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The Dying Barbarian,
Greek, 2nd Century BC, Rome, Capitoline Museum |
Ambrogio Lorenzetti,
Bad Government, Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, 1340 A.D. |
| Justice is the
constant and perpetual will to render to every man his
Ius. Jurisprudence is
the knowledge of divine and human affairs and knowledge of what is just and
what is unjust. (Iustitia est constans et
perpetua voluntas ius suum cuique tribuens. Iuris prudentia est
divinarum atque humanarum rerum notitia, iusti atque iniusti scientia).
Justinian, Institutes 1.1 (533 A.D.) |
Justice:
Proper administration of the laws. In jurisprudence the constant and
perpetual disposition of legal matters or disputes to render to every man
his due. Black's Law Dictionary (6th edition, 1990) |
| Distributive Justice
The obligations of the community to the
individual
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Commutative Justice
Obligations between persons that
requires equality in all dealings between two persons.
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What is justice but a tacit covenant of
nature established for the aid of many. Justice is not based on our
statute but is a part of divine law and the bond of human society. (Quid est iustitia, nisi naturae tacita
conventio, in adiutorium multorum inventa. Iustitia non nostra constitutio,
sed divina lex est, vinculum societatis humanae).
St. Martin of Braga, Formula
honestae vitae (ca. 550 A.D.)
|
"Justice is the conformity
of our actions and our will to the law." Charles Bonaventure
Marie Toullier (1752-1835) Le droit civil français suivant l'ordre
du code. |