbeitsmethode der italienischen Juristen des XV. Jahrhunderts: Die Traktate von Martinus Laudensis "De dignitate" und Bartholomeus Cepolla "De imperatore militum deligendo",' Ius commune 7 (1978) 50-80. P. Liver, `Die vom 15. bis 19. Jahrhundert meistgedruckte juristische Monographie: Bartholomaei Caepolae Veronensis i. c. clarissimi Tractatus de servitutibus tam urbanorum quam rusticorum praediorum, 1473-1859', ZRG Rom. Abt. 99 (1982) 326-31. A. Mazzacane, `Lo Stato e il dominio nei giuristi veneti durante il "secolo della terraferma",' in Storia della cultura veneta III: Dal primo Quattrocento al Concilio di TrentoI (Vicenza 1980) 595-605. O. Rufffino, `Cipolla (Caepolla, Cepola, Cepolla, Cevola, Zevola), Bartolomeo (Bartolomeo da Verona, Bartholomaeus Veronensis)', DBI 25 (1981) 709-13. A. Sartori, Documenti padovani sull'arte della stampa nel sec. XV, in Libri e stampatori in Padova, Miscellanea di studi in onore di G. Bellini, tipografo editore libraio (Padua 1959) 11-231. F. Todescan, `Logica e "scientia iuris" a Padova nel Quattrocento. il De interpretatione legis extensiva di Bartolomeo Cepolla', in Scienza e filosofia all'Università di Padova nel Quattrocento, A. Poppi editor (Contributi alla storia dell'Università di Padova 15, Padova 1983) 463-89.
 
 
   

Bartholomaeus de Chaimis (d. 1496) was author of a confessional manual he completed towards the end of the 15th century. It is based in particular on his predecessors, Antoninus of Florence and Ange of Chiavasso.

TEXTS: Confessionale (or Interrogatorium), Early Printed Editions: Milan 1474, 1476, 1478, 1482; Basel [1475]; Strasbourg [1475]; Nürnberg 1477; Mainz 1478; Augsburg 1491; Venice 1486 (Hain 2475-89); MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 17405; Oxford, Bodl. Lib. Misc. can. 108.

LITERATURE: P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge(Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 76. J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores ordinis minorumI (Rome 1908) 119. Schulte, QL II 453-54. A. Teetaert, `Barthélemy de Chaimis ou de Milan', DDC 2 (1937) 207-10.
 
 
 
 

Bartholomaeus Pisanus de Sancto Concordio (d. 1347), a Dominican, composed around 1338 a confessional Summa. It was intended to complete and update the Summa confessorum of Johannes of Freiburg and arranged in an alphabetical format. According to its brevity and origin it came to be known as the Pisanella.

TEXTS (no other than those on confession):

1. Summa de casibus conscientie (Pisanella)

Early Printed Editions: s.l. 1493 etc. (Hain 2524-29); a Spanish version appeared in Zamora, ca. 1482; a partial, Italian version in Venice 1846, 1868.

LITERATURE: J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientiae)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 27 (1906) 166-70. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 157-68. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 60-62. Schulte, QL II 428-29. A. Teetaert, `Barthélemy de Pise ou De San Concordio', DDC 2 (1937) 213-16.
 
 
 
 

Bartholomaeus de Sancto Concordio (see Bartholomaeus Pisanus).
 
 
 
 

Bartholomeus de Saliceto. canonist teaching at Bologna c.1360. d.1412. Petrus Ancharano was his student.

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: Berthe Marti, `Gomez versus the Spanish College at Bologna', Didascaliae: Studies in Honor of Anselm Albareda, ed. S.Prete (New York 1961) 293-319.
 
 
 
 

Bartolomeo Barbazza, son of Andrea Barbatius, was teaching canon law in Bologna from 1497 to 1503.

LITERATURE: F. Liotta, `Barbazza, Andrea', DBI 6 (1964) 147.
 
 
 
 

Bartolomeo Capodilista. A Paduan. Around 1427, he was teaching either Roman or canon law in his native city, which he continued to do over a period of thirty years.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 345, 350.
 
 
 
 

Bartolomeo Sozzini (Socinus), the son of Marianus senior and uncle of Marianus iunior (1482-1556), both renowned jurists, was born at Siena in 1436. B. studied in Siena under his father and Tommaso Decio; he studied also at Bologna under Alexander Tartagnus and Andreas Barbatius, and at Pisa under Francesco Accolti d'Arezzo. He began teaching in Siena where he read canon law in 1471. In that year he moved to Ferrara where he taught until 1473. During those years 1471-73, B. held disputations at Padua, Pavia and Turin. Then he moved to Pisa, where he lived until 1494, and then on to Bologna, where he lived from 1496 to 1498. Thereafter, he accepted a position as teacher of civil law at the University of Padua for three years. In 1501, he returned, imporverished, to Siena, where he died in 1507. His unsteady life and character made him one of the great Renaissance figures of the legal profession. His writings, though in large part civilian, occasionally touch upon matters of canon law, especially in his consilia and questiones.

TEXTS: 1. Additiones ad Mariani Socini senioris, in aliquot singulares et in praxi lucrosissimos titulos Decretalium, Early Printed Edition: Frankfurt 1583.

2. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Lyons 1525-1531, 1546, 1551, 1566; Venice 1571, 1594; Cologne 1663.

3. Quaestiones disputatae Senis sub Bartholomeo Socino, anno 1459, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna, 207.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 168-72. L. Chiappelli, `Firenze e la scienza del diritto nel periodo del Rinascimento', in Archivio giuridico 28 (1882) 451-86. E. Besta, `Socini Bartolomeo', EI 31 (1936) 1015. V. Colli, `La laurea di Mariano Sozzini il Giovane', Studi senesi92 (1980) 470-78; idem, `Sozzini Bartolomeo', in NDI 17, 782. J.A. Tedeschi, `Notes toward a Geneology of the Sozzini family', Italian Reformation Studies in honor of Laelius Socinus, ed. J.A.Tedeschi (U.d. Siena, Collana di Studi `Pietro Rossi' N.S. 4: Florence 1965) 275-311..
 
 
 
 

Bartolomeo Talayero, a theologian, composed a confessional treatise in Catalan, in 1474. He appears in the registers of the University of Salamanca between 1467 and 1472.

TEXT: Confesión, MANUSCRIPT: Madrid, BN lat. 10571, fol. 1v-95r.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 243; idem, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 5 (Salamanca 1976) 360.
 
 
 
 

Bartolomeo da Urbino was teaching Roman law in Padua by 1486. In 1501-1502, he changed his position and taught canon law. B. held this position until 1509, when the lessons at the University were stopped for several years on account of war, until he resumed teaching (1517-18) and held his position until 1527. B. died in Padua in 1528.

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 172-73.
 
 
 
 

Bartolomeo Zabarella (de Zabarellis), born at Padua in 1400, was a nephew of the famous Franciscus Cardinal Zabarella. In 1422-1423 he was teaching canon law at Padua; from 1418-1419 and from 1429-1438, he witnessed exams at the same University. He was also the author of consilia and attented the Council of Florence as Bishop of Split (1428-39) and later of Florence. This position he held until his death in 1445. Pope Eugene IV also sent him as his ambassador to France and Spain.

TEXTS: 1. Commentaria et repetitiones

2. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) I, n.53; MANUSCRIPT: Ravenna, Class. 485, vol. VII.

3. De iure patronatus.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 323. G. Vedova, Biografia degli scrittori padovani, I-II (Padua 1832-1836; repr. Bologna 1967) 424-27. A. Sottili, Studenti tedeschi e Umanesimo italiano nell'Università di Padova durante il Quattrocento I: Pietro del Monte nella società accademica padovana (1430-1433) (Contributi alla storia dell'Università di Padova 7, Padua 1971) 25-28. M. Watanabe, `Authority and consent in Church governement: Panormitanus, Aeneas Sylvius, Cusanus', Journal of the History of Ideas 33 (1972) 217-36.
 
 
 
 

Beltran de Tarragona, a Hospitaller who studied law at Lérida. He received the doctorate in canon law in 1349. He was abbot of the Hospitaller Church at Ballovar and, by 1350, a royal consellero.

LITERATURE: Anthony Luttrell, `Fourteenth century Hospitaller Lawyers', Traditio 21 (1965) 449-56.
 
 
 
 

Beltrominus, Bishop of Bologna, was a papal auditor who, together with Guido de Baysio, issued a set of statutes for his court, the Audientia litterarum contradictarum, in 1311.

TEXT: Ordines et provisiones, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 3986.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 190.
 
 
 
 

Benedict XIII (Petrus de Luna) was the last Avignonese pope during the Great Schism (1394-1417). Born in Aragón, ca. 1342/43, Petrus had studied canon law at Montpellier since 1361 and is said to have lectured there on the Decretum in the 1370's. In 1375, he was made cardinal, whence he played a prominent part in the turbulent papal elections of 1378. His juridical training is reflected in his writings as a cardinal and pope, which altogether defend the position of the Avignonese papacy. Petrus died in 1422. A treatise of the thirteenth century had been attributed to him (Stella clericorum), but Eric H. Reiter has proven that this work cannot be Petrus de Luna's (For bibliographical reference to Reiter's work, see Pedro Fernández de Villegas, below)

TEXTS: 1. De horis canonicis (in various recensions), MANUSCRIPTS: Cordoba, Bibl. del Cab. 100 (third item); Oviedo, Cat. 22, fol. 49ra-53va; Salamanca, Univ. 2761, fol. 126va-131va; Segovia, Bibl. del Cab. Virt. 19 n.11, fol. 74ra-78ra.

2. Repetitio in cap. Sicut stellas (D.38 c.8), MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard Law School Lib. 192, fol. 195ra-200rb; Budapest, Univ. 55, fol. 88r-93r; Salamanca, Univ. 2761, fol. 121ra- 26va; Vatrican City, Vat. Borgh. lat. 378, fol. 122v-32r.

3. Tractatus de concilio generali, MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, B.N. lat. 4171, fol. 1-145, lat. 4174, fol. 126-255; Salamanca, Univ. 1810, fol. 1-96v, 1760, fol. 1r-97v; Tours, B.M. 238; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 4124, fol. 1-186.

LITERATURE: F. Aznar Gil, `Concilio provincial de Zaragoza celebrado por Pedro López de Luna, 24 abril de 1342', Escrits del vedat 10 (1980) 77-95. F. Ehrle, `Die kirchenrechtlichen Schriften Peters von Luna (Benedikts XIII.)', Archiv für Literatur und Kirchengeschichte des Mittelalters 7 (1900) 515-75. A. García y García, `Notas sobre la canonistica iberica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 166-67; idem and F. Marcos Rodríguez, `Un tratado desconocido de Benedicto XIII', Miscellanea Cardinal Giuseppe Siri, ed. R. Belvederi (Genova 1973) 33-40. (In which Stella clericorum is attributed to Petrus; García y García retracted the attribution in 'Manuscritos de la "Stella clericorum",' De la iglesia y de Navarra: Estudios en honor del Prof. Goñi Gaztambide, ed. José Ignacio Saranyana [Pamplona 1984] 155-64 at 156). A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de la Ciencias Eclesiasticas en Espana 2 (Salamanca 1971) 206-07, 5 (1976) 385-86; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 244. D. Girgensohn, `Ein Schisma ist nicht zu beenden ohne die Zustimmung der konkurrierenden Päpste. Die juristische Argumentation Benedikts XIII. (Pedro de Lunas)', AHP 27 (1989) 197-247.

Information provided on Stella clericorum by Eric H. Reiter, Concordia University
 
 
 
 

Benedictus Capra (de Benedictis) was born at Perugia in the 1390's. Little is known about his legal studies, and he first appears as a judge of his native commune in 1420. Most likely, he studied under Johannes de Imola at Bologna, whom he once mentioned as his teacher. He himself began to lecture at Perugia in 1422, first on the Liber sextus, since 1438 until his death (1470) on the Decretales (X). During these almost fifty years, produced a vast literature, including several revisions of his Lecture. His numerous consilia, moreover, reveal his involvement in the civic affairs of his hometown. By the end of his life, he was not only among the most famous jurists of Italy, but had also become one of the wealthiest citizens of Perugia.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura in sextum, MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 116 (incomplete); Gerona, Bibl. Cap. 34-35 (dated 1431); Lucca, Bibl. cap. 278 (on VI 1-2), 210 (on VI 3-5); Perugia, Bibl. comm. 2827; Ravenna, Bibl. Class. 373/3 (dated 1426); Vatican City, Vat. lat. 11501 (on VI 3-4), Barb. lat. 1656 (on VI 3-4, dated 1468-70).

2. Lectura in libros decretalium, MANUSCRIPTS: a) on X 1 only: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 84, 113; Lucca, Bibl. Cap. 208; Naples, Bibl. naz. XIII.A.19; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 4914; b) on X 2 only: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 86; Naples, Bibl. naz. I.A.19; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 4915; Vat. lat. 2282; Vat. Barb. lat. 1416; Vat. Chigi E.VII.209 (on X 2.19); Washington, Catholic Univ. 182. c) X 3 only: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 85, 86, 115; Lucca, Bibl. cap. 209; Naples, Bibl. naz. VII.D.76; Rome, Bibl. Casanat. 461; d) X 3-5 only: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 115.

3. Lectura in Clementinas, Early Printed Edition: Repetitionum ad constitutiones Clementis papaeVI (Venice 1587). MANUSCRIPTS: A. complete: Lucca, Bibl. cap. 210-11; B. on Clem. 2-3 only: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 86 (incomplete); Naples, Bibl. naz. VII.D.77;

4. Tractatus varii juridici (X 2.22-30), MANUSCRIPTS: Lucca, Bibl. cap. 441; Perugia, Bibl. comm. 48, fol. 1ra-171ra; Vatican City, Vat. Barb. lat. 1419.

5. Explanatio in tit. de iudiciis (X 2.1) et in cap. Quintavallis (X 2.24.23)

MANUSCRIPTS: Lucca, Bibl. cap. 375; Naples, Bibl. naz. IV.H.21, VII.D.76; Perugia, Bibl. comm. 48, fol. 171ra-93v.

6. Consilia, MANUSCRIPTS: see DBI 19 (1976) 117; Early Printed Edition: Perugia 1476 (ed. by Filippo, his son); Pavia 1498; Venice 1501, 1576; Lyons 1556.

LITERATURE: U. Nicolini, `Capra, Benedetto', DBI 19 (1976) 113-18. P. Palazzini, `Benedictus de Benedictis seu Capra', Apollinaris 19 (1946) 259-72. Schulte, QL II 344-45.
 
 
 
 

Benedictus Petruccius taught, according to the University records, at Padua in 1380.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 237 n.7.
 
 
 
 

Benedictus de Vadis de Forosempronii, professor utriusque iuris, wrote Apostillae to the commentary on the decretals (book 4) by Johannes Antonius de S. Georgio, which were printed together at Lyons at an uncertain date (early 16th century).

TEXT: Apostillae quartum librum decretalium, Early Printed Edition: Lyons s.a.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 340 n.6.
 
 
 
 

Berengario Columbi taught at the University of Lérida and left a repetitio on Gratian, D.1 c.7, which cites Johannes Andreae (d. 1348) as the most recent author.

TEXT: Repetitio (on D.1 c.7), MANUSCRIPT: Seo de Urgel, Bibl. del Cabildo 2099, fol. 95ra-108vb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de la Ciencias Eclesiasticas en Espana I (Salamanca 1967) 185-86; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 228.
 
 
 
 

Bérenger de Frédol (Berengarus Fredoli) B. was born at Lavérune (Hérault). Since Guilelmus de Mandagoto mentions him as his teacher, he must have spent some of his earlier years as a teacher of canon law at Bologna. His most important student was Guielmus de Mandagato. B. also seems to have taught at Paris. He received the bishopric of Beziers in 1294. From there he embarked on an ecclesiastical career and soon became an important curial official. Another indication of an earlier legal training, B. was one of the editors of the Liber sextus (1298). He was later elevated to the cardinalate by Clement V in 1305 and promoted Cardinal bishop of Tusculum in 1309. During the pontificate of Clement V, B. was deeply involved in the proceedings against the Templars. He died at Avignon in 1323.

TEXTS: De excommunicatione et interdicto, MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. Quart. lat. 190, fol. 66v-86r; Basel C. V. 35; Paris, B.N. lat. 3968, fol. 177r-182r;  Paris, B.N. lat. 12467, lat. 15415; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1295; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 349, fol. 62-72; Wroclaw, Univ. II F. 116; Würzburg, Universitätsbibl. Mp. th. f. 55. EDITION: Le "Liber de excommunicacione" du cardinal Bérenger Frédol: Précéde d'une introduction historique sur l'excommunication et l'interdit en droit canonique de Gratien à la fin du XIIIe siècle par Eugène Vernay (Paris 1912) pp. 24-58

2. Tractatus de absolutione ad cautelam, MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 15415. EDITION: Le 'Liber de excommunicacione' du Cardinal Bérenger Frédol, ed. E. Vernay (Paris 1912) pp. 1-18

3. Oculus copiose or Oculus seu elucidarius Summae Hostiensis (alphabetical guide to the Summa of Hostiensis), MANUSCRITPS: Arras, Bibl. Munic. 474; Breslau, Univ. II F. 98; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 317; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 386; Prague, Kap. C. 43; Troyes, Bibl. Munic. 877.

4. Inventarium speculi iudicialis (A register to the Speculum of Guilelmus Durantis) MANUSCRIPTS: Frankfurt am Main, Stadt- und Universitätsbibl. Barth. 13, fol. 1r-64v

5. Inventarium iuris canonici (on the Decretum, Liber extra, and Liber sextus)

6. Dicta dominii Berengarii episcopi Tusculani in Cum inter nonnullos (1323) is misattributed in Vat lat. 3740, fol. 2r.  The author of the text is Bertrand de la Tour.  See Patrick Nold, Pope John XXII and His Franciscan Cardinal:  Bertrand de la Tour and the Apostolic Poverty Controversy (Oxford Historical Monographs, Oxford 2003) 121-125.  EDITION: F. Tocco, La questione della povertà nel secolo XIV (Naples 1910) 143-152.  Early Printed Editions: Rome 1474; Milan 1478 (Hain 6509-10).

7. Summula in foro poenitentiali (authorship uncertain)

MANUSCRIPTS: Listed (distiguishing two recensions) by P. Michaud-Quantin, SG 11 (1967) 166-67.

MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. Lat. fol. 234; Frankfurt, Stadtbibl. 13; Montpellier, Bibl. Munic. H.20; Paris, B.N. lat. 4469, lat. 12460, lat. 15415, lat. 15417; Toulouse, Univ. A.4; Troyes, Bibl. Munic. 604, 680, 681; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1295; Wroclaw, Univ. II. F.110.

LITERATURE: P. Michaut-Quantin, `La "Summula in foro poenitentiali" attribuée à Berenger Fredol', SG 11 (1967) 145-67. Guillaume Mollat, `Frédol (Bérenger)', DDC 5 (1953) 906-07. Schulte, QL II 180-82.  Le "Liber de excommunicacione" du cardinal Bérenger Frédol: Précéde d'une introduction historique sur l'excommunication et l'interdit en droit canonique de Gratien à la fin du XIIIe siècle par Eugène Vernay.  H. Van de Wouw, Frédol, Berengar', LMA 4.4 (1988) 885. Paul Viollet, `Bérenger Frédol, Canoniste', HLF 34 (1915) 62-178.
 
 
 
 

Bernardino di Andrea (see Bernardo Tizzoni)
 
 
 
 

Bernardinus de Feltro, a Franciscan, is mentioned by the canonist Petrus Ravennas (d. c. 1508) as his teacher.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 404 n.
 
 
 
 

Bernardin of Siena (1380-1444), a Franciscan who was later canonized as a saint (1450), wrote, besides many other moral and theological works, two confessional treatises in Italian, a Miroirand, more developed, the so-called Renovamini.

TEXTS: (confessional only) 1. Miroir de la confession, EDITION: D. Pacetti, Operette volgari di San Bernardino (Florence 1938).

2. Renovamini, EDITION: D. Pacetti, Operette volgari (1938).

LITERATURE: D. Pacetti, `Le opere volgari sulla confessione attributi a San Bernardino da Siena', Studi francescani (1934) 451-79. Schulte, QL II 442-43.
 
 
 
 

Bernardo Buzzacarini. A Paduan. In 1477, he was teaching either civil or can law in his native city.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 348, 355.
 
 
 
 

Bernardo Gil, born in Valencia about 1473, B. obtained his doctorate in 1494. He may have taught canon law at Padua in 1493-94, whereas in 1491-92 and perhaps in the following academic year B. taught Roman law at the same University.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi, 321, 329, 337. L. Rizzoli, `Le case dei nobili Capodivacca e lo Studio di Padova', Archivio veneto tridentino 1 (1922) 237-44. E. Veronese, `Spagnoli e portoghesi all'Università di Padova nel ventennio 1490-1510', Quaderni per la storia dell'Università di Padova 11 (1978) 39-83.
 
 
 
 

Bernardo Oliver, born at Valencia, entered the Augustinian order before 1310. He studied and taught theology at Paris, before he went to the University to Valencia in 1420. He became bishop of Huesca in 1336, then of Barcelona (1344) and Tortosa (146). He died in 1348. His works are largely theological, except a concordance between biblical doctrine and the doctrine expressed in canonical decrees.

TEXT: Concordancie decretorum cum Biblia, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 50, fol. 65ra-114ra.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de la Ciencias Eclesiasticas en Espana I (Salamanca 1967) 186-88.
 
 
 
 

Bernardo Tizzoni, a native from Ravenna, taught civil or canon law at Padua, 1496-1502. Perhaps, he can be identified with Bernardino di Andrea, who received a degree in canon law in 1501.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 349, 355.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus Balbus was included by J. v. Schulte (1875) as a 14th c. author of a collection of excerpts from the Decretum. S. Kuttner (1937) correctly identified him as Bernardus Papiensis (d. 1213).

LITERATURE: Kuttner, Repertorium 333. Schulte, QL II 368.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus de Bisigneto, active as an advocate at the Roman Rota, provided a collection of Decisiones Rotae (after 1376) which was intended to supplement the earlier work of Aegidius Bellamera.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 69.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus de Bosqueto (Cahors) (†1371 Avignon) B. studied law at Toulouse. He served as a papal chaplain and an auditor of the sacri palatii. B. also served as an inquisitor in various parts of France in 1364. He was made archbishop of Naples in 1365. In the same year, B. was commissioned to establish the Studium Romanum by Pope Urban V. B. was elevated to the cardinalate in 1368.

TEXTS: Conclusiones seu decisiones de consiliis uenerabilem uirorum dominorum sacri palatii apostolici causarum auditorum (c.1355-65)

LITERATURE: G. Mollat, DHGE 8 (1935) 598-99.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus Guidonis, born in the diocese of Limoges, ca. 1261-62, entered the Dominican order in 1279 and served as the prior of several convents in the region. From 1306-24, he was inquisitorial judge in Toulouse, where he gained many insights into the practical aspects of contemporary judicial practice. His handbook for inquisitors reflects that experience. He also held high positions as the representative of his order in Rome. In 1324, he became bishop of Tuy, later of Lodève. He died in 1331.

TEXTS (juridical ones only):

1. Practica officii inquisitionis

EDITION: C. Douais (Paris 1886).

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 205-26. Schulte, QL II 202-03. A. Thomas, `Bernard Gui, frère Prêcheur', HLF 35 (1921) 139-232.
 
 
   

Bernardus de Landriano, a doctor utriusque iuris at Padua, wrote additiones to the Lectura on the Decretals of Nicolaus de Tudeschis, printed In Lyons, 1524.

TEXT: Additiones to the Lectura Panormitani, Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1524.

LITERATUR: Schulte, QL II 313 n.5.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus Maynardi, who called himself doctor decretorum, wrote an apparatus to the Clementines (shortly after 1322?). He was a pupil of Johannes Andreae, and his work included many excerpts of Johannes, as well as of Guilelmus de Monte Lauduno.

MANUSCRIPTS: Prague, Kap. I.21, fol. 1ra-35rb.

LITERATURE: J. Kejr, `Der Apparat zu den Klementinen von Bernardus Maynardi', BMCL 13 (1983) 49-56.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus de Monte Faventino is mentioned by Tommaso Diplovataccio (1511) as the possible author of a commentary on the Clementines. Kejr (1983) suggests that the reference in question rather points to Bernardus Maynardi.

LITERATURE: Thomas Diplovatatius, De claris iurisconsultis II, ed. F. Schulz - H. Kantorowicz - G. Rabotti (SG 10; Bologna 1968) 255, 269. J. Kejr, `Der Apparat zu den Klementinen von Bernardus Maynardi', BMCL 13 (1983) 53 n.16.
 
 
 
 

Bernardus Oliverii is the author of a concordance of the biblical passages to be found in the Decretum (ca. 1330).

TEXT: 1. Concordance of biblical references in the Decretum, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coolegio do Spagna 50, fol. 65-114.

LITERATURE: J. Tarrant, `Life and works of Jesselin de Cassagnes', BMCL 9 (1979) 63. Repertorio de las ciencias eclesiasticas en Espana 2 (Salamanca 1971) 189.
 
 

Bernardus Raimundi Maioricensis was archdeacon of Maiorca and professor of canon law at Montpellier during the first few years of the 14th century. Bernardus wrote an apparatus on Liber sextus (1305/06), which he revised before 1311, this time using the recently published commentary of Johannes Andreae. The work reflects a great interest in judicial matters.

TEXTS: 1. Apparatus in librum sextum, MANUSCRIPTS: A. first recension: Paris, B.N. lat. 4089, fol. 1ra-73vb; Philadelphia, Univ. Lib. 114; B. second recension: Bologna, Collegio di Spagna 217, fol. 69vb-118rb; Paris, B.N. lat. 4088, fol. 1ra-61va.

LITERATURE: Francisco Cantelar Rodríguez, `El apparatus de Bernardo Raimundo al libro sexto de Bonifacio VIII', Proceedings Salamanca (MIC C-6; Vatican City 1980) 213-58. A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de la Ciencias Eclesiasticas en Espana I (Salamanca 1967) 421-22, 2 (1971) 188. A. Gouron, `A note on Bernaruds Raimundi Maioricensis', Traditio 25 (1969) 518. S. Kuttner, `Brief notes', Traditio 24 (1968) 505-06.
 
 
 
 

Berthold of Freiburg, successor to the author of the famous Summa confessorum, Johannes, as prior of the Dominican convent at Freiburg, he wrote, beside other commentaries and treatises, a German alphabetical adaptation of Johannes's confessional Summa, which was aptly called Johannes deutsch, i.e. `in German'.

TEXTS: Johannes deutsch, Early Printed Editions: Augsburg 1472 etc. (Hain 7367-77).

LITERATURE: O. Geiger, `Studien über Bruder Berthold', Freiburger Diozäsan-Archiv 48 (1920) 1-54. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 238-39. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 48. Schulte, QL II 423. R. Stanka, Die Summa Bertholds von Freiburg (Vienna 1937). W. Trusen, ZRG Kan. Abt. 57 (1971) 98-106.
 
 
 
 

Bertrand, Bishop of Embrun, was a papal auditor who, together with Guido de Baysio, issued a set of statutes for his court, the Audientia litterarum contradictarum, in 1311.

TEXT: Ordines et provisiones, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 3986.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 190.
 
 
 
 

Bertrand de Got (see Clement V, Pope)
 
 
 
 

Bertrandus de S. Genesio, licentiatus in utroque iure, lectured on canon law as a substitute to Guilelmus de Monte Lauduno at Toulouse in 1314, and later became Patriarch of Aquileia (1334-50).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 197.
 
 
 
 

Bertuccio Bagarotti. Born at Padua, c. 1445, B. joined the Paduan college of jurists in 1482. He taught canon law there between 1497 and 1509. B. was also involved in the public affairs of Padua as a delegate ad utilia and representative of the municipality. He served the government of Venice as envoy and consultant. He was involved in the political events that followed the rout of Agnadello (May 1509). Because of his participation in the government of Padua during imperial occupation, B. was accused of betrayal and sentenced to death by the Venetians. LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 179. `Bagarotti, Bertuccio', DBI 5 (1963) 169-70.
 
 
 
 

Blaise Auriol, wrote additions to the Lectura super sexto of Guilelmus de Monte Lauduno.

TEXTS:

LITERATURE:
 
 
 
 

Bohuslaus of Prague was a canon of Olomouc and professor of law at Prague in 1385. His commentary on parts of Liber extra (1389/96?) is heavily dependent on the much older work of Goffredus Tranensis.

TEXT: 1. Lectrua super IV. et V. libro decretalium

MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 203 (on books 4-5); Prague, Kap. J.37 (on book 5); Prague, Univ. knihovna 2.F.9 (on book 5).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 285-86.
 
 
 
 

Bonagratia de Bergamo. Born probably in Bergamo. B. was a doctor in both civil and canon law, but gave up his career as a jurist to become a Franciscan in 1310. In 1311, B. served as an advocate for the conventual friars against the spirituals.

TEXTS: Casus papales et episcopales extractos de diuersis libris iuris (see Olger).

LITERATURE: DBI 11 (1969) 505-08. H.-J. Becker, `Zwei unbekannte kanonistische Schriften des Bonagratia von Bergamo', QFIAB 46 (1966) 219-76. L. Olger, `Fr. Bonagratia de Bergamo', Archivum Franc. Hist. 22 (1929) 313-14. Godfrey Grabmann, `Fr. Bonagratia de Bergamo et eius "Tractatus de Christi et apostolorum pauperte",' Archivum Franc. Hist. 22 (1929) 292-335, 487-511. Fr. Jo. Hyacinthi Sbaraleae, Supplementum et castigatio ad scriptores trium ordinum S. Francisci, pars. I (Rome 1908) 811, p.147. A. Van de Wyngaert, `Bonagratia de Bergame', DHGE 9 (1937) 720-22.
 
 
 
 

Bonandrea de Bonandreis, doctor decretorum, lectured on canon law at Bologna in 1321-22. His presence at Bologna is further attested for the years 1321-32. He died there in 1333.

TEXTS: Questio disputata, MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. Chigi E.VIII.245, fol. 201vb-202rb; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2151, fol. 25rb-va.

LITERATURE: M.Bertram, `Mittelalterliche Gelehrtengräber in Bologna', QF 65 (1985) 432-33.
 
 
 
 

Boncius, canon of S. Frederico in Lucca. born in Imola. B. taught canon law at Sienna around 1305 and at Bologna 1295 and then from 1309. At least one of his consilia survives.

TEXT: Consilium Florence, AS Dist. Camaldoli a.1313 ag.17

LITERATURE: M. Ascheri, BMCL 15 (1985) 61-94. Schulte, QL II 175.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacio Pérez García (15th century) wrote (or edited?) an adaptation of the Tabula iuris of Gundisalvo Gundisalvi, which circulated as Peregrina of Bonifaciana.

TEXTS: 1. Bonfaciana vel peregrina, Early Printed Edition: Sevilla 1498; MANUSCRIPTS (different recension than printed edition): Madrid, B.N. 12687; Escorial, MS e.I.4.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de la Ciencias Eclesiasticas en Espana 2 (Salamanca 1971) 188-89; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 247; idem. Estudios sobre la canonística portuguesa medieval (Madrid 1976) 149-53. R. Riaza, `Sobre "La Peregrina" e sus redacciones', AHDE 7 (1930) 168-82.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius is mentioned by Johannes Andreae as a legum doctor et miles, who, probably around 1300, had his former home near the turris carbonensium at Bologna transformed into a small church.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 206 n.
 
 
 
 

Boniface VIII, Pope (Benedict Gaetani); lived from c. 1235 until 1303. A canon law graduate of Bologna, he entered papal service in 1264; He became cardinal in 1281 and was elected pope, 1294, following the abdication of Celestine V. His pontificate was overshadowed by his controversy with Philip IV of France, culminating in the seizure of the pope in his Anagni residence, and his death soon thereafter. With the Liber sextus decretalium (1298), he made a lasting contribution to ecclesiastical law, selecting and codifying what he considered the essence of papal legislation during the years since the appearance of Liber extra (1234-98). His famous decretal, Unam Sanctam (1302), on the other hand, represented the most daring (and unprecedented) assertion of papal supremacy over temporal jurisdiction and was quickly rescinded.

TEXTS: 1. (see Liber sextus decretalium)

LITERATURE: H.X.Arquillière, `Boniface VIII', DDC 2 (1937) 940-48. T.S.R. Boase, Boniface the Eighth (London 1933). Leonard Boyle, O.P. `The constitution "Cum ex eo" of Boniface VIII: Education of Parochial clergy', Mediaeval Studies 24 (1962) 263-302. Sten Gagnér, `Boniface VIII and Avicenna', Proceedings Boston (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1965) 261-80. A. Gregnanin, `Bonifacius VIII: de potestate indirecta', Studi di diritto canonico in onore di Marcello Magliocchetti (Studia et documenta iuris canonici 4: Rome 1975) II 739-51. Thomas Izbicki, `The problem of canonical portion in the later Middle Ages: the application of "Super cathedram",' Proceedings Cambridge (MIC C-8; Vatican City 1988) 459-73. Richard Kay, `"Ad nostram presentiam euocamus": Boniface VIII and the Roman convocation of 1302', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 165-90. Gabriel Le Bras, `Boniface VIII, symphoniste et modérateur', Melanges Louis Halphen (Paris 1951) 383-94. James Muldoon, `Boniface VIII's forty years of experience in the law', Jurist 31 (1971) 449-77. Walter Ullmann, `Boniface VIII and his Contemporary Scholarship', JTS 27 (1976) 58-87.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius Ammannati studied law at Padua around 1370. Later on, he returned to his native city, Avignon, to teach. The Avignonese popes of called upon him to serve in political missions. In 1397 he was made cardinal, despite the fact was a layman. He died in prison at Aigues Mortes in 1399. His extensive Lectura on the Clementines had only a limited circulation, and when it was finally printed in 1522, it appeared under the spurious name of Bonifacius Vitalini.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura Clementinarum, Early Printed Editions: Lyons 1522; Venice 1574 (in bothe cases attributed to a fictitious Bonifacius de Vitalinis); MANUSCRIPT: Toledo, Catedrál MS 23-1.

2. Consilia (see D. Maffei [1980] 248 n.28); LITERATURE: D. Maffei, `Profilo di Bonifacio Ammannati giurista e cardinale', Genèse et débuts du grand schisme d'occident (Paris 1980) 239-51.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius Antelini (Antelmi, Vitalini) from a Mantuan family, was probably the jurist in the service of various Northern Italian communes who appears in documents from 1299-1306. He was the author of a criminal treatise (ca.1300/01), which since its first print in 1499 circulated under the name of Bonifacius Vitalini. Other works early modern editors likewise ascribed to this author, most notably the Lectura Clementinarum of Bonifacius Ammannati.

TEXTS: Super maleficiis (on criminal procedure), Early Printed Editions: Milan 1499, 1505, 1514; Venice 1505, 1518, 1559, 1560, 1584; Lyons 1558; Frankfurt 1600 and 1604; MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 124; Florence, Laur. Biscioni 4; Kremsmünster, Stiftsbibl.230; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 396.

LITERATURE: D. Maffei, `Profilo di Bonifacio Ammannati giurista e cardinale', Genèse et débuts du grand schisme d'occident (Paris 1980) 240-41. Schulte, QL II 255-56.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius Lusitanus, a Portuguese, is the author of a book explaining a collection of legal maxim, published in 1498.

TEXTS: Peregrina sive peregrina glossa Bonifaciana, Early Printed Edition: s.l. 1498 (Hain 3680).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL 394.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius de Panicis de Castilione, magister, provided an index to a canonistic treatise by Filippo Decio, printed in 1490. Whether he was a jurist himself, remains uncertain.

TEXTS: Tabula, Early Printed Edition: Pescia 1490 (Hain 6064).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 363 n.13.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius de Mutina, decretorum doctor at the University of Padua since at least 1326, later became Bishop of Modena (1337-51).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 256 n.8.
 
 
 
 

Bonifacius de Vitalinis (see Bonifacius de Antelini)
 
 
 
 

Bonincontro dall'Ospedale, doctor decretorum.

LITERATURE: M. Sarti - M. Fattorini, De claris archigymnasii Bononiensis professoribus I(Bologna 1769) 482. Schulte, QL II 242 n.*.
 
 
 
 

Bonincontro de Boattieri (+1380)

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: P. Sambin, `Libri di Bonincontro de'Boattieri, canonista bolognese (+1380) e di Antonio David, vescovo di Fano (+1416)', RSCI 15 (1961) 197-215.
 
 
 
 

Bonincontrus (or Bonicontius), the oldest legitimate son of Johannes Andreae, received his doctorate in both laws in 1309 and taught for most of his life side by side with his father at Bologna. In 1347, he appeared briefly at Padua, but returned soon after. Ultimately, he conspired against the Bolognese signory, was uncovered and beheaded in 1350.

TEXTS:1. De appellationibus interpositis in causis beneficialibus, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1496 (Hain 2237); Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) IX, fol. 45vb-55rb.

2. De accusationibus et inquisitionibus, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1496 (Hain 2237); Volumen tractatuum criminalium (Venice 1556), fol. 8rb-14ra; Tractatus illustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum (Venice 1584) I, fol. 5va-8rb.

3. De interdicto, MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 9636.

4. De ecclesiis et immunitate clericorum

5. De libertate ecclesie

6. Summa de quatuor modis procedendi super criminibus (perhaps identical with the treatise on accusations); MANUSCRIPT: Wolfenbüttel

LITERATURE: S. Caprioli, `Bonicontro di Giovanni d'Andrea', DBI 12 (1970) 211-12. Schulte, QL II 211, 242-43. E. Seckel, Beiträge zur Geschichte beider Rechte im Mittelalter (Tübingen 1898) 1.257.
 
 
 
 

Bonomo Loschi (de Luschis). He was born in Vicenza. In 1497-1498 he was teaching canon law at the University of Padua.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 330.
 
 
 
 

Bonsignore de'Bonsignori

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: G. Pozzi, `Postille autografe di Bonsignore de'Bonsignori, canonista de Praga', Italia medioevale e umanistica 1 (1958) 347-50.
 
 
 
 

Bornio da Sala was born at Bologna shortly after 1400, where he studied the laws and obtained the doctorate in civil law, in 1425, and in canon law a decade later. Since 1438, he lectured at Bologna on the decretals and continued to do so without major interruptions until 1466. No essentially legal text of his seems to have survived. He died in 1469.

LITERATURE: G. Ballistreri, `Bornio da Sala', DBI 12 (1970) 801-03. B. Bianchi, Ein Bologneser Jurist und Humanist: Bornio da Sala (Wiesbaden 1976). L. Pasavento, `"Quedam lex animata": Il Principe di Bornio da Sala', Nuova Rivista Storica 72 (1988) 1-22.

Caesar Lambertinus, a native from Trani, pursued an ecclesiastical career there that led him to the archepiscopate in 1505. In 1509, he transferred to the episcopal see of Isola. He resigned this office in 1548.

TEXTS: De iure patronatus (ca. 1520), Early Printed Editions: Venice 1572; Lyons 1579; Frankfurt 1581; Tractatus varii de iure patronatus (Venice 1584, 1607).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 363.

Cajetan (Thomas de Vio), born in 1469, entered the Dominican order when he was sixteen and studied theology at Naples and Padua. He received the doctorate already nine years later and began to teach at Padua and Brescia. Since 1500, he lived as the proctor of his order at the curia in Rome, until he moved up to the generalate in 1508. He held this position until his elevation to the cardinalate, in 1517. By that time, he was one of the leading church politicians and antagonist of Luther at the imperial diet at Augsburg in 1518. Although less pronounced than Luther, he was himself a critic of much of the scholastic learning as it had developed during the late Middle Ages. In his Summula peccatorum (1525), for example, Cajetan (from Gaeta, his hometown) sharply opposed the older confessional works as overburdened with learned digressions and allegations. In fact, Cajetan's work marked the terminal point in the production of confessional Summae, which were gradually rendered obsolete once the Tridentine legislation on confessional matters took hold. Cajetan died in 1534.

TEXTS: 1. Summula peccatorum, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1525; Venice 1525, 1584, Paris 1526, 1530; Lyons 1529, 1539, 1550, 1565, 1581.

2. De cambiis, Early Printed Edition: Antwerp 1612, II.7.

3. De usura, Early Printed Editions: Antwerp 1612, II.8, III.7

4. De validitate matrimonii a iuvene post religionis ingressum et egressum contracti and other treatises on marriage, Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1542; Antwerp 1612.

LITERATURE: R. Chabanne, `Thomas de Vio, Caietanus', DDC 7 (1965) 1249; M. Laurent, `Cajétan', DHGE 11 (1949) 248-52; P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 105-06. Schulte, QL II 352-54. A. Schweigmann, `De meritis Caietani in iure canonico', Angelicum 11 (1934) 533-88.

Caspar Calderinus junior, grandson of Johannes Calderinus, was doctor decretorum at Bologna around 1416. He left several consilia which were transmitted with those of his teacher, Petrus de Ancharano.

TEXTS: Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1490, n. 12, 17, 27, 137; and, together with Petrus de Ancharano, n. 97, 217.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 264 n.2.

Caspar Calderinus senior, son of the more famous Johannes, was born in 1345 at Bologna, where he appeared among the doctors by 1365, was soon professor and involved in municipal politics. He died in 1399. Some of his consilia survive along with those of his father.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Milan 1491.

2. Repetitiones, Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes materiasque sane frequentiores (Venice 1587) IV, fol. 439.

A. in cap. Nostro postulasti de pen et remiss. (X 5.38.15), MANUSCRIPTS: Halle, Universitätsbibl. Ye. 79; Munich, Clm 5199.

B. in cap. Ex literis de vita et honestate clericorum (X 3.1.16), MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. (Fantuzzi 12).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 264-65.

Celsus Maffeus, a canon regular from Verona, composed several treatises touching matters of canon law.

TEXTS: 1. Monumentum compendiosum pro confessionibus, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1478, 1491; Venice 1498.

2. Defensiones regularium contra monachos, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1487, 1499.

3. Dissuasoria ne christiani principes ecclesiasticos census usurpent, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1494.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 368.

Cicco Abbate taught the decretales at Naples from at least 1478 to 1480.

LITERATURE: E. Cortese, `Sulla scienza giuridica a Napoli tra Quattro e Cinquecento', Scuole diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia I (Catania 1985) 82 n.134.

Clement V, Pope 1305-1314 (Bertrand de Got) himself a jurist who had studied at Orleans and Bologna, was the principal author of the decretals included in the Clementines or Constitutiones Clementini V, which were promulgated as an official collection of papal decretals by his successor, Johannes XXII, in 1317. Clement V presided over the Council of Vienne (1311) and oversaw the liquidation of the order of the Templars.

TEXTS: (see Clementines)

LITERATURE: A. Paravicini Bagliani, `Clemente V, papa', DBI 26 (1982) 202-15. Schulte, QL II 45-50.



Clemente Sanchez de Valderas, born around 1370, studied law at Salamanca since 1392. He wrote several canonistic works, most notably a Spanish confessional treatise which appeared on the papal index of prohibited books in 1559.

TEXTS: 1. Tratado sobre la penitencia (Sacramental), Early Printed Editions: Sevilla, 1470?, 1477, 1478, 1496, 1544; Toulouse 1477-80; Lérida 1495 (in Catalan); Lisbon 1502 (in Portuguese); Logroño 1504; Burgos 1516; Toledo 1527; Braga 1539 (in Portuguese).

2. Libellus de horis dicendis, MANUSCRIPT; Burgo de Osma, Cab. 59, fol. 132ra-175va.

3. Compendium censurae, MANUSCRIPTS: Burgo de Osma, Cab. 59, fol. 2ra-128vb; Valladolid, Univ. 147, fol. 1ra-91ra.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 243; idem, `Nuevas obras de Clemente Sánchez, arcediano de Valderas', Revista española de teologia34 (1974) 69-89; idem, `La canonística ibérica medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano III', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 5 (Salamanca 1976) 360-62.



Clementines (Constitutiones Clementi V, Liber Clementinarum) the official collection of papal decretals named for Pope Clement V, who directed that the compilation be made, though it was only promulgated definitively by his successor, John XXII, in 1317. The Clementines contains 106 decretals and canons that had been issued after Liber sextus (1298). The core of the Clementinesconsists of thirty-eight constitutions of the Council of Vienne (1311-12). Clement promulgated the Clementines in 1314, but he died before the collection could be circulated. After a two year vacancy, Clement's successor, John XXII, undertook a review of the text which took more than a year; John modified and corrected the text and added his own promulgation letter, Quoniam nulla. Just how much John changed the Clementines is a matter of considerable debate. Unlike the former codifications of Gregory IX (1234) and Boniface VIII (1298), however, Pope John XXII's promulgation bull did not claim to invalidate the more recent legislation of Boniface VIII (d. 1303) and Clement V that had not been included. The Clementines was the last official compilation of decretals for the medieval schools of canon law. It included the important decretals Saepe contingitwhich completely reformed the canon law system of summary procedure, Romani principes and Pastoralis cura which repudiated the claims of the Emperor Henry VII to universal jurisdiction and to be able to cite Robert of Naples for rebellion outside of his own territory.

Substantial commentaries were written on the Clementines by the canonists, Alberico di Metz, Baldus de Ubaldis, Benedictus Capra, Bernardus Maynardi, Bonifacius Ammannati, Egidius de Bellamera, Franciscus Zabarella, Giovanni Antonio Carafa, Guilelmus de Monte Laudano, Jesselin de Cassagnes, Johannes Andreae, Johannes Calderinus, Johannes de Imola, Johannes de Lignano, Lapus Tactus, Mattheus Romanus, Nicolaus de Tudeschis, Petrus de Ancharano, Petrus de Andlau, Petrus Bertrandus, Simone de Borsano, and Stephanus Hugonetti.

EDITION: E. Friedberg, Corpus iuris canonici II (Leipzig 1881) 1125-1200. MANUSCRIPTS:Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania Coll. Libr. MS 7; Munich, Clm 3872, fol. 1r-24r; Clm 3877, fol. 3r-59v; Clm 6347, fol. 1r-50r; Clm 6566, fol. 122r-192v; Clm 7469, fol. 1r-80r; Clm 9656, fol. 1r-58v; Clm 14655, fol. 1r-51v; Clm 19508, fol. 1r-30v; Munich, Universitätsbibl. 2^o MS 253, fol. 1r-172v; Universitätsbibl. 2^o MS 290, fol. 1r-23v; New Haven, Yale Univ. Beinecke Libr. MS J C28 no.1 (18), fol. 1r-52v; MS J C28 no.2 (33), fol. 2r-39r; MS Marston 155, fol. 1r-22r; New York, Columbia Univ. MS Smith Western 18, fol. 1r-88v; Hispanic Society of America MS B 2565, fol. 59r-81v; Pierpont Morgan Libr. MS 902. For a complete list of Manuscripts, see the two articles by Tarrant, ZRG Kan. Abt. 70 and 71.

LITERATURE: Thomas Izbicki, `Commentators on the Clementines according to Johannes Calderinus', BMCL 10 (1980) 62-65. Stephan Kuttner, `The date of the constitution "Saepe", the Vatican manuscripts and the Roman edition of the Clementines', Studi e Testi (=Melanges Eugène Tisserant 4) (1964) 427-52, and `Retractationes' to this article in idem, Medieval Councils, decretals, and collections of canon law (Variorum 1980). F. Soetermeer, `The origin of MS d'Ablaing 14 and the transmissio of the Clementines to the universities', TRG 54 (1986) 101-12. J. Tarrant, `The Clementine decrees on the Beguines: conciliar and papal versions', AHP 12 (1974) 300-08; idem, `The manuscripts of the Constitutiones Clementinae, part I: Admont to München', ZRG Kan. Abt. 70 (1984) 67-133; idem, `The manuscripts of the Constitutiones Clementinae, part II: Napoli to Zwettl', ZRG Kan. Abt. 71 (1985) 76-146.

Conrad von Ebrach, a Cistercian, studied and taught theology first at Paris, later at Prague and finally in Vienna, where he died around 1399.

TEXT: 1. Tractatus de censibus, MANUSCRIPTS: Wolfenbüttel, Herzog Aug. Bibl. 42.2 Aug., fol. 9ra-17rb; 83.5 Aug., fol. 50-56.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 435.

Conrad Lagus (d. 1546), was the author of a methodical treatise on both laws that offered a break-away from the scholastic fashion of teaching law by favoring a more systematic and analytical approach.

TEXT: 1. Iuris utriusque traditio methodica, Early Printed Editions: Frankfurt 1543.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 368-69.

Conrad Summenhart, born in 1465 at Calw on the Rhine, studied theology at Paris. Later on, he taught at Tübingen until his death in 1511.

TEXTS: 1. De contractibus, Early Printed Editions: Haguenau 1500 (Hain 15179); Haguenau 1517.

2. De decimis, Early Printed Editions: Strasbourg 1490; Haguenau 1497 (Hain 15176-77).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 454-55. W. Trusen, ZRG Kan. Abt. 57 (1971) 119-120.

Conrad Thus studied law at Prague in 1391 and was later professor of canon law at Erfurt (ca. 1406-1411) and Leipzig (1411-12).

LITERATURE: J. John, `The university career of Bishop Stephen Bodeker (1384-1459) of Brandenburg with the text of his repetition on the judge and his conscience', Studium generale. Studies offered to Astrik L. Gabriel, ed. L. Domonkos - R. Schneider (Notre Dame, Ind. 1967) 133-34. T. Muther, `Die Juristen der Universität Erfurt im 14. und 15. Jahrhundert', Zeitschrift fúr Rechtsgeschichte 9 (1870) 56-57; idem, Zur Geschichte der Rechtswissenschaft und der Universitäten in Deutschland (Jena 1876) 211-13.

Constitutiones Clementis V (see Clementines)

Constitutiones Ioannis Pape XXII (see John XXII, Pope)

Conte Alvarotti, son of Alvarotto and a Paduan, was teaching canon law in his native city around 1472, while there is evidence that he taught civil law there in 1475 and 1490. He is also known as an editor of Pietro del Monte's Repertorium utriusque iuris, printed in Padua, 1480 (Hain 11589).

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 343, 348, 352.

Correctores (of the Editio Romana). By the mid-sixteenth century, humanists were applying their skills to the canon law. One of the first to do this was Charles Dumoulin, whose edition of the Decretum was first printed in 1555. Responding to these private efforts, Pope Pius V set up a comission to produce an edition of Gratian's Decretum according to the highest humanist standards (1560). These were the correctores, at first including eight cardinals and twelve doctors of law. Eventually, their number increased to thirty-five by 1580. In 1580, the work of the commission received papal approval from Pius V's successor, Gregory XIII. The correctores examined manuscripts of the Decretum as well as its sources. The Editio Romana, which was printed in 1582, was made the official version for the ecclesiastical courts. The use of versions such as Dumoulin's were specifically prohibited, but they continued to be used.

LITERATURE: H.G. Troje, Graeca leguntur (Cologne - Vienna 1971).

Cosma Contarini (Contarenus, Cantarenus), born in (Venice, c. 1410, studied law at Padua and obtained the doctorate in canon law in 1434, in civil law in 1441. It seems that ten years before his first degree C. was already giving lectures in canon law at Padua. By 1438, he was certainly teaching canon law as a professor at the University, and he continued to do so until at least 1460. According to same sources, he may have abandoned teaching not until 1477. Since 1448, Cosma also acted as the vicar of the bishop of Padua.

TEXTS: 1. Super quibusdam titulis lib. III, IV, V Decretalium, MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 97

2. Repetitio in c. Qualiter et quando, tit. de accusationibus (X. 5.1.17/24), MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6524

3. Repetitio, MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 5357

4. Consilia, MANUSCRIPTS: Ravenna, Bibl. Classense 450; Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 485, vol. IV, VII; Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, lat. V 2 [2324]; Early Printed Edition: B. Ziletti, ed. Criminalium consiliorum atque responsorum tam ex veteribus quam ex iunioribus celeberrimis iurisconsultis collectorum I (Venice 1560) n. 75.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 183-84.

Cristoforo Alessandri (de Alexandris), a Paduan, was teaching in his native city (perhaps in 1468?) either civil or canon law.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 348, 354.

Cusano/Cusanus (see Nicolaus Cusanus)

Daniele "de Bealdis" (?) was teaching canon law at the University of Padua in 1442.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 353.

Decius (see Philipus Decius)

Diego Alfonso de Benavente, a son of Juan Alfonso, taught canon law at Salamanca during the last decade of the 15th century.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 422.

Diego Gómez de Zamora was professor of canon law at Salamanca from 1447-1484. He was one of the leading representatives of the University during those years.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitio de indulgentiis, MANUSCRIPT: Madrid, BN lat. 12915, fol. 322ra-343rb (fragmentary).

2. De filiis succedendis in maioricatu, MANUSCRIPT: Toledo, Bibl. del Cab. 12-17, fol. 178va-181rb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `Los canonistas de la Universidad de Salamanca en los siglos xiv-xv', REDC 17 (1962) 175-90; idem, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 422, 5 (1976) 363-65; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 245.

Dietrich von Bocksdorf (see Theodoricus von Bocksdorf)

Dionisio Franceschi (de Franciscis) (?), a Venetian, was teaching canon law at the University of Padua in 1483-84, and already earlier, in 1477, either civil or canon law.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 324, 348



Dionysius Ryckel (de Leeuwis), a Carthusian monk at Roermond (Belgium) and friend of Nicholas of Cusa, wrote several treatises bearing on canon law. He died in 1471.

TEXTS: 1. De officio archidiaconorum

2. De officio legati

3. De regimine prelatorum

4. De vita et regimine curatorum

5. De officio mercatorum

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 369.

 

Domenico Can (Canis) was teaching on the Decretum at the University of Padua in 1478.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 328.

Dominicus de Dominicis, a Venetian, became bishop of Torcello in 1448, then of Brescia (1464), where he died in 1478. His treatises deal with conciliar theories of papal primacy.

TEXTS: 1. De reformatoribus Romanae curiae

2. De cardinalium electione et legitima creatione

3. De potestate papae et cardinalium

4. De concilio et ipsius potestate ac pontificis

5. De episcopali dignitate

6. An papa ligetur vinculis sui iuramenti et decretis

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 305-06.


Dominicus Jacobatius (de Jacobatiis), born in Rome, served as an advocate at the curia since 1485. He became auditor of the Roman Rota in 1493, later bishop of Lucera, and finally cardinal (1517). He died in 1527.

TEXTS: 1. De computatione dotis in legitimam

2. Tractatus de concilio,  PRINTED EDITIONS: Rome 1538; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584) Vol. 13, fol. 190rb-398vb; Paris 1672.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 342-43.

 

Dominicus de Sancto Geminiano, born in Florence, studied at Bologna where he was a student and disciple of Antonius de Butrio. Dominicus then served as the vicar of the bishop of Modena and attended the council of Pisa in 1409, before he began teaching law at Bologna. In his later years, he became an auditor of the Apostolic Camera.   He also went to the council of Basel. He died at Bologna sometime before 1436.

TEXTS: 1. Commentaria in libros decretalium et sextum, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1520, 1579. MANUSCRIPT: Freiburg, Universitätsbibl. 236 (on X 2).

2. Lectura super sextum decretalium, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1476 (on VI 1-2), 1477 (on VI 3-5), 1485 (on VI 1-2); Speyer s.a. (on VI 3-5; Hain 7530)

MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 161; Coimbra, Biblioteca da Universidade 722; Coimbra, Biblioteca da Universidade 723; Munich, Staatsbibl. Clm 6607.   My thanks to Professor José Domingues (Universidade Lusíada, of Porto, Portugal) for the information about the Coimbra manuscripts.

3. Summula et divisiones decretalium sive synopsis, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1578.

4. Repetitiones, MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Felin. ?

5. Super distinctionibus decreti, MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Felin. ?

6. Consilia sive responsa, Early Printed Editions: Milan 1491 (with those of others); Lyons 1533, 1568; Venice 1550.

7. Commentaria in Decretum, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1504.

LITERATURE: Roberto Naz, `Dominique de San Geminiano', DDC 4 (1949) 1410. Schulte, QL II 294-96.



 

`Dum summam henrici fratribus legerem' is the incipit of an anonymous collection of casus to the Lectura on Liber extra by Henricus minor. The same author further wrote an Apparatus to the work, inc. `Fecit deus duo luminaria'.

MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 171; Göttweig, Stiftsbibl. 118; Frankfurt, Stadtbibl. 165; Königsberg, Universitätsbibl. 102 (now lost?).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 244 n.3.

Durandus Campanus (de Champagne), Franciscan and Confessor of the Queen of France, composed a confessional manual (ca. 1340) which borrowed much from the works of two of his predecessors, Johannes of Erfurt and Johannes of Freiburg.

TEXT: Summa collectionum (or Directorium), MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, B.N. lat. 3264, lat. 16891; Pavia 336.

LITERATURE: J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientiae)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 27 (1906) 70-78. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 55. J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores trium ordinum S. Francisci I (Rome 1908) 239. Schulte, QL II 430.


 

Durandus de S. Porciano (born ca.1270/75), a Domincan better known as professor of theology and controversialist (since 1307), wrote also a treatise on marriage touching legal aspects. He became bishop of Limoux (1317), then Meaux (1326), and died in 1334.

TEXTS (juristic only): Votum de dissolubilitate matrimonii non consummati per susceptionem ordinis sacri

MANUSCRIPT: Rome, Bibl. Univ. Alessandrina 79, fol. 41-43.

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 346.

Egidius de Bellamera (Gilles Bellemère) (d.1407). Promoted doctor in utroque iure by Simon de Borsano. Taught law at Avignon and also in Italy. In 1374 Gregorius XI named A. Auditor litterarum contradictarum, a position he held until 1382. He was made bishop of Lavaur in 1383, and of Le Puy in 1390; in 1392 he was transferred to Avignon by pope Clemens VII. A. participated in diplomatic missions to the French court in 1394 and 1397. He died in Avignon.

TEXTS: 1. Praelectiones in decretalium libros

Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1548-49.

2. In Clementinas

3. Tractatus permutationum beneficiorum ecclesiasticorum

Louvain s.l. (Hain 2756); Lyon 1522.

4. Decisiones Rotae

Early Printed Editions: Rome 1474 (Hain 6045); Venice 1496 (Hain 6052); Nuremberg 1496; Lyons 1508, 1529; Venice 1633.

5. Responsa sive Consilia

Early Printed Edition: Venice 1579, 1591.

6. Commentary on the Regulae iuris

7. Tractatus super titulo de foro competenti libri sexti

Early Printed Edition: Venice 1579, 1591.

LITERATURE: R.Aubert, `Gilles Bellemère', DHGE 20 (1984) 1359. R. Chabaner, `Reflexions sur la condition canonique de la femme d'apres l'oeuvre de Gilles Bellemère', Bull. des Facultés catholiques de Lyon 76 (1954) 5-16. H. Gilles, `Gilles Bellemère et le tribunal de la Rote à la fin du XIV<sup>e</sup> siecle', M.É.Fr.R. 67 (1955) 281-319; idem, `Gilles Bellemère, canoniste', HLF 40 (Paris 1974) 253. Schulte, QL II 274-75. A.Lambert, `Bellemère, Gilles [Aiscelin] de', DDC 2 (1937) 296-97.

Egidius (Gil) Alvarez de Albornoz was born on Concha (1295), studied at Tolosa and was then promoted to the archbishopric of Toledo under King Alfonso XI. Upon the latter's death he joined Pope Clement VI in Avignon, who made him cardinal in 1350. He was papal legate to Italy during the 1350's and 1360's, in an attempt to reorganize the papal states. The importance of his legateship is underlined by the Constitutiones Aegidiane he promulgated for the papal patrimony in 1357/63. He died at Viterbo in 1367. He is also said to have composed comments on canon law, but they rather belong to his relative, Fernando.

LITERATURE: J. Beneyto Pérez, El cardenal Albornoz, canciller de Castilla y caudillo de Italia(Madrid 1950). P. Colliva, `Angelo degli Ubaldi e le "Constitutiones Aegidianae",' Archivio giuridico 184 (1973) 103-20. A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica Medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano (I)', Repertorio de Historia de las Ciencias Eclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 424-25. E. Magnin, `Albornoz', DDC 1 (1935) 363. Schulte, QL II 270.

Egidius Carlerius (Carlier), fl. ca. 1435, was professor at Paris and wrote canonico-theological consultationes.

TEXT: 1. Casuum consultationes, Early Printed Edition: Brussels 1478-79 (Hain 4513).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 363-64.

Egidius Madalbertus (Aegidiolus Cremonensis), from Cremona, appears as a doctor of canon law at Padua since 1307, whence he transferred to Bologna in 1311. In 1318 he received the bishopric of Cremona, but resigned in 1327. He died in 1332.

TEXTS:1. Disputationes

2. Quaestiones

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 196.

 

Élie Regnier (see Hélie Regnier)

Engelbertus Cultificis (Messemaker) was a Dominican born near Zutphen (Holland), ca.1420. He studied theology at the convent at Erfurt and later taught at Zutphen (1465-66). He died in Nijmegen (1490/91). His writings reveal an interest in legal matters.

TEXTS: 1. Epistula declaratoria iurium et priviliegiorum, Early Printed Editions: Nijmegen 1479, Louvain 1480, etc. (GW 7846-50); Paris 1507; Delft 1508.

2. Epistula de simonia vitanda in receptione novitiorum

Early Printed Editions: Nijmegen 1479, Louvain 1480, etc. (GW 7846-50); Paris 1507; Delft 1508.

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 1 (Rome 1970) 367-68.

Engelhardus Kunhofer, a priest from Schwabach (Southern Germany), composed a confessional treatise based on the ten commandments.

TEXT: 1. Confessionale, Early Printed Edition: s.a., s.l. (Hain 9801).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 451.

 

Enrico da Alano, (see Henricus de Alano)


 

Eusebius Conradus, a native from Milan and canon regular at the Lateran church, wrote treatises dealing with questions related to his order.

TEXTS: 1. De dignitate canonicorum regularium, Early Printed Edition: Rome 1481 (Hain 5639)

2. De praestantia clericorum regularium prae monachia, Early Printed Edition: Milan 1500 (Hain 5640)

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 369.

 

Extravagantes Communes, a collection of seventy-four decretals dating from 1295-1483. This collection was made by Jean Chappuis. He completed an early version including only seventy decretals in 1500, and the final version with four additional decretals in 1503. Chappuis included the Extravagantes communes with his Corpus iuris canonici. This work did not circulate widely until it was included in the Editio Romana of 1582. This collection includes Boniface VIII's famous decretal, Unam sanctam.

 

Extravagantes Johannis XXII (see John XXII, Pope)

 

Fabio Massimo da Sant'Urbano, a Paduan, was teaching at Padua either civil or canon law in 1420. He had obtained his doctorate in civil law by 1407 and that in utroque iure not much later. Between 1412 and 1446, he appears among the doctoral examiners of the University. He was also deeply involved in the administrative matters of his native city.

TEXTS:

1. Consilia, MANUSCRIPT: Ravenna, Class. 485, vol. IX.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 344.

Fantino Dandolo, a Venetian, obtained the doctorate in utroque iure in 1401. In 1438, F. was teaching canon law at Padua. From 1445 to 1448, he was bishop of Creta and from 1448 to 1459 bishop of Padua.

TEXTS: 1. De beneficiis

2. Compendium fisci

3. Compendium de sacramento ecclesiae

4. Consilia, MANUSCRIPT: Ravenna, Class. 485, vol. VII.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 352. G. Bonfiglio Dosio, `I bresciani Emigli laureati a Padova nel'400', Quaderni per la storia dell'Università di Padova 8 (1975) 73-91. D. Cortese, `Francesco della Rovere e le "Orationes" sull'Immacolata del vescovo di Padova Fantino Dandolo', Regnum hominis et Regnum Dei II (Acta quarti congressus Scotistici internationalis, Patavii, 24-29 septembris 1976), ed. C. Bérubé (Rome 1978) 61-78. L. Gargan, `Giovanni Conversini e la cultura letteraria a Treviso nella seconda metà del Trecento', Italia medioevale e umanistica 8 (1965) 85-159 at 131-32 and 138-39.


 

`Fecit Deus duo luminaria', an anonymous apparatus on the Lectura super quinque libris decretalium of Henricus minor (de Barben, de Magdeburg, de Merseburg), was composed by an author who also wrote casus to the same work.

MANUSCRIPTS: Prague, Kap K.4.16; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1002, 1004, 1006, 1007; Königsberg, Universitätsbibl. 99-101 (lost?); Munich, Clm 9658.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 244 n.2


 

Federico Capodilista, born at Padua, ca. 1410, obtained the doctorate in Roman law in 1434, in canon law in 1438. Between 1443 and 1462 he was intermittently teaching canon law at the University of Padua. F. was also involved in the administrative life of his native city as lawyer, consultant, and judge. He died before 1466.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitio in c. Saepe, de verborum significatione (Clem. 5.11.2)

MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 6573, fol. 109r-119r.

2. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Bartholomaei Caepollae consilia criminalia (Venice 1555) n. 53; Alexandri de Nevo Consilia (Venice 1560) n. 72.

MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6573; Ravenna, Bibl. Classense, 485, vol. IV; Venezia, Bibl. Naz. Marc. lat. V.2; Vatican City, Vat. Reg. lat. 377.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 188-89.


 

Federicus Petruccius de Senis taught canon law at Siena (c.1322-26) and Perugia (c.1333-1343), where Baldus was among his students. The date of his death is uncertain.

TEXTS: 1. De permutationibus beneficiorum, Early Printed Editions: Pavia 1478 (Hain 12849); Venice 1496 (Hain 2237); Milan 1506; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584) Vol. 15.1, fol. 187ra-190rb.

2. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1472, 1479, Siena 1488; Venice 1490, 1498 (Hain 12842-46); Rome 1547; Venice 1576; MANUSCRIPTS: Wroclaw, Univ. II.F.53; Prague, Kap. J.72; Halle, Universitätsbibl. Ye. f.72; Toledo, Cabildo MS 28-5.

LITERATURE: Mario Ascheri, I consilia dei giuristi medievali (Siena 1982) 22 n.39, 24 n.42. Antonio García y García, 'Un manoscritto de los "Consilia" de Federico Petrucci de Sienna', Studi Senesi 100 (1988) Supplemento II 566-79. Guido Kisch, Consilia (Basel/Stuttgart 1970) 71. Schulte, QL II 237-38.

Felinus Sandeus, born in Felina near Reggio in 1444, taught canon law at Ferrara from 1466 to 1474, and at Pisa since 1474. He received the doctorate in both laws in 1467. In 1486, F. became an auditor of the Rota. he received the bishoprics of Penna and Atri in 1495, then of Lucca in 1499. He died at Rome, in 1503, and left a magnificent library which still forms part of the episcopal library of Lucca.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura super varios titulos libri I, II, IV, V decretalium, Early Printed Editions: Hain 14281-84; Venice 1489-1497 (Hain 14280); Basel 1567; A. Super prooemio decretalium et tit. de const. (X 1-1.1), Early Printed Editions: Hain 14285-93. B. De except. et prescript. et sententiis (X: Early Printed Editions: Hain 14294-99; C. De rescriptis et nonnullis aliis (X: Early Printed Editions: Hain 14300-06; D. De off. et pot. iud. del. (X: Early Printed Editions: Hain 14307-08; E. De probationibus (X: Early Printed Editions: Hain 14309-24; F. De litis contestatione (X: Early Printed Edition: s.l. 1484.

2. Tractatus quomodo puniatur conatus, Early Printed Editions: Hain 14294-99.

3. Sermo de indulgentia, Early Printed Edition: Hain 14325.

4. Repetitio in cap. I et II tit. de sponsal., Early Printed Edition: Bologna 1498.

5. Epitome de regno Sicilie, Early Printed Edition: s.l. 1495.

6. Consilia , Early Printed Edition: Venice 1582)

7. Concordantia iuris ciuilis et canonici, MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Bibl. Felin.

LITERATURE: G. Arrighi, Felino Sandei (1444-1503) Canonista e Umanista (Accademia Lucchese di scienze lettore e arti, Studi e Testi 23: Lucca 1987). N.Hilling, `Felinus Sandeus, Auditor der Rota', AKKR 84 (1904) 94-106. R.Naz, `Felinus Sandeus', DDC 5 (1953) 827-28. Schulte, QL II 350-52.

Ferdinandus Cordubensis was a papal subdeacon under Sixtus IV and wrote on several aspects of papal power. He died in 1486.

TEXTS: 1. De iure medios exigendi fructus quos vulgo annatas dicunt et de Romani pontificis in tenporalibus auctoritate, Early Printed Edition: Rome 1480, 1490.

2. An liceat Pontifici Maximo eiusque Cardineo Collegio beneficiorum vacantium medios fructus exigere

3. De pontificii pallii mysterio, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5739.

4. De hereticis et dampnatis

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano (I)', Repertorio de Historia de las Ciencias eclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 424; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 234. Schulte, QL II 369-70.


Fernando Álvarez de Albornoz, a relative of Cardinal Albornoz, was one of the founding members of the Colegio de España

at Bologna. He lectured there on the Decretum from 1363-69, and left comments in his own hand. He later became archbishop of Lisbon (1369) and Sevilla (1371).

TEXT: Glosses on the Decretum, MANUSCRIPTS: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 281, fol. 296vb; Toledo, Bibl. del Cab. 4-2, fol. 1ra-vb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 423-24; idem, `El decretista Fernando Alvarez Albornoz y la fundación del Colegio de España', Studia Albornotiana 12 (Bologna 1972) 131-65; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 227-28.

 

Filippo Carafa, born into a noble Napoletan familay, c. 1340, studied law at Bologna under Giovanni da Legnano. By 1372, he was a doctor of both laws and archdeacon of Bologna. He lectured on the Clementines and the Liber sextus sometime during the 1370's, until he was elevated to the Bolognese bishopric by Pope Urban VI in 1378. As a firm supporter, together with Giovanni da Legnano, of the Roman papacy, F. also received a cardinalate the same year. He died in 1389.

LITERATURE: A. Strnad, `Carafa, Filippo', DBI 19 (1976) 545-47.

Florianus Dolfi figures as the examiner of Augustinus Beroius, who received his doctorate in canon law at Bologna in 1503.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 355.


 

Florianus a Sancto Pedro (Sampieri), a Bolognese doctor, promoted Antonio Roselli to the doctorate in 1407 and is known as the author of several consilia. He was one of the representatives of the University at the council of Pisa (1409).

TEXTS: Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1550 (together with those of Johannes Calderinus).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 252 n.26, 280, 303 n.1.

 

Fortunatus de Perusio (Fortunato Coppoli) was born at Perugia, c.1430, and studied both laws there. In 1455, he was about to marry, but preferred to enter the Franciscan order in a sudden spiritual conversion. He became the founder of a bank giving loans for non-monetary pledges, called Monte dei poveri, at Perugia. He then went on to establish similar institutions all over Italy, which he promoted through sermons, disputations and an extensive consilium (1469/73). Some of them survive in writing and reveal his legal formation. He died in 1477.

TEXTS: 1. Consilium de monte pietatis, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1498

MANUSCRIPT: Cortona, Bibl. commun. 249, fol. 39r-45v.

2. Circa materiam ludi, MANUSCRIPTS: Assisi, Bibl. commun. 629, fol. 335v-39v; Assisi, Bibl. francesc. 13, fol. 234v-37r, and 30, fol. 125v-27v; Foligno, Bibl. commun. A.10.1.16, fol. 125v-27v; Modena, Bibl. Est. lat. a.V.9.8, fol. 363r.

3. De decimis, de usuris, de emptione, MANUSCRIPT: Assisi, Bibl. commun. 629, fol. 339v-40v.

4. Glosses on the Summa Pisanella, MANUSCRIPT: Naples, Bibl. naz. V.H.33, passim.

LITERATURE: M. Ciardini, Un "consilium" per il Monte di pietà di Firenze (1473) (Florence 1905) 20-21. A. Ghinato, `Un propagatore dei Monti di Pietà del `400', Rivista di storia della chiesa in Italia 10 (1956) 193-211. S. Maiarelli - U. Nicolini, Il Monte dei poveri di Perugia. Periodo delle origini (1462-74) (Perugia 1962). U. Nicolini, `Coppoli, Fortunato', DBI 28 (1983) 670-75. L. Wadding, Scriptores trium ordinum fratrum minorum (Rome 1908) 254.

Francesco Alvarotti, a Paduan, obtained his doctorate in Roman law by 1425 and in canon law by 1440. He studied under Raffaele Fulgosio and Raffaele Raimondi. From 1458 to 1460 he taught canon law at the University of Padua. He practised law in his city and served as vicar of the patriarch of Aquileia, then of the bishop of Padua. F. died in 1460.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: I. Ziletti, Consiliorum seu responsorum ad causas criminales I (Venice 1572) n. 74, MANUSCRIPTS: Ravenna, Class. 450, Class. 485, vol. IV, V, X; Venice, Marc. lat. V 2 [2324].

2. Oratio pro Michaele Donato doctoris laurea in utroque iure insignito, MANUSCRIPT: Padua, Bibl. Antoniana 687.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 328. M. Blason Berton, `Una famiglia di giuristi padovani: Pietro, Giacomo e Francesco Alvarotti (Speroni) e la loro biblioteca di diritto (1460)', Bollettino del Museo civico di Padova 53 (1964) 95-150. V. Lazzarini, `L'avvocato dei carcerati poveri a Padova nel Quattrocento', Atti e memorie della r. Accademia di scienze, lettere ed arti in Padova 26 (1910) 247-63; reprint in V. Lazzarini, Proprietà e feudi, offizi, garzoni, carcerati in antiche leggi veneziane (Rome 1960) 77-87.



Francesco degli Atti, born at Todi at studied the canon law until the doctorate. He was elected bishop of Corfu in 1348, but translated to Chiusi the same year. There he composed his only known canonical treatise, dealing with his, the episcopal share of the tithes. He later transferred to Cassino (1353) and Florence (1355). In 1357, he finally moved to the papal court at Avignon, after Pope Innocent VI had made him cardinal. He died in 1361.

TEXT: De quarta canonica, MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, B.N. lat. 1225, fol. 102r-104v, lat. 4569, fol. 17r-20v.

LITERATURE: Anon., `Atti, Francesco degli', DBI 4 (1962) 545-46.


 

Francesco Argenta, born in Cremona, he obtained his doctorate in 1507. In 1507-1508, he was teaching canon law at Padua.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 326.

Francesco Barozzi (Barocius, Barochius) was teaching canon law at the University of Padua ca. 1440-53, where Antonio Roselli soon joined him as a colleague of Antonio Roselli. In 1464, he appears as Decreti interpres, an activity he carried out until 1466, when F. was named bishop of Treviso. He died in Rome in 1471.

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 194. A. Sottili, `L'Università italiana e la diffusione dell'Umanesimo nei paesi tedeschi', Humanistica Lovaniensia 20 (1971) 5-21.

Francesco Brevio (Brevius), a Venetian, was teaching canon law at Padua in 1475/80. He was appointed judge of the Roman Rota by Pope Sixtus IV in 1482, despite the grave moral accusations brought forth against him by his colleagues. After vigorously pursuing the episcopal dignity and several aborted attempts, he finally became bishop of Ceneda in 1498. He died in 1508.

TEXTS: Pastorales conciones

2. Morales quaestiones ex iure canonico.

3. De auctoritate pontificis

4. In librum VI decretalium

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 241, 324, 355. Schulte, QL II 298 n.18 (reads `Brentius'). R. Zapperi, `Brevio, Francesco', DBI 14 (1972) 205-07.

Francesco Capodilista (iunior), son of Giovanni Francesco Capodilista, was born at Padua around 1405, where he studied and became a doctor of Roman law in 1430. He apparently taught there from 1433-40, when he left Padua for political reasons. During his absence, he must have acquired a doctorate in canon law, because upon his return, in 1442, he is occasionally addressed in this capacity and may have taught the discipline. His works, however, all deal with civilian matters. He died c. 1462/63.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 194-99.

Francescus de Arceriis, bishop of Squillace (15th c.), wrote a treatise on faith which  contains canonistic elements.

TEXT: Tractatus de fide catholica, Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus (Lyons 1549), 1 fol. 7v-14r; Tractatus universi iuris XIV (Venice 1584), Vol. 14, fol. 2r-7v; MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5922, fol. 97va-111rb.

LITERATURE: E. Cortese, 'Sulla scienza giuridica a Napoli tra Quattro e Cinquecento', Scuole diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia  (Catania 1985) 1.87.



Francesco Fazi, archpriest of Salmaza, became a doctor of canon law at Padua in 1501 and later taught there, from 1503 to his death in 1505.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 337.

Francesco Malchiostro da Parma, born at Parma c. 1465, received his doctorate at Pisa, 1490/91, and continued to teach there until 1498, when he assumed a teaching position in canon law at Padua (1499-1501). He taught again there in 1507, now a member of the college of Paduan jurists, but died suddenly in the same year.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 199.

 

Francesco Piazza (see Franciscus de Platea).




Francesco Porcellini, born at Padua around 1405, became doctor of both laws in 1429, and taught civil law at the University until 1462. Then he transferred to Ferrara to teach until 1466. A note from 1474 mentions him as dead. None of his works deals predominantly with canon law, nor do we have any precise notice about an assignment to lecture on canon law.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 200-203.

 

Francesco Rossi (De Rubeis), from Padua, taught canon law there in 1483.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 343.


Francesco Vercellese, from Padua, taught canon law there for some time as an extraordinary lecturer. There is also evidence of his activities as a lawyer at Padua from 1466-69.

TEXT: Consilia, MANUSCRIPT: Siena, Archivio dell'Università, MS senza signatura.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 203-04.

Francisco de Roda (fl. 1457) was doctor of canon law and offical of the bishop of Lérida.

TEXTS: Allegationes, MANUSCRIPT: Seo de Urgel, Bibl. del Cab. 2098, fol. 1r-2r.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967)424; idem, `Notas sobre la canonistica iberica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 169.

 

Franciscus de Accoltis, born at Arezzo about 1418, spent his life as a wandering scholar of great renown with a high income. He taught law at Bologna (1440-45), Ferrara (1448-54, 1457-61), Siena (1454, 1466-79), and Pisa (1479-84), where he died in 1485/86. He served Francesco Sforza at Milan between 1461 and 1466 and wrote consilia upon various requests, among which one against the excommunication of Lorenzo de Medici and Florence after the attempt on Lorenzo's life in 1478.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura super decretalibus, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1481 (on X.2; Hain 40); Pescia 1486 (on De accus. inquis. et denunt.; Hain 46); Milan 1495 (on De accus. inquis. et denunt.; Hain 47); Pavia 1496 (on X.2; Hain 41).

2. Consilia seu responsa iuris, Early Printed Editions: Pisa 1482, 1483; Milan 1483; Pavia 1493; Venice 1499 (Hain 36-40).

LITERATURE: C. Corso, `Francesco Accolti d'Arezzo lettore di diritto nello studio di Siena', Bulletino senese di storia patria 72-73 (1955-56) 22-78. Schulte, QL II 333-34.  Kenneth Pennington, The Prince and the Law, 1200-1600: Sovereignty and Rights in the Western Legal Tradition (Berkeley-Los Angeles-London: University of California Press, 1993) 248-259.

 

Franciscus de Barellis co-authored a treatise on usury together with Bartolus de Novaria. According to its explicit, he was doctor of both laws at Padua at an uncertain date (14th c.?).

TEXT: Tractatus de usuris (on X 5.19.6), MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Kap. N.9.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 451.

 

Franciscus Barochius (see Francesco Barozzi).

 

Franciscus Coscius, from Siena, taught canon law at Siena and Pisa and died in 1556.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 370.

 

Franciscus de Horta wrote consilia that were published with those of Johannes Calderinus.

TEXTS: Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1550.

LITERTAURE: Schulte, QL II 252 n.26.

 

Franciscus de Platea (Fra Francesco Piazza), born at Bologna, entered the order of the Friars in 1424. Later he became doctor of both laws and preached the crusade against the Turks. He died in 1460.

TEXTS: 1. Opus sive tabula sive tractatus restitutionum, usurarum et excomunicatioum, Early Printed Editions: s.l., s.a.; Venice 1472, 1474, 1477; Padua 1473; Cologne 1474; Paris 1476; Speyer 1489 (Hain 14034-41); Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 14, fol. 347rb-363ra.

2. De actu matrimoniali

LITERATURE: see C. Piana, Il beato Marco da Bologna [1479] e il suo conuento di S. Paolo in monte nel Quattrocento (Bologna 1973). Schulte, QL II 446.

 

Franciscus de Tigrinis, is mentioned as the teacher of Petrus de Ubaldis at Pisa, ca. 1370.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 277.


Franciscus Zabarella, born at Padua in 1360, studied at Bologna under Laurentius de Pinu, Andrea da San Gerolamo and Johannes de Legnano. He took the examinations in canon law there in 1382 and moved to Florence, where he received the doctorate utriusque iuris in 1385. In 1391, Zabarella moved back to Padua to teach law until 1410. His most important student was Panormitanus. Zabarella was made archpriest at the cathedral of Padua in 1398 and bishop of Florence in 1410. In 1411, F. was elevated to the cardinalate by the antipope John XXIII, despite the fact that he never seems to have advanced beyond minor orders. Zabarella was one of the most important advocates of the conciliar movement and played a prominent role during the council of Constance. He died there in 1417 from an outbreak of plague, amid rumors of his impending election to the Papacy. When hearing of his death, the Emperor Sigismund is said to have declared, `Hodie mortuus est papa'. He was buried in the cathedral of Padua.

Zabarella wrote an extensive commentary on the Clementines and a shorter one on the decretales. He also wrote a number of repetitiones and consilia. One part of his commentary on the decretales consisted of a treatise on the Schism which mustered legal arguments in favor of the Council. Zabarella is perhaps best remembered as the canonist who crafted a legal basis for conciliar authority.

TEXTS: 1. Commentaria in Decretales, A. in primum librum (X 1): Early Printed Editions: final version: Venice 1502, 1602; Lyons 1518, 1557-58. MANUSCRIPTS: Padua, Bibl. Capit. C.22 and D.12; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2254-55; B. in secundum librum (X 2): Early Printed Editions: first version: Venice 1502, 1602; Lyons 1517-18.

MANUSCRIPTS: final version: Padua, Bibl. Capit. D.13 and B.5; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2256, lat. 2257; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 5019; C. in tertium librum (X 3): Early Printed Editions: final version: Venice 1502, 1518, 1602; Lyons 1557-58, MANUSCRIPTS: Brussels, Bibl. Royale II.1429 (final version?); Padua Bibl. Capit. D.13 and D.16. D. in quartum librum (X 4): Early Printed Editions: first version: Venice 1502, 1602; Lyons 1517, 1557-58, MANUSCRIPTS: final version: Padua, Bibl. Capitolare, D 14; Graz, Universitätsbibl., 728; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1053; Ottobeuren, Bibl. der Abtei O.56; Seitenstetten, Stiftsbibl. 2; Sankt Gallen, Stiftsbibl. 741; Vatican City, Vat. Ross. lat. 564; Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, lat. IV 36 (2507); Venice, Bibl. Nazionale Marciana, lat. IV 31 (2647); Toledo, Bibl. del Cabildo, 16-12; E. in quintum librum (X 5): Early Printed Editions: first version: Venice 1502, 1602; Lyons 1517, 1557-58.

MANUSCRIPTS: final version: Seitenstetten, Stiftsbibl., 2; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2258; Venice, Bibl. Naz. lat. IV 32 [2648]; lat. IV 33 [2432]; F. in primam partem decretalium: MANUSCRIPT: Dillingen, Kreis-und Studienbibl. XV.9.

2. Repetitiones in decretales

A. in c. Licet, tit. de electione (X 1.6.6; see Tractatus de scismatibus)

B. in c. Perpendimus, tit. de sent. excomm. (X 5.39.23), Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1499 (Hain 16261); Venice 1502, 1602; Lyons 1517, 1557-58; MANUSCRIPTS: Graz, Univbibl. 1294; Nürnberg, Stadtbibl. Cent. VI.7; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5925, fol. 50ra-65rb.

3. Lectura in Ut animarum, de constitutionibus (VI. 1.2.2), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587, Cologne 1618) V, fols. 43-45v.

4. Lectura in constitutiones Clementinas, Early Printed Editions: Naples [no date]; Rome 1477; Venice 1481; 1487; 1498; 1499; Torino 1492; Lyons 1498:(Hain 16250-57).

MANUCRIPTS: Coimbra, Biblioteca da Universidade 725   My thanks to Professor José Domingues (Universidade Lusíada, of Porto, Portugal) for the information about the Coimbra manuscript.

5. Tractatus de schismatibus authoritate imperatoris tollendis (De unione ecclesie)

Early Printed Edition: first version: see editions of consilia, n. 150; final version (under the title Repetitio in c. Licet, tit. de elect. (X 1.6.6): Strasbourg 1545, 1609; in Villa Sanvicentina 1607; s.l. 1608; also in the commentaria in primum librum decretalium (X 1); S. Schard (ed.), De iurisdictione, autoritate et praeminentia imperiali (Basel 1566, 1587) 688-711; S. Schard, Syntagma tractatuum de imperiali iurisdictione (Strasbourg 1609) 235-47; Theodoricus a Niem, Historie sui temporis (Strasbourg 1609, 1629) 535-70; S. Schard (ed.), Sylloge historico-politico-ecclesiastico (Strasbourg 1618) 235.

6. Consilia (Early Printed Editions: Pescia 1490, 1495; Milan 1496 Hain 16258-60). R. Creytens, Archivum fratrum praedicatorum 22 (1952) 346-80; MANUSCRIPTS: Escorial, d.II.7; Florence, Bibl. Naz. Magliab. XXIX 172; Ravenna, Class. 485, vol. III, V, VII; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 10962; Vat. lat. 11605.

7. De horis canonicis; Early Printed Edition: V. O. Ludwig (1910) 139-178.

8. De modo studendi in iure, Early Printed Edition: D. Girgensohn, in preparation

9. Quaestiones, Early Printed Edition: s.l., s.a. (Hain 16262).

10. Tractatus? MANUSCRIPT: Genoa, Bibl. della Congregazione dei missionari urbani 55. 

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 204-208. R. Creytens O. P.,`Un "consilium" de François Zabarella et de Jacques de Piemont relativ aux observances dominicaines', Archivum fratrum predicatorum 22 (1952) 346-80. D. Girgensohn, 'Francesco Zabarella aus Padua', Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte Kanonistische Abteilung 79 (1993) 232-277.  Girgensohn, Dieter, 'Die Stellung Francesco Zabarellas im Humanismus', Studia z dziejów średniowiecza I czasów wczesnonowozytnych Prace ofiarowane Profesorowi Zenononowi Hubertowi Nowakowi w sześcdziesiątą piątą rocznicę urodzin I czterdziestolecie pracy naukowej, hg. Von Andrezej Radziminski, Janusz Tandecki (1999) 57-72.  Dieter Girgensohn, 'Francesco Zabarella da Padova: Dottrina e attività Politica di un professore di diritto durante il grande scisma d’Occidente', Quaderni per la Storia dell’Università di Padova 26-27 (1993-1994) 1-48.  August Kneer, Kardinal Zabarella. Ein Betrag zur Geschichte des grossen abendländischen Schismas (Münster 1891). Stephan Kuttner, `Francesco Zabarella's Commentary on the Decretals: note on the editions and the Vatican Manuscripts', BMCL 16 (1986) 97-101. V. O. Ludwig, `Ein neuaufgefundener Traktat Franz Zabarellas "De horis canonicis",' Jahrbuch des Stiftes Klosterneuburg 3 (1910) 139-78. D. Maffei, `Un magistrato del Quattrocento, Pier Filippo Martorelli da Spoleto, e l'edizione principe della "Lectura clementinarum" di Francesco Zabarella', SG 13 (1967) 110-28. Friedrich Merzbacher, `Die ekklesiologische Konzeption des Kardinals Francesco Zabarella (1360-1417)', Festschrift Karl Pirec, ed. A. Haidacher, H. E. Mayer (Innsbruck 1966) 279-87. Thomas Morrissey, `The Art of Teaching Law: The manuscripts of a Tract by Franciscus Zabarella (1360-1417)', BMCL 4 (1974) 78-79; idem, `Cardinal Zabarella on Papal and Episcopal Authority', Proceedings of the Patristic, Medieval and Renaissance Conference 1 (Villanova 1976) 39-52; idem, `The decree "Haec Sancta" and Cardinal Zabarella: His Role in its Formulation and Interpretation', AHC 10 (1978) 145-76; idem, `Franciscus Zabarella (1360-1417)', Reform and Authority in the Medieval and Reformation Church, G. F. Lytle, ed. (Washington D.C. 1981) 37-54; idem, `The sun and moon image: A late medieval critic', The Jurist 42 (1982) 170-79; idem, `The Call for Unity at the Council of Constance: Sermons and Adresses of Cardinal Zabarella, 1415-1417', Church History 53 (1984) 307-18. A. Piaia, `La fondazione filosofica della teoria conciliare in Francesco Zabarella' in Scienza e filosofia all'Università di Padova nel Quattrocento, A. Poppi ed. (Padova 1983) 431-61. T. Sartore, `Un discorso inedito di Francesco Zabarella a Bonifacio IX sull'autorità del papa', Rivista di storia della Chiesa in Italia 20 (1966) 375-88. Schulte, QL II 283-85. Brian Tierney, Foundations of the Conciliar Theory (Cambridge 1955) 220-237. Walter Ullmann, The Origins of the Great Schism (London 1948) Appendix: `Cardinal Zabarella and His Position in the Conciliar Movement' 191-237. Antonio Zardo, `Francesco Zabarella a Firenze (il Cardinale Fiorentino)', Archivio Storico Italiano series 5, vol. 22 (1898) 1-22. Gasparo Zonta, Francesco Zabarella (1360-1417) (Padova 1915).


 

Frater Jacobus (see Jacobus canonicus in monte S. Johannis)

Gabriel Capodilista, a Paduan and son of the civilian Johannes Franciscus, became professor of canon law at Padua at the beginning of the 14th c., then archbishop of Aix and cardinal under Pope Clement V (1305-14). His canonistic works, if any, seem to be lost.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 231.



Galliano (da Angarano?), taught canon law at Padua in 1505.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 336.


Galvanus Becchini (see Galvanus de Bettino).

 

Galvanus de Bettino (de Bononia, Becchini)l, born c.1335, received his doctorate in canon law at Padua in 1361. He taught there at least for the years 1365-68. He was the first to hold the chair in canon law at Fünfkirchen (Pécs)  Hungary in 1371. He returned to Bologna in 1374, where he lectured, with the exception of an interlude at Padua (c.1379-82), until his death, before 1395.

TEXTS: Contrarietates glossarum iuris canonici, MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. 173; Cambridge, Harvard Law School, 189, fol. 133va-151va; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2638, fol. 234ra-44ra; Vat. Ross. lat. 727, fol. 228ra-244ra.

2. Casus qui iudicis arbitrio relinquitur, MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Harvard Law School, 189, fol.  125ra-133va; Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 651; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2660, fol. 100-106; Vat. lat. 1683, fol. 228-43.

3. Tractatus de differentiis legum et canonum, MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Harvard Law School, 189, fol. 151va-154ra;   Vatican City, Vat. lat. 10726, fol. 484v-488r.  PRINTED EDITIONS: sine loco, sine anno (Hain 7452); Venice 1491 (Hain 15061, together with the Summa of Goffredus Tranensis); Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584) Vol. 1, fol. 189ra-190rb

LITERATURE: H.Claude, 'Galvanus de Bettino', DDC 5 (1953) 931-33. Thomas Izbicki, 'Problems of Attribution in the Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584)', Studi Senesi 92 3rd series 29 (1981) 479-93. J.Portemer, Récherches sur les 'differentiae iuris ciuilis et canonici' au temps du droit classique de l'Église (Thèse de droit, 1: Paris 1946) 79-84. Schulte, QL II 286-89.

 

Galvanus de Bononia (see Galvanus de Bettino).


Garsias Hispanus appears in the list of graduates of the canon law at Bologna in 1393. He is mentioned as a teacher in Bolognese documents until 1420-21. His consilia further indicate that the civilian, Bartholomaeus de Saliceto, was among his teachers.

TEXT: 1. Consilia, MANUSCRIPT: Escorial, MS d.ii.7, fol. 104v-05v, 234rv, 319r-21r, 378v-79r, 473r-76r, 527rv, 540rv.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 5 (Salamanca 1976) 366-69.


 

Gaspar de Perusio (de Rossi), from Perugia, was a Benedictine abbot, before he was made Bishop of Frigento in 1424. He died in 1455.

TEXTS: 1. Tractatus de beneficiorum reservationibus, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 15.1,  fol. 244ra-248vb; MANUSCRIPT: Lucca, Bibl. Felin. ?

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 370.


Gaspare Calderini iunior, the son of the homonymous canonist, was a pupil of Petrus de Ancharano and Franciscus Ramponi at Bologna. Together with Petrus he edited a collection of consilia (Venice 1490), some of which bear his name.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: Venice 1490, n.12, 17, 27, 97, 217, 237; Pavia 1496, n.12, 17, 28, 98, 216, 236; MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 11605, fol. 142.

LITERATURE: H. J. Becker, `Calderini, Gaspare', DBI 16 (1973) 605-606. E. Steffenhagen, `G. Calderinus der Jüngere und ein Original-Manuskript seiner Consilien', ZRG 10 (1872) 293-96.


 

Gaspare Calderini senior, born at Bologna in 1345, was a son of the famous canonist Giovanni Calderini. He had obtained his doctorate in canon law by 1365 and began teaching in his home town. Besides writing many consilia and academic texts, he often participated in diplomatic missions as a Bolognese envoy. He died in 1399.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1472; Milan 1491, 1511; Venice 1497, 1582; Lyons 1550; MANUSCRIPTS: Escorial, Bibl. reale D.II.7; Lucca, Bibl. cap. Fel. 365 and 408; Ravenna, Bibl. Class. 485; Venice, Bibl. Naz. Marc. Lat. CL.V.2; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 10776, fol. 1r-11v

2. Repetitiones

A. Liber remissorius in iure canonum (on X 5.38.15), Early Printed Edition: Venice 1496.

B. others, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1587.

MANUSCRIPTS: Barcelona, ACA Ripoll 66, fol. 181; Halle, Universitätsbibl. Ye.79; Munich, Clm 5199, fol. 225.

3. Lectura in primo libro decretalium (X 1), Early Printed Edition: Venice 1581.

LITERATURE: H. J. Becker, `Calderini, Gaspare', DBI 16 (1973) 605-06. Schulte, QL II 264-65.

Gauthier le Gras: a Hospitaller who was doctor decretorum at Paris and Dean of the canon law faculty in 1389. In 1392 G. became proctor general for the order at Avignon. Later, he became Prior in the convent of Rhodes.

TEXTS:

LITERATURE: Anthony Lutrell, `Fourteenth century hospitaller lawyers', Traditio 21 (1965) 449-56.

Genzellinus (see Jesselin de Cassagnes).

Gerardus Carrara, an Augustinian friar from Bergamo, became bishop of Savona in 1342 and died in 1356. There survives a treatise of his which is based on a section of Liber sextus.

TEXT: 1. In Sextum decretalium de religiosis domibus (VI), MANUSCRIPTS:

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 560.

Ioannes Monachus (de Kina or Zinna?), a Cistercian monk, wrote a legal treatise that in large part derives from the Libellus fugitivus of Nepos de Monte Albano. The use of Liber sextus suggest a date of composition not much after 1298, at any rate before the appearance of the Clementines in 1317.

TEXT: 1. De defensorium iuris, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 3.2,  fol. 122rb-128va; MANUSCRIPTS: Erfurt, Stadtbibl. 69; Munich, Clm 5313, fol. 278-92, and   8785; Prague, Univ. knihovna III.B.21, fol. 90-117; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 4139, fol. 275-291.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 314-16.

Gerardus de Poshilaco

TEXT: 1. Repertorium iuris civilis et canonici, MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 4607; lat. 4608.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 370.

Gerardus de Senis, an Augustinian friar from Siena, wrote several legal tracts. He died around 1336.

TEXTS: 1. De prescriptione et usucapione (Rome, Bibl. Angelica MS 625, fol. 219-29.

2. De usuris montibus pietatis, MANUSCRIPT: Vienna, ÖNB lat. 4151.

3. Ad Clem., tit. de hereticis (Clem.)

4. Questio

LITERATURE: R. Aubert, `Gérard de Sienne', DHGE 20 (19xx) 799-801. G. Fransen, `De analogia legis apud canonistas', Periodica de re morali et canonica liturgica 66 (1977) 541-42. Schulte, QL II 204-05.

Gerolamo, prior of Santa Maria di Porciglia at Padua, taught the Decretum at the University around 1480.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 329.

Gerolamo Barbarano (Barbaro?), from Vicenza, lectured on the Decretum at Padua in 1498-99.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 330.


 

Gerolamo Barbaro, from Vicenza. lectured on the Decretum at Padua in 1473. He may be identical with G. Barbarano.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 328.

Gerolamo Giusti taught either canon or civil law at Padua

between 1498 and 1509.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 350, 356.

 

Gerolamo Sfondrati, from Cremona, taught canon law at Padua in 1505-06, after receiving his doctorate in canon law in 1504.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 330.



Gerolamo Zanettini (d. 1493). Born in Bologna from a noble family. H. became a doctor of both laws in 1457. He taught canon law there from 1458-69, civil law from 1469-71. Took up canon law again in 1472. In 1473, H. moved to Pisa where he taught until 1478. Then he returned to Bologna where he taught canon law until his death in 1493.

TEXTS: 1. Contrarietates seu diuersitates inter ius ciuile et canonicum Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1490 (Hain 16274); Tractatus illlustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum I (Venice 1584), fol. 197-208.

2. Casus conscientiales positi in rep. c. primi de accusat. Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1490 (Hain 16274)

3. De foro conscientiae et contentioso, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus illlustrium in utraque tum pontificii tum caesarei iuris facultate iurisconsultorum III.1 (Venice 1584), fol. 383-405.

4. Disputationes, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1499 (Hain 16275)

5. Consilium, EDITION: C. Mesini, Apollinaris 39 (1966) 134-57; MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, AS Riform. dello Studio, provv., decreti, notizie (no number).

LITERATURE: C. Mesini, `Consilium di Gerolamo Zanettini (m.1493) su la preceenza tra l'archidiacono et il rettore dell università di Bologna', Apollinaris 39 (1966) 119-57. J. Portemer, Recherches sur les `Differentiae iuris civilis et canonici au temps du droit classique de l'Église(Paris 1946) 101-107. Schulte, QL II 335.

Giacomo Alvarotti (iunior), born at Padua in 1482, taught canon law there from 1506 to 1509, then transferred to Ferrara where he died in 1549.

TEXT: Tractatus de dignitatibus ecclesiasticis, MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Kap. N.46.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 325. M. Blason Berton, `Una famiglia di giuristi padovani: Pietro, Giacomo e Francesco Alvarotti (Speroni) e la loro biblioteca di diritto (1460), Bollettino del Museo civico di Padova 53 (1964) 95-150. Schulte, QL II 375.

Giacomo Leone, from Padua, taught canon or civil law at Padua in 1468. Perhaps he is identical with a teacher of the same name who lectured on canon law at Padua in 1500-01.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 325, 342, 348, 354.



Giacomo Leonessa, a canon from Padua, taught canon and civil law there from at least 1464 until his death in 1472.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 215.


(Beato) Giacomo della Marca, from Naples, is the author of a fifteenth-century confessional treatise.

TEXT: 1. Regula confitendi peccata, Early Printed Editions: Naples 1490; Hain 10748.

LITERATURE: E. Cortese, `Sulla scienza giuridica a Napoli tra Quattro e Cinquecento', Scuole diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia I (Catania 1985) 85 n.145.

Jacobus de  Zochis (Zocchus) studied canon law in his home town, Ferrara, where he received his doctorate. He then transferred to Bologna to teach for four years, 1425-1429. For the following accademic year, 1429-1430, he moved on to Padua. There he continued to lecture on canon law, with some interruptions, until his death in 1457. He was further active as a judge and author of consilia.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura in Decretales (X), A. in primum librum (X 1), MANUSCRIPT: Dillingen, Kreis- und Studienbibl. XV 70; B. in tit. de constitutionibus (X 1.2), MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 231, fol. 123-43; C. in c. Cognoscente, tit. de const. (X 1.2.1), MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6524; D. in c. Pastoralis, tit. de rescriptis (X 1.3.14), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) II, fol. 203v-206r; E. in c. Constitutus, tit. de rescriptis (X 1.3.19), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) II, fol. 206r-207v; F. in c. Super literis, tit. de rescriptis (X 1.3.20), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) II, fol. 207v-210r; G. in c. Ab excommunicato, tit. de rescriptis (X 1.3.41), MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6524; H. in c. Bonae memoriae, tit. de postul. praelat. (X 1.5.4), Early Printed Edition: Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) II, fol. 220r-222v; I. in secundam partem libri primi (X 1), MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 8785; K. in primam partem libri secundi (X 2), MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 99; L. in secundam partem libri secundi (X 2), MANUSCRIPT: Dillingen, Kreis- und Studienbibl. XV 71; M. in quibusdam titulis libri secundi (X 2), MANUSCRIPT: Bologna, Coll. di Spagna 108; N. in posteriores titulos libri secundi (X 2), MANUSCRIPT: Ravenna, Class. 451; O. in librum IV (X 4), MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibl. Magdeburg 10; Munich, Clm 6457; Prague, Univ. knihovna XIII.E.8.

2. Repetitio in c. Omnis, tit. de poen et rem. (X 5.38.12)

Early Printed Editions: Padua 1472 (Hain 16288); Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587) II, fol. 402r-433r.

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: I. Ziletti (ed.), Criminalium consiliorum atque responsorum(Venice 1560) vol.I, n.69; I. Ziletti (ed.), Consiliorum seu responsorum ad causas criminales(Venice 1572) vol.I, n.81, 4. Tractatus de arbore consanguinitatis et affinitatis; MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Univ. knihovna XIII.E.8; 5. Tractatus de differentiis casuum fori contentiosi et conscientiae, MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Univ. knihovna XIII.E.8.

6. Tractatus de ieiuniis, Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyon 1549) XV, fol. 430v-432r; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), 14, fol. 159vb-162rb; MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 6573; Padua, Bibl. Univ. n. provv. 275; Perugia, S. Pietro CM 57; Ravenna, Class. 450; Class. 485, vol. IV, V, VII, IX, X; Venezia, Bibl. Marc. lat. V 2.

7. Tractatus de pactis (X 1.35), MANUSCRIPT: Prague, Univ. knihovna XIII.E.8.

8. Tractatus de poen. et rem. (X 5.38)

Lyons, Bibl. Munic. 387; Munich, Clm 833; Clm 3808; Clm 6572; Clm 6948; Prague, Univ. knihovna XIII.E.8; Regensburg. Bibl. des Kollegiatstifts 10.5.15; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 4036.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 216-21. L. Montobbio, `I quattro codici di Giacomo Zocchi', Benedictina 10 (1956) 49-60. Schulte, QL II 327-28.


Ioannes Francescus de Pavinis (Franciscus Patavinus) received his doctorate in canon law at Padua in 1445 and was teaching there since c. 1448. G. was called to Rome by Pope Paul II (1464-71) and named an auditor of the Rota, a position which he held through the reigns of Sixtus IV and Innocent VIII until his death in 1484..

TEXTS: 1. Tractatus visitationum episcoporum, Early Printed Edition: Rome 1475 (Hain 12528); Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 14, fol. 178va-213vb

2. Tractatus de officio et potestate capituli sede uacante Early Printed Editions: Venice 1476, 1496 (Hain 12560); Rome 1481 (Hain 12529); Paris 1512, 1516, 1532; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XV, fol. 165v-189v; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 13,  fol. 407v-431r.

3. Additiones ad tres extravagantes Johannis XXII cum commento domini Guilhelmi de Monte Lauduno, Early Printed Editions: Lyons, s.l.n.d. (Hain 9385); Rome 1475 (Hain 12528).

4. Collectio decisionum Rotae Early Printed Editions: Rome 1477 (Hain 6046); Pavia (Hain 6050).

5. Decisionum extractum a quodam libro quem Thomasus Fastoli compilavit editio, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1483; Ticini 1485-86; Venice 1492, 1496 (twice).

6. Interpretamenta in extravagantes viginti Johannis XXII, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1514, 1524, 1532, 1584; Lyons 1519, 1671.

7. Commentaria in extravagantes communes, Early Printed Edition: Rome 1584.

8. Commentum extravag. comm. Vas electionis, sub tit. de censibus (Extravag. comm. 3.10.1), Early Printed Editions: Rome 1475 (Hain 12528), 1514; Lyons 1671.

9. De visitationibus sive Baculus pastoralis, Early Printed Editions: Rome 1475; Paris 1512, 1516; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XIV, fol. 115r-148r; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 14, fol. 178v-213v.

10. Regularum cancellariae reelaboratio, Early Printed Edition: Lyons 1671.

11. Tractatus iuridici (?), MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. Barb. lat. 1287.

12. Votum contra Iudeos Tridentinos, Early Printed Edition: Rome 1478 (Hain 9934, 12573).

13. Consilia, MANUSCRIPT: El Escorial, d.II.6.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 326-27; A. Bertola, `Francois de Pavinis', DDC 5 (1953) 899-901. Schulte, QL II 331-33.


 

Gimignano Inghirami, born at Prato in 1370, studied law at Bologna under Gaspare Calderini, Antonio da Butrio and Petrus de Ancharano, to receive the doctorate in 1398. Since 1399, he serves in the ecclesiastical administration, first as a vicar of the bishop of Pistoia, then soon at the papal curia. He acted as a papal representative at important political missions. Besides his own legal repertory and a collection of court decisions, he left, at his death in 1460, a whole library of books on canon law.

TEXTS: 1. Repertorium per rubricas Decretalium, MANUSCRIPT: Florence, Laur. Aedil. 69-74.

2. Decisiones, consilia, MANUSCRIPTS: Prato, Roncioniana 29-30, 338-39.

LITERATURE: C. Guasti, `Ricordanze di messer Gimignano Inghirami concernenti la storia ecclesiastica e civile dal 1378 al 1452', Archivio storico italiano 1 (1888) 20-68. D. Maffei, `La biblioteca di Gimignano Inghirami', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 217-36.




Giorgio Cavallini, from Padua, was appointed to lecture there on the Liber sextus and the Clementines in 1509, but never did because of the suspension of teaching due to the outbreak of war between Venice and the League.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 344.


 

Giorgio Nata, from Asti, lectured on the decretals at Ferrara, c. 1467-74, where he was a colleague of Felino Sandeo.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 350.

 

Giorgio Priuli, a Venetian, taught canon law at Padua from c. 1467 to 1472.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 354.

Giovanni (see also Johannes, Jean and Ioannes)


 

Giovanni d'Anania, from Anagni, studied both laws at Bologna and received the doctorate in 1423. Then he began teaching there. In 1443, he abandoned his professorial chair, however, to embark on a political career. His wife had died in the same year, and he also became a cleric, holding several offices as a canon at the cathedral of Bologna, since 1448 as the archdeacon. He died in 1457.

TEXTS: 1. Commentaria super V libro Decretalium (X 5), Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1479, 1497; Milan 1492, 1497 (Hain 938-41); Lyons 1546, 1553.

2. Commentaria super Sexto decretalium (VI), Early Printed Editions: Milan 1492 (Hain 942); Lyons 1546, 1553.

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Bologna 1481 (ed. Lodovico Bolognini), 1496 (Hain 936); Milan 1491, 1496; Venice 1496, 1575, 1576.

4. Quaestiones, MANUSCRIPT:

5. Disputatio in materia alienationis feudi, Early Printed Editions: Basel 1564; Selectae quaestiones juris variae (Cologne 1570) 460; also in Martinus de Carratti di Lodi, Opera feudorum(Frankfurt 1581).

6. Allegatio de salario et stipendio ac obligatione et promissione domini

MANUSCRIPT:

7. Tractatus de iubileo, Early Printed Editions: s.l, s.a. (Hain 943-44).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 320-22.

Ioannes Andreae, from Treviso, held a chair in canon law at Padua in 1432.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 351.

Ioannes Jacobus de Canibus, born at Padua, c. 1425, became doctor on both laws there around 1451. He taught predominantly canon law at Padua from at least 1448 until 1483. Curiously, he left various writings on civil law, but it is difficult to ascertain of his teaching of the Corpus iuris civilis. Giovanni died at his hometown in 1494.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura super Decretalibus (X), MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Universitätsbibl. 2.249.

2. Commentarium super tit. de iniuriis et dampno dato (or De represaliis; X 5.36)

Early Printed Editions: s.l., s.a. (Hain 4329); Padua 1472-73; Pavia 1479; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) XVII, fol. 16v-20v; Selecti tractatus iuris vere aurei .. in materia assecurationis (Cologne 1569: also Venice 1580) 434-46; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 12, fol. 275ra-279rb; Corpus tractatuum de pignoribus et hypothecis (Frankfurt 1586) 584-86; De mercatura decisionibus et tractatus varii (Lyons 1592) 837-49.

3. Breviarium Decretalium Gregorii IX, MANUSCRIPT: Naples, Bibl. Naz. I.H.50.

4. Consilia, Early Printed Edition: I. Ziletti (ed.), Consiliorum matrimonialium .. volumen I(Venice 1572) n.19-20; MANUSCRIPTS: Ravenna, Class. 485, vol. IV, V; Venice, Bibl. Marc. lat. V.2.

5. De executione ultimarum voluntatum; Early Printed Editions: Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) VII, fol. 84r-92v; Selecti tractatus iuris vere aurei de successione (Venice 1570) 383-407; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 8.1, fol. 185va-194vb; Selecti tractatus de successionibus(Cologne 1590) 818-925.

6. De modo studendi in utroque iure, Early Printed Editions: Padua 1476, 1485; Pavia 1484; Brno 1488; Berlin 1889 (ed. G. Pescatore).

7. De tabellionibus, Early Printed Editions: Padua 1482; Bologna 1482; Venioce 1556; Lyons 1559.

LITERATURE: C. Dionisotti, `Filologia umanistica e testi giuridici fra Quattro e Cinquecento', La critica del testo (Florence 1971) 194-204. A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 259-63. R. Ricciardi, `Cani (Cane, Canis, a Canibus, de Canibus), Giovanni Iacopo', DBI 18 (1976) 74-76. G. Tournoy, `Francesco Diedo, Venetian humanist and politician of the Quattrocento', Humanistica Lovaniensia 19 (1970) 201-19.

Giovanni Antonio Carafa, born c. 1407/08 at Naples, abandoned his former status as a cleric around 1439, when he was already doctor legum and taught at the University. While during his early life he was mostly active as a civilian, he later turned to canon law which he taught at Naples from at least 1468 and perhaps as long as until his death in 1486.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitiones in Decretales

A. in cap. Veniens (X 5.1.15), MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5922, fols. 53ra-78ra.

2. Repetitiones in Sextum

A. Repetitio in VI 5.12.4 (De restitutionibus), MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5922, fols. 1ra-52va; Vat. Barb. lat. 1493, fol. 84ra-96ra (fragmentary).

3. Repetitiones in Clementinas

A. Repetitio in Clem. 5.8.1

MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5922, fol. 129ra-146va.

4. De symonia, Early Printed Edition: Hain 4499 (cf. E. Cortese [1985] 83 n.140), MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5922, fol. 111ra-128va

LITERATURE: E. Cortese, `Sulla scienza giuridica a Napoli tra Quattro e Cinquecento', Scuole diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia I (Catania 1985) 51-54, 81-87. F. Petrucci, DBI 19.564.

Giovanni Citaro taught the decretals at Naples from at least 1478 to 1480.

LITERATURE: E. Cortese, `Sulla scienza giuridica a Napoli tra Quattro e Cinquecento', Scuole diritto e società nel mezzogiorno medievale d'Italia I (Catania 1985) 82 n.134.

Giovanni Garzo, a Venetian, lectured on canon law at Padua, 1438-54.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 352.

Giovanni Nicoletti da Imola, (see Johannes de Imola)


Giovanni Battista della Legge, a Venetian, taught canon law at Padua from c. 1466-72, when he became a candidate for the bishopric of Torcello.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 328, 354.

 

Giovanni Manfredi taught canon or civil law at Padua in 1445.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 353.

 

(Giovanni) Battista del Monte taught canon or civil law at Padua in 1502-03.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 325, 335.

(Giovanni) Francesco Mussato taught canon law at Padua in 1488.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 355.


Giovanni Antonio Panteo, a known humanist from Verona, taught canon law at Padua around 1478.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 355.

Giovanni Francesco Pasqualigo, from Venice, taught canon law at Padua from 1468-70.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 324.

 

Giovanni Francesco Pavini (see Gian Francesco Pavini)

 

Giovanni Battista Roselli, a cousin of Antonio Roselli, was born at Arezzo around 1430. He studied law at Padua from at least 1446 and became doctor of both laws c. 1452, when he joined the college of judges and began teaching canon law. From 1458 to 1464, for example, he was in chrage of the `schola Sexti', but in the following years his assignments rather concentrated on civil law. He returned to the teaching of canon law only in the 1480's. He held often changing posts after that, partly because of ill health, partly because he apparently did not think of leaving Padua and therefore could not exert pressure on the University to offer him permanent posts. He died in 1510.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: I. Ziletti (ed.), Criminalium consiliorum atque responsorum (Venice 1560) vol.I, n.90; I. Ziletti (ed.), Consiliorum seu responsorum in causis criminalibus (Venice 1571) vol. II, n.34; I. Ziletti (ed.), Consiliorum matrimonialium .. volumen I (Venice 1572) n.54; Pro Monte Pietatis consilia (Venice 1495-97) fol. 34r.

MANUSCRIPTS: Ravenna, Class. 485, vol. IV, V; Venice, Bibl. Naz. Marc. lat. V.2.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 247-50.


Giovanni Antonio Sacco taught canon law at Padua in 1486-87.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 246.
 

(Giovanni) Battista da Sanbiagio, born at Padova c. 1425, became doctor of law around 1458 and began teaching civil law in 1459. His work indicates an unusual interest in feudal law, and he may have been one of the first lecturers on the discipline at the University of Padua at some time during the 1470's. His first chair in canon law he did not obtain until the early 1480's, whereupon he transferred to Brescia to join the staff of the podestà. There he died in 1492.

TEXTS: 1. Repetitio in primam rubricam Decreti De iure naturae et constitutionis

Early Printed Editions: Venice 1481, 1498; Repetiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes(Venice 1587; Cologne 1618) I, fol. 2v-12r.

2. De contradictionum iuris canonici cum iure civili

Early Printed Editions: Venice 1477, 1478, Pavia 1498; Volumen tractatuum ex variis iuris interpretibus collectorum (Lyons 1549) I, fol. 155r-59v; Tractatus universi iuris (Venice 1584), Vol. 1, fol. 185ra-189ra; MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 28249.

3. Consilia, Early Printed Editions: Venice 1477; Pavia 1498; I. Ziletti (ed.), Responsiones ad causas ultimarum voluntatum (Venice 1581) vol. I, n. 146-48; vol. II, n. 34, 36-37, 101, 107; I. Ziletti (ed.), Criminalium consiliorum atque responsorum (Venice 1562) vol.II, n.76-77; I. Ziletti (ed.), Consiliorum seu responsorum in causis criminalibus (Venice 1571) vol. II, n.44.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 251-54. J. Portemer, Recherches sur les `Differentiae iuris civilis et canonici' au temps du droit classique de l'Église (Paris 1946) 95-100.

Giovanni da San Giorgio (see Johannes de S. Georgio)

Giovanni Speraindio, a Sicilian, taught at Padua, 1505-06, after receiving degrees in civil and canon law in 1505.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 325, 337.

Giovanni Battista da Thiene, from Vicenza, taught canon law at Padua in 1502.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 343.



Giovanni Ubaldini may have lectured on the Decretum at Padua in 1480, and can perhaps be identified with the abbot of San Daniel. LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 329.


 

Giovanni Ubaldini, abbot of Santa Maria di Praglia, taught canon law at Padua during the first decade of the 15th century.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 350.


 

Giovanni Ungaro (Ioannes Kakas Budensis) taught canon law at Padua in 1500-01 and received a degree in 1511.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 330.


 

Giovanni Vercellese was a teacher of canon law at Padua in 1454.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 353.

Giuliano Cesarini, born in Rome in 1398, studied law at Perugia, Bologna and Padua, where he obtained the doctorate in utroque iure and lectured for a while. He then pursued an ecclesiastical career as an auditor of the Rota (1422) and papal legate on numerous missions, which soon led him to the cardinalate (1426). He died during the battle of Varna in 1444.

LITERATURE: A. Belloni, Professori giuristi 350. B. Becker, Giuliano Cesarini (Münster 1935). G. Christianson, `Cesarini: The Conciliar cardinal. The Basel Years, 1431-38' (St. Ottilien 1979). J. Gill, `Cardinal Giuliano Cesarini (+1444)', in idem, Personalities of the Council of Florence(Oxford 1964) 95-103. F. Santovito, `Il cardinale Giuliano Cesarini (1398-1444)', Nicolaus 7 (1979) 187-92. A. Strnad - K. Walsh, `Cesarini, Giuliano'. DBI 24 (1980) 188-195.

Giulio Alberteschi, born in Rome, was a teacher of canon law at Padua while he was receiving degrees in both laws, 1506 and 1507. LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 325.

Goffredo lectured on canon law at Padua in 1500-01.

LITERATURE: Belloni, Professori giuristi 325.

Gonzalo García de Villadiego (see Gundisalvo de Villadiego)

Gotschalcus Hollen, an Augustinian friar at Osnabrück, wrote on the Ten Commandments and died in 1481.

TEXT: Praeceptorium divinae legis, Early Printed Edition: s.l., s.a.; Cologne 1481 (Hain 8765-66).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 451.

Gregorio Bencivicenni, professor of canon law at Florence in 1350. At least one consilium written by G. survives.

TEXTS: Consilium (see Guido Boucianni)

LITERATURE: M. Ascheri, `Analecta consiliare manoscritta (1285-1354)', BMCL 15 (1985) 61-94.

Guido de Baysio (the Archdeacon) was born c.1246-1256 in Baiso, near Modena. He studied canon law under Guido de Suzzara and Giovanni d'Anguissola at Reggio, where he received the doctorate in canon law. He then moved to Bologna and taught, first privately, from 1283 until 1301, before he finally obtained a chair in canon law from the city. Besides, he received support and privileges from the Papal curia and was involved in curial politics since 1295. In 1296 he was named Archdeacon of the Church of Bologna. In 1304, G. was made a papal chaplain and auditor of the court of Audientia litterarum contradictarum, so that he moved to Avignon with the papal court in 1305. While his most important student was Johannes Andreae, the canonistic work securing him fame was the Rosarium, an enormous commentary on Gratian's Decretum which he completed in 1300. Guido included a mass of material from earlier canonists such as Huguccio, Laurentius, and Vincentius which were not included in the Glossa ordinaria of Johannes Teutonicus as revised by Bartholomeus Brixiensis. He also composed an apparatus on the Liber Sextus. Guido died in 1313.

TEXTS: Rosarium Decretorum, MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl. Munic. 360; Arras, Bibl. Munic. 49 and 475; Autun, Bibl. Munic. 21; Darmstadt 348; Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 127 and 135; Frankfurt, Stadtbibl. 36; New Haven, Yale University MS 338 fol. 1r-211v; Prague, Mus. M.19; St. Omer, Bibl. Munic. 450; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2067. Early Printed Editions: Venice 1480; Strasbourg 1472; Rome 1477; [no location] 1481; [no location] 1495 (Hain 2715-2719).

2. Apparatus (Lectura) super Sexto, Early Printed Edition: Milan 1490 (Hain 2710).

MANUSCRIPTS: A. including the gloss on `Clericis laicos' (1304-06): Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1393; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2546; Vat. Urb. lat. 176; Vat. Barb. lat. 1455; B. omitting gloss on `Clericis laicos' (after 1206): Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1452; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2565; Vat. Borgh. 40; Vat. Borgh. lat. 233; Vat. Borgh. lat. 234; Vat. Borgh. lat. 259.

C. undetermined: Angers, Bibl. Munic. 374, 375, and 377; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 319, 324 (with decretal text), 328, and 356; Grenoble, Bibl. Munic. 54; Halle, Universitätsbibl. Ye. fol. membr. 44; 46; 48; Lucca, Bibl. Capit. Felin. 144, fol. 43r-201r; Munich, Clm 3888; Paris, B.N. lat. 4054, fol. 1r-158v; 4055, fol. 2r-131v; 8929, 11719; Rouen, Bibl. munic. E.12 (752), fol. 1r-142r; St. Omer, Bibl. Munic. 437 (with decretal text); Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2103 and 2104.

3. Tractatus super haeresi, Early Printed Edition: G. Mansi, Sacrorum conciliorum...amplissima collectio XXV (Venice 1782) 417-426.

MANUSCRIPT: Florence, Bibl. Laur. Plut. XX.39.

4. Constitutiones super observancia audienciae contradictarum Early Printed Edition: J. Teige, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Audientia Contradictarum I (Prag 1897).

MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. Pal. lat. 685, fol. 42v-43v; Vat. lat. 3986, fol. 2v-3v.

5. Quaestiones, MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. P. II. 23; Darmstadt 853.

A. Quaestio disputata per dominum Guidone Abaysii decretorum doctorem sub mcclxxxv die viii decembris MANUSCRIPT: Rome, Bibl. Casanatense MS 224, fol. 2-2v.

LITERATURE: R. Aubert, `Guy de Baisio', DHGE 22 (1989) 1255. F. Gillmann, `Guido de Baysio und Johannes de Anguissola', AKKR 104 (1924) 54-55. Thomas M. Izbicki, `Guido de Baysio's unedited gloss on "Clericis laicos",' BMCL 13 (1983) 62-67. Filippo Liotta, `Appunti per una biografia del canonista Guido da Baisio arcidiacono di Bologna', Studi senesi 76 (1964) 7-52. F. Liotta, `Baisio (Abaisi, Abaisio, Abaisius)', DBI 5 (1963) 293-97. Schulte, QL II 186-90.

Guido of Belvisio, from Bologna, taught canon law there, was advocate at the court of the podestàin 1298 and died before 1313.

TEXTS: 1. Tractatus contrarietatum et diuersitatum inter iuris canonicum et ciuile, MANUSCRIPTS: According to J. Portemer (1946), no MS of the treatise survives.

LITERATURE: M. Caravale, `Belvisi (Balvisio). Guido', DBI 8 (1966) 96-97. Charles Lefebvre, `Gui de Belvisio', DDC 5 (1953) 1008. J. Portemer, Recherches sur les `Differentiae iuris civilis et canonici au temps du droit classique de l'Église (Paris 1946) Schulte, QL II 191.

Guido Boucianni, taught canon law at the University of Florence in 1350. A consilium of his survives at the Archivo di stato at Florence.

TEXTS: Consilium (together with consilia Lapus de Sancto Miniato, Matteo di Narni, and Gregorio Bencivenni) Florence AS S.Domenico in Maglio.

LITERATURE: M. Ascheri, `Analecta manoscritta consiliare', BMCL 15 (1985) 61-94.

Guido de Leonico appears as decretorum doctor and university teacher in a document from 1326, preserved in the episcopal archives at Padua.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 256 n.8.

Guido de Monte Rotherii (also Roterio, Rocherii, Richori, Richory, Rochen) is known as the author of a manual for the secular clergy, including the treatment of confessional matters. The work was completed in 1330/33 at Terruel (Aragón) and is preceded by a dedicatory letter to the bishop of Valencia. Nothing else is known about G's life, although the success of his work outside of Spain was enormous. The Staatsbibliothek in Munich alone preserves 31 printed editions.

TEXT: Manipulus curatorum, Early Printed Editions: Hain 1827, 8157-8215.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 241; idem, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de historia de las ciencias ecclesiasticas en España 5 (Salamanca 1976) 369-72. H. Santiago Otero, `Guido de Monte Roterio. Manuscritos de sus obras en la Staatsbibliothek de Munich', Revista Española de Teología 30 (1970) 391-405; idem, `Guido de Monte Roterio y el "Manipulus curatorum",' Proceedings Salamanca (MIC C-6; Vatican City 1980) 259-65.   Conrado Guardiola Alcover,  "Los primeros datos documentales sobre Guido de Monte Roquerio, autor del Manipulus curatorum," Hispania 48/170 (1988) 797-826;  Pierre Michaud-Quantin,  "Guy de Montrocher,"  Dictionnaire de spiritualité ascétique et mystique 6 (Paris, G. Beauchesne, 1932-1995) 1303-1304;  Manuel José Pedraza Gracia,  "La introducción de la imprenta en Zaragoza: La producción y distribución del Manipulus Curatorum de Guido de Monterroterio, Zaragoza, Matheus Flandres, 15 de Octubre de 1475," Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 71 (1996) 65-71; AndrésPlumed Allueva,  "El Manipulus Curatorum, suma de moral pastoral del siglo XIV," Revista española de filosofía medieval 3 (1996) 101-108;  Schulte, QL II 429-30.

Guido Papa (Guipape), from Lyons, studied law at Montpellier, Pavia, and Torino, before he moved to Grenoble to become an advocate, in 1430. As a member of the provincial goverment (since 1444), he collected the decisions of the council, later parliament (after 1453) of the Dauphiné. His political career was finished, however, when the king charged him with illoyal behavior (1461). He nevertheless stayed at Grenoble for the rest of his life (d.1487), working on several legal treatises.

TEXTS: 1. Consilia

2. Singularia

3. tractatus de appellationibus:

4. Tractatus de rescriptis:

LITERATURE: L. Chabrand, Étude sur Gui Pape (1404?-1477) (Thèse, Univ. de Paris Fac. de droit: Paris 1912). G. Letonnellier, `Gui Pape', DDC 5 (1953) 1009-11. Schulte, QL II 370.

Guido Terreni, born around 1260, joined the Carmelites in 1290 and taught theology at Paris until 1318, when he was made general of his order. One of the great supporters of Pope John XXII and his policies, he became bishop of Majorca (1321) and Elne (1332), but spent much of his time at the papal curia at Avignon, where he died in 1342. He left a number of canonistic works such as the Expositorium Decreti, which offered a resume of Gratian's text for the use of theologians.

TEXTS: 1. Epistolae ad Iohannem utrum invocantes dominum sint haeretici, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. Borgh. 348.

2. Expositorium Decreti, MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, B.N. lat. 3914; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1453.

LITERATURE: P. Fournier, `Gui Terré (Guido Terreni), théologien', HLF 36 (1927) 432-73. A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de las Ciencias eclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 425. Thomas Izbicki, `The ecclesiology of Guido Terreni' (Ph.D. Diss. Cornell 1978); idem, `Infallibility and the erring pope: Guido Terreni and Johannes de Turrecremata', Law, church and society: essays in honor of Stephan Kuttner, K.Pennington and R.Sommerville, eds. (Philadelphia 1977) 97-105. J. Melsen, Guido Terreni (1260?-1342) jurista (Rome 1939). Roberto Naz, `Gui Terré ou Guido Terreni ou Gui de Perpignan', DDC 5 (1953) 1011-12. Schulte, QL II 230. Thomas Turley, `Infallibilists in the curia of Pope John XXII', Journal of Medieval History 1 (1975) 71-102; idem, `Guido Terreni and the Decretum', BMCL 8 (1978) 29-34.

Guillelmus Bont, member of the arts faculty at Paris, transferred in 1427 to the newly established University at Louvain, to be the first to receive the chair in canon law. He died there in 1454.

TEXT: 1. Lectura ad librum II Decretalium (X 2), MANUSCRIPTS: Brussels, Bibl. Royale 5268, 5269, fol. 1-140, and 5435.

2. Tractatus de usuris et emtione redituum vitalium et perpetuorum, Early Printed Editions: s.a., s.l. (Hain 3643); Tractatus universi iuris VII (Venice 1584) fol. 74.

LITERATURE: R. Naz, `Guillaume Bont', DDC 5 (1953) 1012-13. Schulte, QL II 451.

Guillelmus Durantis the younger († 1328)

TEXTS: Tractatus de modo generalis concilii celebrandi

LITERATURE: C. Fasolt, The manuscripts and editions of William Durant the younger's "Tractatus de modo generalis concilii celebrandi",' AHC 10 (1978) 290-309; idem, `Die Erforschung von Wilhelm Durants d.j. "Tractatus de modo generalis concilii celebrandi",' AHC 12 (1980) 205-28; idem, `A new view of William Durant the younger's "Tractatus de modo generalis concilii celebrandi",' Traditio 37 (1981) 291-324; idem, `At the crossroads of law and politics: William Durant the Younger's "Treatise" on councils', BMCL 18 (1988) 42-52; idem, Council and Hierarchy: The Political Thought of William Durant the Younger (Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought, 4th ser., 16; Cambridge 1991).

Guillelmus Hugonis, archdeacon of Metz, wrote a treatise, commissioned at Arras in 1435, on the Treaty of Troyes (1420) in order to prove that Phillip, Duke of Burgundy, was not bound by its provisions which made the English king the successor of Charles VI to the French throne.

TEXTS: Allegationes in tractatu pacis fiendo apud Atrebatum, MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2085, fol. 227va-30ra.

LITERATURE: Thomas Izbicki, `The canonists and the treaty of Troyes', Proceedings Salamanca(MIC C-6; Vatican City 1980) 432-34.

Guillelmus de Mandagato studied canon law at Bologna under Bérengar de Frédol and obtained a doctorate in 1275. By 1286, G. was serving in the Roman curia as an apostolic notary. He became a papal chaplain in 1291. In 1295, Boniface VIII appointed him to the archbishopric of Embrun, as well as to the commission drafting the Liber sextus (1296). G. briefly transferred to the see of Aix (1311-12), until he was made cardinal bishop of Palestrina in. G. died in December of 1321. G. was one of the editors of the Liber Sextus, wrote a tract on elections and drafted the statutes for the abbey of Montmajour. He was thought to have written a Summa on the Liber Extra, but this has recently been discounted.

TEXTS: 1. Tractatus de electionibus (cum glossis) (titled `Expositio'

Early Printed Editions: Paris 1506, 1523; Cologne 1573; Tractatus tractatuum (Venice 1584) vol. XV.1, fol. 407; MANUSCRIPTS: Autun, Bibl. Munic. 96; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. P.II.23, fol. 130-63 (cum glossis), P.III.12; Barcelona, Archivo de la Corona de Aragón, Ripoll 43, fol. 91r-124v (cum glossis); Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 276, fol. 147-79 (cum glossis); Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 277 (cum glossis); Erfurt, Wissenschafliche Allgemeinbibl. CA 2^o 144, fol. 1r-25r; Erlangen, Univsitätsbibl. 164; Frankfurt am Main, Stadt- und Universitätsbibl. Barth. 13, fol. 151r-170v; Halle, Universitätsbibl. Ye. fol. 50; Klosterneuburg, Stiftsbibl. 96; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 190-92; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 975; Munich, Clm 4111; Clm 9539; Paris, B.N. lat. 4055, fol. 183-202r; lat. 8926; lat. 14328, fol. 13ra-24vb (cum glossis); lat. 15415; Prague, Mus. M.17, fol. 133; Reims, Bibl. munic. 769, fol. 1r-18r; Troyes, Bibl. Munic. 379; 831 (item 6); 1172; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2210; Würzburg, Universitätsbibl. Mp. th. f.55.

2. see Liber sextus

3. Statutes for the abbey of Montmajour

LITERATURE: M. Betram, `Kirchenrechtliche Vorlesungen aus Orleans', Francia 2 91974) 216-17. G. Mollat, `Guillaume de Mandagout', DDC 5 (1953) 1077-78; idem, `Guillaume de Mandagout', DHGE 22.129-30 (1988) 951-52. Schulte, QL II 183-85. Paul Violet, `Guillaume de Mandagout canoniste', HLF 34 (1915) 1-61.

Guilelmus de Monte Laudano (Guilelmus de Monte Lauduno, Guillaume de Montlauzun), from Quercy, joined the Cluniac order and studied at Paris, where he obtained the doctorate in canon law. Until at least 1314, he was then professor at the University of Toulouse. It is uncertain where he spent the following years, during which he completed most of his canonistic works. Besides commentaries on the more recent decretal collections, they included the Sacramentale, a manual intended to guide canonists through the intricacies of theological sacramental doctrine. In 1321, Pope John XXII made him abbot of Montierneuf (Poitiers). For the rest of his life, he was involved in administrative matters, often on behalf of the papacy. Guilelmus died in 1343.

TEXTS: 1. Lectura super Sextum, Early Printed Edition: Toulouse 1524 with additions by Blaise Auriol>.

2. Apparatus in Clementinas, Early Printed Editions: partially in the Corpus iuris canonici (Rome 1475) (Hain 11595); Rouen 1512 (in part). MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl. Munic. 392, fol. 1r-102v; Barcelona, Archivo de la Corona de Aragón, Ripoll 43, fol. 1r-49r; Cambridge, Gonville and Caius Coll. 269 (=502), fol. 56r-127r; 311 (=709), fol. 1-88v; Cambridge, Peterhouse Coll. 65, fol. 65r-132r; Deene Park (Corby, Northamptonshire, England), Libr. of G.L.T. Brudnell D.7.6, fol. 241r-312r; Halle, Universitäts- und Landesbibl. Ye 57, 2^o, fol. 1r-129; Hereford, Cathed. Libr. O.viii.5, fol. 147r-212v; P.vi.7, fol. 61r-139r; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 379, item 7 (incomplete); London, Brit. Libr. Royal 11.C.xi, fol. 121r-178r; Naples, Bib. Naz. xii.A.7, fol. 1r-68r; Oxford, Bodleian Libr. lat. misc. b.20/1-2, fol. 241r-325v; Oxford, Corpus Christi Coll. 70, fol. 85r-135v; Oxford, Exeter Coll. 17, fol. 1r-61r; Oxford, New Coll. Libr. 180, fol. 38r--; 183, fol. 2r-179r (combined apparatus with that of Johannes Andreae); Paris, B.N. lat 4101, fol. 83r-159r (incomplete); lat. 14331, fol. 79r-115v; lat. 16902, fol. 166r-223v; Paris, Bibl. St. Geneviève 338, fol. 1r-182v; Prague, Univ. knihovna IV.D.3, Part 2 fol. 1r-180r; Reims, Bibl. Munic. 743, fol. 123r-216v; 769, fol. 57r-108v; Rouen, Bibl. Munic. E.12, fol. 260r-299v; Sainte-Claude, Bibl. Munic. 11, fol. 141-212 (incomplete); Saint-Omer, Bibl. nubic. 458, fol. 96v-156r; Salisbury, Cathed. Libr. 122, fol. 17r-144; Valenciennes, Bibl. munic. 270, fol. 45r-100; Vatican City, Vat. Ross. 565, fol. 1r-64r; Sainte-Claude, Bibl. munic. 11, pp. 141-212 (incomplete); Saint-Omer, Bibl. munic. 458, fol. 96v-156r; Salisbury, Cathed. Libr. 122, fol. 17r-144; Valenciennes, Bibl. munic. 270, fol. 45r-100; Vat. Ross. 565, fol. 1r-64r; Vat. lat. 1397, fol. 69r-130r; Worcester, Chapter Libr. F.168, fol. 86r-end.

3. Apostilla ad Clementinas (1.2.3) MANUSCRIPT: Barcelona, Archivo de la Corona de Aragón, Ripol. 43, fol. 55v.

4. Repetitiones in universas fere iuris canonici partes (Venice 1587; Cologne 1618), vol. VI (in part), MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl.. Munic. 380; Bamberg P. III 3 and 19; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 461; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 379 and 386; Paris, B.N. lat. 16902; Prague, Univ. knihovna IV D. 3l; St. Omer, Bibl. Munic. 440, 441, and 458.

3. Commentaria super tres extravagantes Ioannis XXII, suscepti regiminis, Execrabilis, and Sedes apostolica. This is usually found at the end of Guillelmus's Apparatus in Clementinas, thus folio references often indicate only the endpoint of the work.

Early printed edition: Rome 1475 <with additions by Franciscus de Pavanis>; (Hain 11595); by P. Chappuis (Paris 1500); MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Peterhouse Coll. 65, fol. -132r; Deene Park (Corby, Northamptonshire, England), Libr. of G.L.T. Brudenell, xviii.a.2 (XXC.7), fol. 312r-325v; Frankfurt am Main, Stadt- und Universitätsbibl. Barth. 13, fol. 140r-148v; Fulda, Landesbibl. D.15; Halle, Universitäts- und Landesbibl. Ye. 57, 2^o, fol. 129-149; Hereford, Cathed. Libr. P.vi.7, fol. 139r-152v; Oxford, Bodleian Libr. lat. misc. 6.20/1-2, fol. -325; Oxford, Corpus Christi Coll. 70, fol. -135v; Oxford, Exeter Coll. 17, fol. -61r; Oxford, New Coll. 180, fol. -130v; Paris, B.N. lat. 4116; 14331, fol. -115v; 16902, fol. -223v; Reims, Bibl. munic. 743, fol. -216v; Salisbury, Cathed. Libr. 31, fol. 142v-149r; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1397, fol. -130r.

4. Sacramentale, MANUSCRIPTS: Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 189 and 316; Magdeburg, Gymn. 101, and 206; Munich, Clm 3061; Clm 3822; Clm 3876; Prague, Univ. knihovna V.B.17, fol. 224-297; Prague, Kap. N.11; Trier, Stadtbibl. 911; Troyes, Bibl. Munic. 1260.

5. Commentary on the constitution Summi magistri and others by Pope Benedict XII.

MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 4121; LITERATURE: P. Fournier `Guillaume de Montlauzun, canoniste', HLF 35 (1921) 467-503. Guillaume Mollat, `Guillaume de Montelauzun', DDC 5 (1953) 1078-1079; idem, `Guillaume de Montlauzun', DHGE 22.192-30 (1988) 970. Schulte, QL II 197-99.

Guillelmus Parisiensis, a Dominican, was the confessor of King Philip of France from 1305 and the chief investigator in Philip's campaign against the French Templar's from 1307 onwards. At an earlier stage of his career, G had studied at Paris, probably theology. A repertory of the Decretum and Liber extra, called Tabula iuris (before 1298), originates from that period. G. died around 1314.

TEXTS: Tabula super Decretales et Decreta, MANUSCRIPTS: Bonn, Universitätsbibl. 792, fol. 82ra-132vb; Brugge, Stadsbibl.372, fol. 229ra-255rb; Florence, Laur. S. Croce Plut.1 sin.7, fol. 30ra-119rb; Kraków, Jag. 2131, fol. 1-150v; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 930, fol. 182-235; Lüneburg, Jur. E.28; Madrid, BN 478, fol. 1-130v; Munich, Clm 7544, fol. 1-57vb; Padua, Univ. 2175; Paris, B.N. lat. 13667, fol. 1-140v; Vatican City, Vat. Borgh. lat. 276, fol. 1-67vb; Venice, Bibl. Marc. iv.62, fol. 1-138; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2194, fol. 33-85, lat. 2225, fol. 1-84v; Würzburg, Universitätsbibl. M.p.th.o.17, fol. 1-170vb.

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 2 (Rome 1975) 130-32. R. Naz, `Guillaume de Paris', DDC 5 (1953) 1079-80.

Guillaume de Cayeux, a Dominican, was prior of St. Joseph at Paris, 1286-96, and later head of the order for the French province (1296-1302 and 1306-9). He composed a confessional Summawhich is an abridgement of the work of Johannes of Freiburg. This abbreviation he also published rearranged in alphabetical order.

TEXTS: 1. Summa abbreviata, MANUSCRIPTS: Aberdeen, Univ. 108, fol. 1-171; Arras, Bibl. munic.356; Bayeux, Chapter 39; Brussels, Bibl. Roy. 2486, fol. 1-209v; Cambrai, Bibl. Munic. 1231; Clermont Ferrand, Bibl. Munic. 100, fol. 1-138v; Milan, Ambros. H.207, fol. 3ra-176vb; Paris, B.N. lat. 3727A; lat. 17493; Pavia, Univ. Aldini 8; St. Omer, Bibl. Munic. 313; St. Florian, Stiftsbibl. xi.143; Tarragona 79, fol. 16-205; Zagreb, Nac. MR 114, fol. 4-145v,

2. Summa abbreviata secundum ordinem alphabeti, MANUSCRIPTS: Klagenfurt, Perg. 16, fol. 1-154v; Klosterneuburg 1125, fol. 9-147; Munich, Clm 8019, fol. 1ra-185vb; Clm 8020, fol. 2-168v; Clm 18747, fol. 1-260vb.

LITERATURE: J. Dietterle, `Die "Summae confessorum (sive de casibus conscientiae)" von ihren Anfängen an bis Silvester Prierias', ZKG 26 (1905) 59-63. T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 2 (Rome 1975) 94-95. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 48. Schulte, QL II 425.

Guillaume Durand (see Guilelmus Durantis)  in the file to 1298

Guillelmus de Sasay (Saziaco), from Poitiers, was a Dominican at the convent of Fontenay-le-Comte (fl. saec. xiv).

TEXT: Tabula Decreti, MANUSCRIPT: Koblenz, Staatsarchiv 701/202, fol. 4-25v.

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 2 (Rome 1975) 162.

Guillermo de Cartagena, magister and archdeacon of Cartagena, composed a treatise on the canonical hours (early 14th century?). Nothing else appears to be known about him.

TEXT: De horis canonicis, MANUSCRIPT: Sevilla, Bibl. del Cab. 5-5-27, fol. 89ra-98vb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de las Ciencias eclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 425-26; idem, `Notas sobre la canonistica iberica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 162.

Guitto de Octavinis de Aretio taught canon law at Pisa. In this capacity, he edited a collection of Franciscus de Accoltis's consilia, which first appeared at Pisa in 1482.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 334 n.10.

Gundisalvo de Villadiego, from Burgos, studied both laws at Salamanca. After obtaining his doctorate, he taught canon law at Toledo from 1476 onwards. He later became auditor of the Roman Rota and was appointed to the bishopric of Oviedo, but died before he could assume the office.

TEXTS: 1. De haereticis et de irregularitate, Early Printed Editions: Salamanca 1496, 1519, 1589.

2. De origine iuris et potestate S.R.E. cardinalium, Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris XIII.2 (Venice 1584), MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 3183.

3. De legato; Early Printed Edition: Tractatus universi iuris XI.2 (Venice 1584), fol. 258rb-82vb.

4. Summula de irregularitatibus, MANUSCRIPTS:

5. Repetitiones

A. in cap. Quoniam omne (X 2.26.20)

B. in cap. Constitutus (X 1.41.8)

C. in cap. Pervenit (X 3.17.4)

D. Tractatus monete (on X 2.24.18)

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La canonística ibérica posterior al Decreto de Graciano (I)', Repertorio de Historia de las Ciencias eclesiasticas en España 1 (Salamanca 1967) 425; idem, `La canonística española posclasica', SG 19 (1976) 245. L. García Arias, `La doctrina diplomática expuesta por Gonzalo de Villadiego en su "Tractatus de legato",' Cuadernos de Historia diplomática 3 (1956) 275-310. S. García Cruzado, Gonzalo García de Villadiego, canonista salmantino del siglo XV (Rome - Madrid 1967). Schulte, QL II 406-07.

Guy de Toulouse (fl. early 14th c.) produced a partial, vulgar version of the Summa of Johannes of Freiburg that was particularly designed for the use of merchants (Incipit: Universis mercatoribus Tolosanis). The subjects of just price and usury figure prominently in the treatise. It was later translated into Latin.

TEXT: 1. Summa, Early Printed Edition: a) French text: Provins 1496 (Hain 7378; an abridged version); MANUSCRIPTS (of the Latin version): Berlin, Staatsbibl. theol. lat. 370, fol. 115-22; Cambridge, GC 122, fol. 1-19; Oxford, Lincoln Coll.81, fol. 33-41; Paris, B.N. lat. 10689, fol. 27v-36ra.

LITERATURE: T. Kaeppeli, Scriptores ordinis praedicatorum medii aevi 2 (Rome 1975) 74-75. P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 48.

Harynghus Sifridus Sinnama de Hagis Frisiae (Hermann) (XV-XVI century). Taught both laws in Cologne until 1495. Served as a judge of the Reichskammergericht from 1495 to 1504. Wrote one work, the Expositiones, which was an encyclopedic work on law.