Code of Canon Law
(1983)
BOOK I : GENERAL NORMS
Can. 1 The canons of this Code concern only the
Latin Church. Gratian D.1
Can. 2 For the most part the Code does not determine
the rites to be observed in the celebration of liturgical actions.
Accordingly, liturgical laws which have been in
effect hitherto retain their force, except those which may be contrary to
the canons of the Code.
Can. 3 The canons of the Code do not abrogate, nor do
they derogate from, agreements entered into by the Apostolic See with
nations or other civil entities. For this
reason, these agreements continue in force as hitherto, notwithstanding any
contrary provisions of this Code.
Can. 4 Acquired rights, and likewise privileges
hitherto granted by the Apostolic See to either physical or juridical
persons, which are still in use and have not been
revoked, remain intact, unless they are expressly revoked by the canons of
this Code.
Can. 5 § 1 Universal or particular customs which have
been in effect up to now but are contrary to the provisions of these canons
and are reprobated in the canons of
this Code, are completely suppressed, and they may not be allowed to revive
in the future. Other contrary customs are also to be considered suppressed,
unless the Code
expressly provides otherwise, or unless they are centennial or immemorial:
these latter may be tolerated if the Ordinary judges that, in the
circumstances of place and
person, they cannot be removed. Gratian D.11 and 12
§ 2 Customs apart from the law, whether universal or particular, which have
been in effect hitherto, are retained.
Can. 6 § 1 When this Code comes into force, the
following are abrogated:
1° the Code of Canon Law promulgated in 1917;
2° other laws, whether universal or particular, which are contrary to the
provisions of this Code, unless it is otherwise expressly provided in
respect of particular laws;
3° all penal laws enacted by the Apostolic See, whether universal or
particular, unless they are resumed in this Code itself;
4° any other universal disciplinary laws concerning matters which are
integrally reordered by this Code.
§ 2 To the extent that the canons of this Code reproduce the former law, they
are to be assessed in the light also of canonical tradition.
TITLE I: ECCLESIASTICAL
LAWS
Can. 7 A law comes into being when it is promulgated.
Gratian, D.4 dictum post c.3
Can. 8 § 1 Universal ecclesiastical laws are
promulgated by publication in the 'Acta Apostolicae Sedis', unless in
particular cases another manner of promulgation has
been prescribed. They come into force only on the expiry of three months
from the date appearing on the particular issue of the 'Acta', unless
because of the nature of
the case they bind at once, or unless a shorter or a longer interval has
been specifically and expressly prescribed m the law itself. Gratian, D.15
§ 2 Particular laws are promulgated in the manner determined by the
legislator; they begin to oblige one month from the date of promulgation,
unless a different period is
prescribed in the law itself.
Can. 9 Laws concern matters of the future, not those
of the past, unless provision is made in them for the latter by name.
Can. 10 Only those laws are to be considered
invalidating or incapacitating which expressly prescribe that an act is null
or that a person is incapable.
Can. 11 Merely ecclesiastical laws bind those who
were baptized in the catholic Church or received into it, and who have a
sufficient use of reason and, unless the law
expressly provides otherwise, who have completed their seventh year of age.
Can. 12 § 1 Universal laws are binding everywhere on
all those for whom they were enacted. Gratian D.1
§ 2 All those actually present in a particular territory in which certain
universal laws are not in force, are exempt from those laws.
§ 3 Without prejudice to the provisions of can. 13, laws enacted for a
particular territory bind those for whom they were enacted and who have a
domicile or
quasi-domicile in that territory and are actually residing in it.
Can. 13 § 1 Particular laws are not presumed to be
personal, but rather territorial, unless the contrary is clear.
§ 2 Peregrini are not bound:
1° by the particular laws of their own territory while they are absent from
it, unless the transgression of those laws causes harm in their own
territory, or unless the laws
are personal
2° by the laws of the territory in which they are present, except for those
laws which take care of public order, or determine the formalities of legal
acts, or concern
immovable property located in the territory.
§ 3 Vagi are bound by both the universal and the particular laws which are in
force in the place in which they are present.
Can. 14 Laws, even invalidating and incapacitating
ones, do not oblige when there is a doubt of law. When there is a doubt of
fact, however Ordinaries can dispense
from them provided, if there is question of a reserved dispensation, it is
one which the authority to whom it is reserved Is accustomed to grant.
Can. 15 § 1 Ignorance or error concerning
invalidating or incapacitating laws does not prevent the effect of those
laws, unless it is expressly provided otherwise.
§ 2 Ignorance or error is not presumed about a law, a penalty, a fact
concerning oneself, or a notorious fact concerning another. It is presumed
about a fact concerning
another which is not notorious, until the contrary is proved.
Can. 16 § 1 Laws are authentically interpreted by the
legislator and by that person to whom the legislator entrusts the power of
authentic interpretation.
§ 2 An authentic interpretation which is presented by way of a law has the
same force as the law itself, and must be promulgated. If it simply declares
the sense of
words which are certain in themselves, it has retroactive force. If it
restricts or extends the law or resolves a doubt, it is not retroactive.
§ 3 On the other hand, an interpretation by way of a court judgment or of an
administrative act in a particular case, does not have the force of law. It
binds only those
persons and affects only those matters for which it was given.
Can. 17 Ecclesiastical laws are to be understood
according to the proper meaning of the words considered in their text and
context. If the meaning remains doubtful or
obscure, there must be recourse to parallel places, if there be any, to the
purpose and circumstances of the law, and to the mind of the legislator.
Gratian
Can. 18 Laws which prescribe a penalty, or restrict
the free exercise of rights, or contain an exception to the law, are to be
interpreted strictly.
Can. 19 If on a particular matter there is not an
express provision of either universal or particular law, nor a custom, then,
provided it is not a penal matter, the question is
to be decided by taking into account laws enacted in similar matters, the
general principles of law observed with canonical equity, the jurisprudence
and practice of the
Roman Curia, and the common and constant opinion of learned authors.
Can. 20 A later law abrogates or derogates from an
earlier law, if it expressly so states, or if it is directly contrary to
that law, or if it integrally reorders the whole
subject matter of the earlier law. A universal law, however, does not
derogate from a particular or from a special law, unless the law expressly
provides otherwise.
Can. 21 In doubt, the revocation of a previous law
is not presumed; rather, later laws are to be related to earlier ones and,
as far as possible, harmonized with them.
Can. 22 When the law of the Church remits some issue
to the civil law, the latter is to be observed with the same effects in
canon law, insofar as it is not contrary to
divine law, and provided it is not otherwise stipulated in canon law.
TITLE II: CUSTOM
Can. 23 A custom introduced by a community of the
faithful has the force of law only if it has been approved by the
legislator, in accordance with the following canons. Gratian D.11-12
Can. 24 § 1 No custom which is contrary to divine law
can acquire the force of law. Gratian, D.4 dictum post c.3
§ 2 A custom which is contrary to or apart from canon law, cannot acquire the
force of law unless it is reasonable; a custom which is expressly reproved
in the <canon> law is
not reasonable.
Can. 25 No custom acquires the force of law unless it has been observed,
with the intention of introducing a law, by a community capable at least of
receiving a law.
Can. 26 Unless it has been specifically approved by the competent
legislator, a custom which is contrary to the canon law currently in force,
or is apart from the canon
law, acquires the force of law only when it has been lawfully observed for a
period of thirty continuous and complete years. Only a centennial or
immemorial custom can
prevail over a canonical law which carries a clause forbidding future
customs.
Can. 27 Custom is the best interpreter of laws.
Can. 28 Without prejudice to the provisions of can. 5, a custom, whether
contrary to or apart from the law, is revoked by a contrary custom or law.
But unless the law
makes express mention of them, it does not revoke centennial or immemorial
customs, nor does a universal law revoke particular customs.
TITLE III: GENERAL DECREES AND
INSTRUCTIONS
Can. 29 General decrees, by which a competent legislator makes common
provisions for a community capable of receiving a law, are true laws and are
regulated by the
provisions of the canons on laws.
Can. 30 A general decree, as in can. 29, cannot be made by one who has only
executive power, unless in particular cases this has been expressly
authorized by the
competent legislator in accordance with the law, and provided the conditions
prescribed in the act of authorization are observed.
Can. 31 § 1 Within the limits of their competence, those who have executive
power can issue general executory decrees, that is, decrees which define
more precisely the
manner of applying a law, or which urge the observance of laws. § 2 The
provisions of can. 8 are to be observed in regard to the promulgation, and
to the interval before
the coming into effect, of the decrees mentioned in § 1.
Can. 32 General executory decrees which define the manner of application or
urge the observance of laws, bind those who are bound by the laws.
Can. 33 § 1 General executory decrees, even if published in directories or
other such documents, do not derogate from the law, and any of their
provisions which are
contrary to the law have no force. § 2 These decrees cease to have force by
explicit or implicit revocation by the competent authority, and by the
cessation of the law for
whose execution they were issued. They do not cease on the expiry of the
authority of the person who issued them, unless the contrary is expressly
provided.
Can. 34 § 1 Instructions, namely, which set out the provisions of a law and
develop the manner in which it is to be put into effect, are given for the
benefit of those whose
duty it is to execute the law, and they bind them in executing the law.
Those who have executive power may, within the limits of their competence,
lawfully publish such
instructions.
§ 2 The regulations of an instruction do not derogate from the law, and if
there are any which cannot be reconciled with the provisions of the law they
have no force.
§ 3 Instructions cease to have force not only by explicit or implicit
revocation by the competent authority who published them or by that
authority's superior, but also by
the cessation of the law which they were designed to set out and execute.
TITLE IV: SINGULAR ADMINISTRATIVE ACTS
CHAPTER I : COMMON NORMS
Can. 35 Within the limits of his or her competence, one who has executive
power can issue a singular administrative act, either by decree or precept,
or by rescript,
without prejudice to Can. 76 § 1.
Can. 36 § 1 An administrative act is to be understood according to the proper
meaning of the words and the common manner of speaking. In doubt, a strict
interpretation
is to be given to those administrative acts which concern litigation or
threaten or inflict penalties, or restrict the rights of persons, or harm
the acquired rights of others, or
run counter to a law in favor of private persons; all other administrative
acts are to be widely interpreted.
§ 2 Administrative acts must not be extended to cases other than those
expressly stated.
Can. 37 An administrative act which concerns the external forum is to be
effected in writing; likewise, if it requires an executor, the act of
execution is to be in writing.
Can. 38 An administrative act, even if there is question of a rescript given
Motu proprio, has no effect in so far as it harms the acquired right of
another, or is contrary to a law or approved custom, unless the competent authority has expressly added
a derogatory clause.
Can. 39 Conditions attached to an administrative act are considered to
concern validity only when they are expressed by the particles 'if',
'unless', 'provided that'.
Can. 40 The executor of any administrative act cannot validly carry out this
office before receiving the relevant document and establishing its
authenticity and integrity,
unless prior notice of this document has been conveyed to the executor on
the authority of the person who issued the administrative act.
Can. 41 The executor of an administrative act to whom the task of execution
only is entrusted, cannot refuse to execute it, unless it is quite clear
that the act itself is null,
or that it cannot for some other grave reason be sustained, or that the
conditions attached to the administrative act itself have not been
fulfilled. If, however, the
execution of the administrative act would appear to be inopportune, by
reason of the circumstances of person or place, the executor is to desist
from the execution, and
immediately inform the person who issued the act.
Can. 42 The executor of an administrative act must proceed in accordance
with the mandate. If, however, the executor has not fulfilled essential
conditions attached to
the document, or has not observed the substantial form of procedure, the
execution is invalid.
Can. 43 The executor of an administrative act may in his prudent judgment
substitute another for himself, unless substitution has been forbidden, or
he has been
deliberately chosen as the only person to be executor, or a specific person
has been designated as substitute; however, in these cases the executor may
commit the
preparatory acts to another.
Can. 44 An administrative act can also be executed by the executor's
successor in office, unless the first had been chosen deliberately as the
only person to be executor.
Can. 45 If there has been any error in the execution of an administrative
act, the executor may execute it again.
Can. 46 An administrative act does not cease on the expiry of the authority
of the person issuing it, unless the law expressly provides otherwise.
Can. 47 The revocation of an administrative act by another administrative
act of the competent authority takes effect only from the moment at which
the person to
whom it was issued is lawfully notified.
CHAPTER II : SINGULAR DECREES AND PRECEPTS
Can. 48 A singular decree is an administrative act issued by a competent
executive authority, whereby in accordance with the norms of law a decision
is given or a
provision made for a particular case; of its nature this decision or
provision does not presuppose that a petition has been made by anyone.
Can. 49 A singular precept is a decree by which an obligation is directly
and lawfully imposed on a specific person or persons to do or to omit
something, especially in
order to urge the observance of a law.
Can. 50 Before issuing a singular decree, the person in authority is to seek
the necessary information and proof and, as far as possible, is to consult
those whose rights
could be harmed.
Can. 51 A decree is to be issued in writing. When it is a decision, it
should express, at least in summary form, the reasons for the decision.
Can. 52 A singular decree has effect in respect only of those matters it
determines and of those persons to whom it was issued; it obliges such
persons everywhere,
unless it is otherwise clear.
Can. 53 If decrees are contrary one to another, where specific matters are
expressed, the specific prevails over the general; if both are equally
specific or equally
general, the one later in time abrogates the earlier insofar as it is
contrary to it.
Can. 54 § 1 A singular decree whose application is entrusted to an executor,
has effect from the moment of execution; otherwise, from the moment when it
is made
known to the person on the authority of the one who issued it.
§ 2 For a singular decree to be enforceable, it must be made known by a
lawful document in accordance with the law.
Can. 55 Without prejudice to cann. 37 and 51, whenever a very grave reason
prevents the handing over of the written text of a decree, the decree is
deemed to have
been made known if it is read to the person to whom it is directed, in the
presence of a notary or two witnesses - a record of the occasion is to be
drawn up and signed
by all present.
Can. 56 A decree is deemed to have been made known if the person to whom it
is directed has been duly summoned to receive or to hear the decree, and
without a just
reason has not appeared or has refused to sign.
Can. 57 § 1 Whenever the law orders a decree to be issued, or when a person
who is concerned lawfully requests a decree or has recourse to obtain one,
the competent
authority is to provide for the situation within three months of having
received the petition or recourse, unless a different period of time is
prescribed by law.
§ 2 If this period of time has expired and the decree has not yet been given,
then as far as proposing a further recourse is concerned, the reply is
presumed to be
negative.
§ 3 A presumed negative reply does not relieve the competent authority of the
obligation of issuing the decree, and, in accordance with can. 128, of
repairing any harm
done.
Can. 58 § 1 A singular decree ceases to have force when it is lawfully
revoked by the competent authority, or when the law ceases for whose
execution it was issued.
§ 2 A singular precept, which was not imposed by a lawful document, ceases on
the expiry of the authority of the person who issued it.
CHAPTER III : RESCRIPTS
Can. 59 § 1 A rescript is an administrative act issued in writing by a
competent authority, by which of its very nature a privilege, dispensation
or other favor is granted at
someone's request.
§ 2 Unless it is otherwise established, provisions laid down concerning
rescripts apply also to the granting of permission and to the granting of
favors by word of mouth.
Can. 60 Any rescript can be obtained by all who are not expressly
prohibited.
Can. 61 Unless it is otherwise established, a rescript can be obtained for
another, even without that person's consent, and it is valid before its
acceptance, without
prejudice to contrary clauses.
Can. 62 A rescript in which there is no executor, has effect from the moment
the document was issued; the others have effect from the moment of
execution.
Can. 63 § 1 Except where there is question of a rescript which grants a favor
Motu proprio, subreption, that is, the withholding of the truth, renders a
rescript invalid if
the request does not express that which, according to canonical law, style
and practice, must for validity be expressed.
§ 2 Obreption, that is, the making of a false statement, renders a rescript
invalid if not even one of the motivating reasons submitted is true.
§ 3 In rescripts of which there is no executor, the motivating reason must be
true at the time the rescript is issued; in the others, at the time of
execution.
Can. 64 Without prejudice to the right of the Penitentiary for the internal
forum, a favor refused by any department of the Roman Curia cannot validly
be granted by
another department of the same Curia, or by any other competent authority
below the Roman Pontiff, without the approval of the department which was
first
approached.
Can. 65 § 1 Without prejudice to the provisions of § § 2 and 3, no one is to
seek from another Ordinary a favor which was refused by that person's proper
Ordinary,
unless mention is made of the refusal. When the refusal is mentioned, the
Ordinary is not to grant the favor unless he has learned from the former
Ordinary the reasons
for the refusal.
§ 2 A favor refused by a Vicar general or an episcopal Vicar cannot be
validly granted by another Vicar of the same Bishop, even when he has
learned from the Vicar
who refused the reasons for the refusal.
§ 3 A favor refused by a Vicar general or an episcopal Vicar and later,
without any mention being made of this refusal, obtained from the diocesan
Bishop, is invalid. A
favor refused by the diocesan Bishop cannot, without the Bishop's consent,
validly be obtained from his Vicar general or episcopal Vicar, even though
mention is made
of the refusal.
Can. 66 A rescript is not rendered invalid because of an error in the name
of the person to whom it is given or by whom it is issued, or of the place
in which such person
resides, or of the matter concerned, provided that in the judgment of the
Ordinary there is no doubt about the person or the matter in question.
Can. 67 § 1 If it should happen that two contrary rescripts are obtained for
one and the same thing, where specific matters are expressed, the specific
prevails over the
general.
§ 2 If both are equally specific or equally general, the one earlier in time
prevails over the later, unless in the later one there is an express mention
of the earlier, or unless
the person who first obtained the rescript has not used it by reason of
deceit or of notable personal negligence.
§ 3 In doubt as to whether a rescript is invalid or not, recourse is to be
made to the issuing authority.
Can. 68 A rescript of the Apostolic See in which there is no executor must
be presented to the Ordinary of the person who obtains it only when this is
prescribed in the
rescript, or when there is question of public affairs, or when it is
necessary to have the conditions verified.
Can. 69 A rescript for whose presentation no time is determined, may be
submitted to the executor at any time, provided there is no fraud or deceit.
Can. 70 If in a rescript the very granting of the favor is entrusted to the
executor, it is a matter for the executor's prudent judgment and conscience
to grant or to
refuse the favor.
Can. 71 No one is obliged to use a rescript granted in his or her favor
only, unless bound by a canonical obligation from another source to do so .
Can. 72 Rescripts granted by the Apostolic See which have expired, can for a
just reason be extended by the diocesan Bishop, but once only and not beyond
three
months.
Can. 73 No rescripts are revoked by a contrary law, unless it is otherwise
provided in the law itself.
Can. 74 Although one who has been granted a favor orally may use it in the
internal forum, that person is obliged to prove the favor for the external
forum whenever
this is lawfully requested.
Can. 75 If a rescript contains a privilege or a dispensation, the provision
of the following canons are also to be observed.
CHAPTER IV : PRIVILEGES
Can. 76 § 1 A privilege is a favor given by a special act for the benefit of
certain persons, physical or juridical; it can be granted by the legislator,
and by an executive
authority to whom the legislator has given this power.
§ 2 Centennial or immemorial possession of a privilege gives rise to the
presumption that it has been granted.
Can. 77 A privilege is to be interpreted in accordance with can. 36 § 1. The
interpretation must, however, always be such that the beneficiaries of the
privilege do in fact receive some favor.
Can. 78 § 1 A privilege is presumed to be perpetual, unless the contrary is
proved.
§ 2 A personal privilege, namely one which attaches to a person, is
extinguished with the person.
§ 3 A real privilege ceases on the total destruction of the thing or place; a
local privilege, however, revives if the place is restored within fifty
years.
Can. 79 Without prejudice to can. 46, a privilege ceases by revocation on
the part of the competent authority in accordance with can. 47.
Can. 80 § 1 No privilege ceases by renunciation unless this has been accepted
by the competent authority.
§ 2 Any physical person may renounce a privilege granted in his or her favor
only.
§ 3 Individual persons cannot renounce a privilege granted to a juridical
person, or granted by reason of the dignity of a place or thing. Nor can a
juridical person
renounce a privilege granted to it, if the renunciation would be prejudicial
to the Church or to others.
Can. 81 A privilege is not extinguished on the expiry of the authority of
the person who granted it, unless it was given with the clause 'at our
pleasure' or another
equivalent expression.
Can. 82 A privilege which does not burden others does not lapse through
non-use or contrary use; if it does cause an inconvenience for others, it is
lost if lawful
prescription intervenes.
Can. 83 § 1 Without prejudice to can. 142 § 2, a privilege ceases on the
expiry of the time or the completion of the number of cases for which it was
granted.
§ 2 It ceases also if in the judgment of the competent authority
circumstances are so changed with the passage of time that it has become
harmful, or that its use
becomes unlawful.
Can. 84 A person who abuses a power given by a privilege deserves to be
deprived of the privilege itself. Accordingly, after a warning which has
been in vain, the
Ordinary, if it was he who granted it, is to deprive the person of the
privilege which he or she is gravely abusing; if the privilege has been
granted by the Apostolic See,
the Ordinary is obliged to make the matter known to it.
CHAPTER V : DISPENSATIONS
Can. 85 A dispensation, that is, the relaxation of a merely ecclesiastical
law in a particular case, can be granted, within the limits of their
competence, by those who have executive power, and by those who either explicitly or implicitly have the
power of dispensing, whether by virtue of the law itself or by lawful
delegation.
Can. 86 In so far as laws define those elements which are essentially
constitutive of institutes or of juridical acts, they are not subject to
dispensation.
Can. 87 § 1 Whenever he judges that it contributes to their spiritual
welfare, the diocesan Bishop can dispense the faithful from disciplinary
laws, both universal laws and those particular laws made by the supreme ecclesiastical authority for his
territory or his subjects. He cannot dispense from procedural laws or from
penal laws, nor
from those whose dispensation is specially reserved to the Apostolic See or
to some other authority.
§ 2 If recourse to the Holy See is difficult, and at the same time there is
danger of grave harm in delay, any Ordinary can dispense from these laws,
even if the
dispensation is reserved to the Holy See, provided the dispensation is one
which the Holy See customarily grants in the same circumstances, and without
prejudice to
can. 291.
Can. 88 The local Ordinary can dispense from diocesan laws and, whenever he
judges that it contributes to the spiritual welfare of the faithful, from
laws made by a
plenary or a provincial Council or by the Episcopal Conference.
Can. 89 Parish priests and other priests or deacons cannot dispense from
universal or particular law unless this power is expressly granted to them.
Can. 90 § 1 A dispensation from an ecclesiastical law is not to be given
without a just and reasonable cause, taking into account the circumstances
of the case and the
importance of the law from which the dispensation is given; otherwise the
dispensation is unlawful and, unless given by the legislator or his
superior, it is also invalid.
§ 2 A dispensation given in doubt about the sufficiency of its reason is
valid and lawful.
Can. 91 In respect of their subjects, even if these are outside the
territory, those who have the power of dispensing can exercise it even if
they themselves are outside
their territory; unless the contrary is expressly provided, they can
exercise it also in respect of peregrini actually present in the territory;
they can exercise it too in
respect of themselves.
Can. 92 A strict interpretation is to be given not only to a dispensation in
accordance with can. 36 § 1, but also to the very power of dispensing granted
for a specific
case.
Can. 93 A dispensation capable of successive applications ceases in the same
way as a privilege. It also ceases by the certain and complete cessation of
the motivating
reason.
TITLE V: STATUTES AND ORDINANCES
Can. 94 § 1 Statutes properly so called are regulations which are established
in accordance with the law in aggregates of persons or of things, whereby
the purpose,
constitution, governance and manner of acting of these bodies are defined.
§ 2 The statutes of an aggregate of persons bind only those persons who are
lawfully members of it; the statutes of an aggregate of things bind those
who direct it.
§ 3 The provisions of statutes which are established and promulgated by
virtue of legislative power, are regulated by the provisions of the canons
concerning laws.
Can. 95 § 1 Ordinances are rules or norms to be observed both in assemblies
of persons, whether these assemblies are convened by ecclesiastical
authority or are freely
convoked by the faithful, and in other celebrations: they define those
matters which concern their constitution, direction and agenda.
§ 2 In assemblies or celebrations, those who take part are bound by these
rules of ordinance.
CODEX IURIS CANONICI.
LIBER PRIMUS.
NORMAE GENERALES.
Can. l. Licet in Codice iuris canonici Ecclesiae
quoque Orientalis disciplina saepe referatur, ipse tamen unam respicit
Latinam Ecclesiam, neque Orientalem obligat, nisi
de iis agatur, quae ex ipsa rei natura etiam Orientalem afficiunt.
Can. 2. Codex, plerumque, nihil decernit de ritibus et
caeremoniis quas liturgici libri, ab Ecclesia Latina probati, servandas
praecipiunt in celebratione sacrosancti Missae
sacrificii, in administratione Sacramentorum et Sacramentalium aliisque
sacris peragendis. Quare omnes liturgicae leges vim suam retinent nisi earum
aliqua in Codice
expresse corrigatur.
Can. 3. Codicis canones initas ab Apostolica Sede cum
variis Nationibus conventiones nullatenus abrogant aut iis aliquid obrogant;
eae idcirco perinde ac in praesens
vigere pergent, contrariis huius Codicis praescriptis minime obstantibus.
Can. 4. Iura aliis quaesita, itemque privilegia atque
indulta quae, ab Apostolica Sede ad haec usque tempora personis sive
physicis sive moralibus concessa, in usu adhuc
sunt nec revocata, integra manent, nisi huius Codicis canonibus expresse
revocentur.
Can. 5. Vigentes in praesens contra horum statuta
canonum consuetudines sive universales sive particulares, si quidem ipsis
canonibus expresse reprobentur, tanquam
iuris corruptelae corrigantur, licet sint immemorabiles, neve sinantur in
posterum reviviscere; aliae, quae quidem centenariae sint et immemorabiles,
tolerari poterunt, si
Ordinarii pro locorum ac personarum adiunctis existiment eas prudenter
submoveri non posse; ceterae suppressae habeantur nisi expresse Codex aliud
caveat.
Can. 6. Codex vigentem huc usque disciplinam plerumque
retinet, licet opportunas immutationes afferat. Itaque:
1.deg. Leges quaelibet, sive universales sive particulares, praescriptis
huius Codicis oppositae, abrogantur nisi de particularibus legibus aliud
expresse caveatur;
2.deg. Canones qui ius vetus ex integro referunt, ex veteris iuris
auctoritate, atque ideo ex receptis apud probatos auctores
interpretationibus, sunt aestimandi;
3.deg. Canones qui ex parte tantum cum veteri iure congruunt, qua congruunt,
ex iure antiquo aestimandi sunt; qua discrepant, sunt ex sua ipsorum
sententia diiudicandi;
4.deg. In dubio num aliquod canonum praescriptum cum veteri iure discrepet,
a veteri iure non est recedendum;
5.deg. Quod ad poenas attinet, quarum in Codice nulla fit mentio,
spirituales sint vel temporales, medicinales vel, ut vocant, vindicativae,
latae vel ferendae sententiae,
eae tanquam abrogatae habeantur;
6.deg. Si qua ex ceteris disciplinaribus legibus, quae usque adhuc viguerunt,
nec explicite nec implicite in Codice contineatur, ea vim omnem amisisse
dicenda est, nisi in
probatis liturgicis libris reperiatur, aut lex sit iuris divini sive
positivi sive naturalis.
Can. 7. Nomine Sedis Apostolicae vel Sanctae Sedis in
hoc Codice veniunt non solum Romanus Pontifex, sed etiam, nisi ex rei natura
vel sermonis contextu aliud
appareat, Congregationes, Tribunalia, Officia, per quae idem Romanus
Pontifex negotia Ecclesiae universae expedire solet.
TITULUS I.
De legibus ecclesiasticis.
Can. 8. par. 1. Leges instituuntur, cum promulgantur.
par. 2. Lex non praesumitur personalis, sed territorialis, nisi aliud
constet.
Can. 9. Leges ab Apostolica Sede latae promulgantur per
editionem in Actorum Apostolicae Sedis commentario officiali, nisi in
casibus particularibus alius
promulgandi modus fuerit praescriptus; et vim suam exserunt tantum expletis
tribus mensibus a die qui Actorum numero appositus est, nisi ex natura rei
illico ligent aut in
ipsa lege brevior vel longior vacatio specialiter et expresse fuerit statuta.
Can.10. Leges respiciunt futura, non praeterita, nisi
nominatim in eis de praeteritis caveatur.
Can. 11. Irritantes aut inhabilitantes eae tantum
leges habendae sunt, quibus aut actum esse nullum aut inhabilem esse
personam expresse vel aequivalenter statuitur.
Can. 12. Legibus mere ecclesiasticis non tenentur qui
baptismum non receperunt, nec baptizati qui sufficienti rationis usu non
gaudent, nec qui, licet rationis usum
assecuti, septimum aetatis annum nondum expleverunt, nisi aliud iure
expresse caveatur.
Can. l3. par. l. Legibus generalibus tenentur ubique
terrarum omnes pro quibus latae sunt.
par. 2. Legibus conditis pro peculiari territorio ii subiiciuntur pro quibus
latae sunt quique ibidem domicilium vel quasi-domicilium habent et simul
actu commorantur, firmo
praescripto can. 14.
Can.l4. par. 1. Peregrini:
l.deg. Non adstringuntur legibus particularibus sui territorii quandiu ab eo
absunt, nisi aut earum transgressio in proprio territorio noceat, aut leges
sint personales;
2.deg. Neque legibus territorii in quo versantur, iis exceptis quae ordini
publico consulunt, vel actuum sollemnia determinant;
3.deg. At legibus generalibus tennentur etiamsi hae suo in territorio non
vigeant, minime vero si in loco in quo versantur non obligent.
par. 2. Vagi obligantur legibus tam generalibus quam particularibus quae
vigent in loco in quo versantur.
Can. 15. Leges, etiam irritantes et inhabilitantes,
in dubio iuris non urgent; in dubio autem facti potest Ordinarius in eis
dispensare, dummodo agatur de legibus in quibus
Romanus Pontifex dispensare solet.
Can. 16. par. l. Nulla ignorantia legum irritantium
aut inhabilitantium ab eisdem excusat, nisi aliud expresse dicatur.
par. 2. Ignorantia vel error circa legem aut poenam aut circa factum
proprium aut circa factum alienum notorium generatim non praesumitur; circa
factum alienum non
notorium praesumitur, donec contrarium probetur.
Can. 17. par. l. Leges authentice interpretatur
legislator eiusve successor et is cui potestas interpretandi fuerit ab
eisdem commissa.
par. 2. Interpretatio authentica, per modum legis exhibita, eandem vim habet
ac lex ipsa; et si verba legis in se certa declaret tantum, promulgatione
non eget et valet
retrorsum; si legem coarctet vel extendat aut dubiam explicet, non
retrotrahitur et debet promulgari.
par. 3. Data autem per modum sententiae iudicialis aut rescripti in re
peculiari, vim legis non habet et ligat tantum personas atque afficit res
pro quibus data est.
Can. 18. Leges ecclesiasticae intelligendae sunt
secundum propriam verborum significationem in textu et contextu consideratam;
quae si dubia et obscura manserit, ad
locos Codicis parallelos, si qui sint, ad legis finem ac circumstantias et
ad mentem legislatoris est recurrendum.
Can. 19. Leges quae poenam statuunt, aut liberum
iurium exercitium coarctant, aut exceptionem a lege continent, strictae
subsunt interpretationi.
Can. 20. Si certa de re desit expressum praescriptum
legis sive generalis sive particularis, norma sumenda est, nisi agatur de
poenis applicandis, a legibus latis in
similibus; a generalibus iuris principiis cum aequitate canonica servatis; a
stylo et praxi Curiae Romanae; a communi constantique sententia doctorum.
Can. 21. Leges latae ad praecavendum periculum
generale, urgent, etiamsi in casu peculiari periculum non adsit.
Can. 22. Lex posterior, a competenti auctoritate lata,
obrogat priori, si id expresse edicat, aut sit illi directe contraria, aut
totam de integro ordinet legis prioris materiam;
sed firmo praeseripto can. 6, n. 1, lex generalis nullatenus derogat locorum
specialium et personarum singularium statutis, nisi aliud in ipsa expresse
caveatur.
Can. 23. In dubio revocatio legis praeexsistentis non
praesumitur, sed leges posteriores ad priores trahendae sunt et his, quantum
fieri possit conciliandae.
Can. 24. Praecepta, singulis data, eos quibus dantur,
ubique urgent, sed iudicialiter urgeri nequeunt et cessant resoluto iure
praecipientis nisi per legitimum documentum
aut coram duobus testibus imposita fuerint.
TITULUS II.
De consuetudine.
Can. 25. Consuetudo in Ecclesia vim legis a consensu competentis Superioris
ecclesiastici unice obtinet.
Can. 26. Communitas quae legis ecclesiasticae saltem recipiendae capax est,
potest consuetudinem inducere quae vim legis obtineat.
Can. 27. par. 1. Iuri divino sive naturali sive positivo nulla consuetudo
potest aliquatenus derogare; sed neque iuri ecclesiastico praeiudicium
affert, nisi fuerit rationabilis et legitime per annos quadraginta continuos et completos praescripta; contra
legem vero ecclesiasticam quae clausulam contineat futuras consuetudines
prohibentem, sola praescribere potest rationabilis consuetudo centenaria aut
immemorabilis.
par. 2. Consuetudo quae in iure expresse reprobatur non est rationabilis.
Can. 28. Consuetudo praeter legem, quae scienter a communitate cum animo se
obligandi servata sit, legem inducit, si pariter fuerit rationabilis et
legitime per annos
quadraginta continuos et completos praescripta.
Can. 29. Consuetudo est optima legum interpres.
Can. 30. Firmo praescripto can. 5, consuetudo contra legem vel praeter legem
per contrariam consuetudinem aut legem revocatur; sed, nisi expressam de
iisdem
mentionem fecerit, lex non revocat consuetudines centenarias aut
immemorabiles, nec lex generalis consuetudines particulares.
TITULUS III.
De temporis supputatione.
Can. 31. Salvis legibus liturgicis, tempus, nisi aliud expresse caveatur,
supputetur ad normam canonum qui sequuntur.
Can. 32. par. 1. Dies constat 24 horis continuo supputandis a media nocte,
hebdomada 7 diebus.
par. 2. In iure nomine mensis venit spatium 30, anni vero spatium 365 dierum,
nisi mensis et annus dicantur sumendi prout sunt in calendario.
Can. 33. par. 1. In supputandis horis diei standum est communi loci usui;
sed in privata Missae celebratione, in privata horarum canonicarum
recitatione, in sacra
communione recipienda et in ieiunii vel abstinentiae lege servanda, licet
alia sit usualis loci supputatio, potest quis sequi loci tempus aut locale
sive verum sive medium, aut
legale sive regionale sive aliud extraordinarium.
par. 2. Quod attinet ad tempus urgendi contractuum obligationes, servetur,
nisi aliter expressa pactione conventum fuerit, praescriptum iuris civilis
in territorio vigentis.
Can. 34. par. 1. Si mensis et annus designentur proprio nomine vel
aequivalenter, ex. gr., mense februario, anno proxime futuro, sumantur prout
sunt in calendario.
par. 2. Si terminus a quo nec explicite nec implicite assignetur, ex. gr.,
suspensio a Missae celebratione per mensem aut duos annos, tres in anno
vacationum
menses, etc., tempus supputetur de momento ad momentum; et si tempus sit
continuum, ut in allato primo exemplo, menses et anni sumantur prout sunt in
calendario; si
intermissum, hebdomada intelligatur 7 dierum, mensis 30, annus 365.
par. 3. Si tempus constet uno vel pluribus mensibus aut annis, una vel
pluribus hebdomadibus aut tandem pluribus diebus, et terminus a quo
explicite vel implicite
assignetur:
l.deg. Menses et anni sumantur prout sunt in calendario;
2.deg. Si terminus a quo coincidat cum initio diei, ex. gr., duo vacationum
menses a die 15 augusti, primus dies ad explendam numerationem computetur et
tempus
finiatur incipiente ultimo die eiusdem numeri;
3.deg. Si terminus a quo non coincidat cum initio diei, ex. gr., decimus
quartus aetatis annus, annus novitiatus, octiduum a vacatione sedis
episcopalis, decendium
ad appellandum, etc., primus dies ne computetur et tempus finiatur expleto
ultimo die eiusdem numeri;
4.deg. Quod si mensis die eiusdem numeri careat, ex. gr., unus mensis a die
30 ianuarii, tunc pro diverso casu tempus finiatur incipiente vel expleto
ultimo die mensis;
5.deg. Si agatur de actibus eiusdem generis statis temporibus renovandis,
ex. gr., triennium ad professionem perpetuam post temporariam, triennium
aliudve
temporis spatium ad electionem renovandam, etc., tempus finitur eodem
recurrente die quo incepit, sed novus actus per integrum eundem diem poni
potest.
Can. 35. Tempus utile illud intelligitur quod pro exercitio aut prosecutione
sui iuris ita alicui competit ut ignoranti aut agere non valenti non currat;
continuum, quod
nullam patitur interruptionem.
TITULUS IV.
De rescriptis.
Can. 36. par. l. Rescripta tum Sedis Apostolicae tum aliorum Ordinariorum
impetrari libere possunt ab omnibus qui expresse non prohibentur.
par. 2. Gratiae et dispensationes omne genus a Sede Apostolica concessae
etiam censura irretitis validae sunt, salvo praescripto can. 2265, par. 2,
2275, n. 3, 2283.
Can. 37. Rescriptum impetrari potest pro alio etiam praeter eius assensum;
et licet ipse possit gratia per rescriptum concessa non uti, rescriptum
tamen valet ante eius
acceptationem, nisi aliud ex appositis clausulis appareat.
Can. 38. Rescripta quibus gratia conceditur sine interiecto exsecutore,
effectum habent a momento quo datae sunt litterae; cetera a tempore
exsecutionis.
Can. 39. Conditiones in rescriptis tunc tantum essentiales pro eorundem
validitate censentur, cum per particulas si, dummodo, vel aliam eiusdem
significationis
exprimuntur.
Can. 40. In omnibus rescriptis subintelligenda est, etsi non expressa,
conditio: Si preces veritate nitantur, salvo praescripto can. 45, 1054.
Can. 41. In rescriptis quorum nullus est exsecutor, preces veritate nitantur
oportet tempore quo rescriptum datum est; in ceteris tempore exsecutionis.
Can. 42. par. l. Reticentia veri, seu subreptio, in precibus non obstat
quominus reseriptum vim habeat ratumque sit, dummodo expressa fuerint quae
de stylo Curiae sunt
ad validitatem exprimenda.
par. 2. Nec obstat expositio falsi, seu obreptio, dummodo vel unica causa
proposita vel ex pluribus propositis una saltem motiva vera sit.
par. 3. Vitium obreptionis vel subreptionis in una tantum parte rescripti
aliam non infirmat, si una simul plures gratiae per rescriptum concedantur.
Can. 43. Gratia ab una Sacra Congregatione vel Officio Romanae Curiae
denegata, invalide ab alia Sacra Congregatione vel Officio aut a loci
Ordinario, etsi potestatem
habente, conceditur sine assensu Sacrae Congregationis vel Officii quocum
vel quibuscum agi coeptum fuit, salvo iure S. Poenitentiariae pro foro
interno.
Can. 44. par. 1. Nemo gratiam a proprio Ordinario denegatam ab alio
Ordinario petat, nulla facta denegationis mentione; facta autem mentione,
Ordinarius gratiam ne
concedat, nisi habitis a priore Ordinario denegationis rationibuns.
par. 2. Gratia a Vicario Generali denegata et postea, nulla facta huius
denegationis mentione, ab Episcopo impetrata, invalida est; gratia autem ab
Episcopo denegata
nequit valide, etiam facta denegationis mentione, a Vicario Generali, non
consentiente Episcopo, impetrari.
Can. 45. Cum rescriptis ad preces alicuius impetratis apponitur clausula:
Motu proprio, valent quidem ea, si in precibus reticeatur veritas alioquin
necessario
exprimenda, non tamen si falsa causa finalis eaque unica proponatur, salvo
praescripto can. 1054.
Can. 46. Rescripta etiam Motu proprio concessa personae de iure communi
inhabili ad consequendam gratiam de qua agitur, itemque edita contra
alicuius loci
legitimam consuetudinem vel statutum peculiare, vel contra ius alteri iam
quaesitum, non sustinentur, nisi expressa derogatoria clausula rescripto
apponatur.
Can. 47. Rescripta non fiunt irrita ob errorem in nomine personae cui vel a
qua conceduntur, aut loci in quo ipsa moratur, aut rei de qua agitur,
dummodo iudicio Ordinarii,
nulla sit de ipsa persona vel re dubitatio.
Can. 48. par. 1. Si contingat ut de una eademque re duo rescripta inter se
contraria impetrentur, peculiare, in iis quae peculiariter exprimuntur,
praevalet generali.
par. 2. Si sint aeque peculiaria aut generalia, prius tempore praevalet
posteriori, nisi in altero fiat expressa mentio de priore, aut nisi prior
impetrator dolo vel notabili
negligentia suo rescripto usus non fuerit.
par. 3. Quod si eodem die fuerint concessa nec liqueat uter prior
impetraverit, utrumque irritum est, et, si res ferat, rursus ad eum qui
rescripta dedit, est recurrendum.
Can. 49. Rescripta intelligenda sunt secundum propriam verborum
significationem et communem loquendi usum, nec debent ad casus alios praeter
expressos extendi.
Can. 50. In dubio, rescripta quae ad lites referuntur, vel iura aliis
quaesita laedunt, vel adversantur legi in commodum privatorum, vel denique
impetrata fuerunt ad
beneficii ecclesiastici assecutionem, strictam interpretationem recipiunt;
cetera omnia latam.
Can. 51. Rescriptum Sedis Apostolicae in quo nullus datur exsecutor, tunc
tantum debet Ordinario impetrantis praesentari, cum id in eisdem litteris
praecipitur, aut de
rebus agitur publicis, aut comprobare conditiones quasdam oportet.
Can. 52. Rescripta, quorum paesentationi nullum est definitum tempus,
possunt exsecutori exhiberi quovis tempore, modo absit fraus et dolus.
Can. 53. Rescripti exsecutor invalide munere suo fungitur, antequam litteras
receperit earumque authenticitatem et integritatem recognoverit, nisi
praevia
earundem notitia ad eum fuerit auctoritate rescribentis transmissa.
Can. 54. par. 1. Si in rescripto committatur merum exsecutionis ministerium,
exsecutio rescripti denegari non potest, nisi aut manifeste pateat
rescriptum vitio subreptionis
aut obreptionis nullum esse, aut in rescripto apponantur conditiones quas
exsecutori constet non esse impletas, aut qui rescriptum impetravit adeo
iudicio exsecutoris,
videatur indignus ut aliorum offensioni futura sit gratiae concessio; quod
ultimum si accidat, exsecutor, intermissa exsecutione statim ea de re
certiorem faciat
rescribentem.
par. 2. Quod si in rescripto concessio gratiae exsecutori committatur,
ipsius est pro suo prudenti arbitrio et conscientia gratiam concedere vel
denegare.
Can. 55. Exsecutor procedere debet ad mandati normam, et nisi conditiones
essentiales in litteris appositas impleverit ac substantialem procedendi
formam servaverit,
irrita est exsecutio.
Can. 56. Exsecutio rescriptorum quae forum externum respiciunt, scripto
facienda est.
Can. 57. par. 1. Rescriptorum exsecutor potest alium pro suo prudenti
arbitrio sibi substituere, nisi substitutio prohibita fuerit, aut substituti
persona praefinita.
par. 2. Si tamen fuerit electa industria personae, exsecutori non licet
alteri committere, nisi actus praeparatorios.
Can. 58. Rescripta quaelibet exsecutioni mandari possunt etiam ab
exsecutoris successore in dignitate vel officio, nisi fuerit electa
industria personae.
Can. 59. par. 1. Exsecutori fas est, si quoquo modo in rescriptorum
exsecutione erraverit, iterum eadem exsecutioni mandare.
par. 2. Quod attinet ad taxas pro rescriptorum exsecutione, servetur
praescriptum can. 1507, par. l.
Can. 60. par. 1. Rescriptum, per peculiarem Superioris actum revocatum,
perdurat usque dum revocatio ei, qui illud obtinuit, significetur.
par. 2. Per legem contrariam nulla rescripta revocantur, nisi aliud in ipsa
lege caveatur, aut lex lata sit a Superiore ipsius rescribentis.
Can. 61. Per Apostolicae Sedis aut dioecesis vacationem nullum eiusdem Sedis
Apostolicae aut Ordinarii rescriptum perimitur, nisi aliud ex additis
clausulis appareat, aut
rescriptum contineat potestatem alicui factam concedendi gratiam
peculiaribus personis in eodem expressis, et res adhuc integra sit.
Can. 62. Si rescriptum contineat non simplicem gratiam, sed privilegium vel
dispensationem, serventur insuper praescripta canonum qui sequuntur.
TITULUS V.
De privilegiis.
Can. 63. par. 1. Privilegia acquiri possunt non solum per directam
concessionem competentis auctoritatis et per communicationem, sed etiam per
legitimam
consuetudinem aut praescriptionem.
par. 2. Possessio centenaria vel immemorabilis inducit praesumptionem
concessi privilegii.
Can. 64. Per communicationem privilegiorum, etiam in forma aeque principali,
ea tantum privilegia impertita censentur, quae directe, perpetuo et sine
speciali relatione ad
certum locum aut rem aut personam concessa fuerant primo privilegiario,
habita etiam ratione capacitatis subiecti, cui fit communicatio.
Can. 65. Cum privilegia acquiruntur per communicationem in forma accessoria,
augentur, imminuuntur vel amittuntur ipso facto, si forte augeantur,
imminuantur vel
cessent in principali privilegiario; secus si acquirantur per
communicationem in forma aeque principali.
Can. 66. par. 1. Facultates habituales quae conceduntur vel in perpetuum vel
ad praefinitum tempus aut certum numerum casuum, accensentur privilegiis
praeter ius.
par. 2. Nisi in earum concessione electa fuerit industria personae aut aliud
expresse cautum sit, facultates habituales, Episcopo aliisve de quibus in
can. 198, par. 1 ab
Apostolica Sede concessae, non evanescunt, resoluto iure Ordinarii cui
concessae sunt, etiamsi ipse eas exsequi coeperit, sed transeunt ad
Ordinarios qui ipsi in regimine
succedunt; item concessae Episcopo competunt quoque Vicario Generali.
par. 3. Concessa facultas secumfert alias quoque potestates quae ad illius
usum sunt necessariae; quare in facultate dispensandi includitur etiam
potestas absolvendi a
poenis ecclesiasticis, si quae forte obstent, sed ad effectum dumtaxat
dispensationis consequendae.
Can. 67. Privilegium ex ipsius tenore aestimandum est, nec licet illud
extendere aut restringere.
Can. 68. In dubio privilegia interpretanda sunt ad normam can. 50; sed ea
semper adhibenda interpretatio, ut privilegio aucti aliquam ex indulgentia
concedentis videantur
gratiam consecuti.
Can. 69. Nemo cogitur uti privilegio in sui dumtaxat favorem concesso, nisi
alio ex capite exsurgat obligatio.
Can. 70. Privilegium, nisi aliud constet, censendum est perpetuum.
Can. 71. Per legem generalem revocantur privilegia in hoc Codice contenta;
ad cetera quod attinet, servetur praescriptum can. 60.
Can. 72. par. 1. Privilegia cessant per renuntiationem a competenti
Superiore acceptatam.
par. 2. Privilegio in sui tantum favorem constituto quaevis persona privata
renuntiare potest.
par. 3. Concesso alicui communitati, dignitati locove renuntiare privatis
personis non licet.
par. 4. Nec ipsi communitati seu coetui integrum est renuntiare privilegio
sibi dato per modum legis, vel si renuntiatio cedat in Ecclesiae aliorumve
praeiudicium.
Can. 73. Resoluto iure concedentis, privilegia non exstinguuntur, nisi data
fuerint cum clausula: ad beneplacitum nostrum, vel alia aequipollenti.
Can. 74. Privilegium personale personam sequitur et cum ipsa exstinguitur.
Can. 75. Privilegia realia cessant per absolutum rei vel loci interitum;
privilegia vero localia, si locus intra quadraginta annos restituatur,
reviviscunt.
Can. 76. Per non usum vel per usum contrarium privilegia aliis haud onerosa
non cessant; quae vero in aliorum gravamen cedunt, amittuntur, si accedat
legitima
praescriptio vel tacita renuntiatio.
Can. 77. Cessat quoque privilegium, si temporis progressu rerum adiuncta
sic, iudicio Superioris, immutentur ut noxium evaserit, aut eius usus
illicitus fiat; item elapso
tempore vel expleto numero casuum pro quibus privilegium fuit concessum,
firmo praescripto can. 207, par. 2.
Can. 78. Qui abutitur potestate sibi ex privilegio permissa, privilegio ipso
privari meretur; et Ordinarius Sanctam Sedem monere ne omittat, si quis
privilegio ab eadem
concesso graviter abutatur.
Can. 79. Quamvis privilegia, oretenus a Sancta Sede obtenta, ipsi petenti in
foro conscientiae suffragentur, nemo tamen potest cuiusvis privilegii usum
adversus
quemquam in foro externo vindicare, nisi privilegium ipsum sibi concessum
esse legitime evincat.
TITULUS VI.
De dispensationibus.
Can. 80. Dispensatio, seu legis in casu speciali relaxatio, concedi potest a
conditore legis, ab eius successore vel Superiore, nec non ab illo cui iidem
facultatem
dispensandi concesserint.
Can. 81. A generalibus Ecclesiae legibus Ordinarii infra Romanum Pontificem
dispensare nequeunt, ne in casu quidem peculiari, nisi haec potestas eisdem
fuerit explicite
vel implicite concessa, aut nisi difficilis sit recursus ad Sanctam Sedem et
simul in mora sit periculum gravis damni, et de dispensatione agatur quae a
Sede Apostolica
concedi solet.
Can. 82. Episcopi aliique locorum Ordinarii dispensare valent in legibus
dioecesanis, et in legibus Concilii provincialis ac plenarii ad normam can.
291, par. 2, non vero in
legibus quas speciatim tulerit Romanus Pontifex pro illo peculiari
territorio, nisi ad normam can. 81.
Can. 83. Parochi nec a lege generali nec a lege peculiari dispensare valent,
nisi haec potestas expresse eisdem concessa sit.
Can. 84. par. 1. A lege ecclesiastica ne dispensetur sine iusta et
rationabili causa, habita ratione gravitatis legis a qua dispensatur; alias
dispensatio ab inferiore data
illicita et invalida est.
par. 2. Dispensatio in dubio de sufficientia causae licite petitur et potest
licite et valide concedi.
Can. 85. Strictae subest interpretationi non solum dispensatio ad normam
can. 50, sed ipsamet facultas dispensandi ad certum casum concessa.
Can. 86. Dispensatio quae tractum habet successivum, cessat iisdem modis
quibus privilegium, nec non certa ac totali cessatione causae motivae.
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