civitatis
est vocaturque ius civile, quasi ius proprium ipsius civitatis: quod vero
naturalis ratio inter omnes homines constituit, id apud omnes peraeque
custoditur vocaturque ius gentium, quasi quo iure omnes gentes utuntur.
Dig.1.1.10pr. Ulpianus 1 reg. Iustitia est constans et perpetua voluntas ius suum cuique tribuendi (Justice is the constant and perpetual will of giving everyone their Ius).
Dig.1.1.10.1 Ulpianus 1 reg. Iuris praecepta sunt haec: honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere (The commands of law are these: to live honestly, to not injure <the rights> of others, and to give to each person his <Ius>).
Dig.1.1.10.2 Ulpianus 1 reg. Iuris prudentia est divinarum atque humanarum rerum notitia, iusti atque iniusti scientia. (Jurisprudence is the understanding of divine and human affairs, and the the skill of recognizing justice and injustice).
Dig.1.1.11 Paulus 14 ad sab. Ius pluribus modis dicitur: uno modo, cum id quod semper aequum ac bonum est ius dicitur, ut est ius naturale. altero modo, quod omnibus aut pluribus in quaque civitate utile est, ut est ius civile . . . Alia significatione ius dicitur locus in quo ius redditur, appellatione collata ab eo quod fit in eo ubi fit. Quem locum determinare hoc modo possumus: ubicumque praetor salva maiestate imperii sui salvoque more maiorum ius dicere constituit, is locus recte ius appellatur (The term "ius" can be used in several ways. In one way "ius" means what is always equitable and good, ut "Ius naturale". In another way what is in the interest of all or of many in a state (civitas), such as the "Ius civile" . . . Yet another meaning of "ius" is to describe the place in which "ius" is vindicated, the name having been given by him who renders "ius" on the place where he does it. We can know where that place is by wherever the praetor decides to exercise his jurisdiction, preserving the majesty of his authority and respecting the "mos" of our ancestors. That place is correctly called "ius.")