1469: Marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile 1494: Charles VIII of France invades Italy and captures Naples 1499-1500: Louis XII of France captures Milan 1504: Ferdinand of Aragon reconquers Naples |
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1513: France withdraws from Milan 1519: Charles V becomes Holy Roman Emperor 1525: Battle of Pavia, Francis I, king of France captured by Charles V 1527: Sack of Roman by Charles V's Lutheran mercenaries |
| Emperors Maximilian I (1459-1519) Charles V (1519-1558) Kings of Spain Isabella of Castile (1474-1504) Ferdinand of Aragon (1479-1516) Charles V (1515-1558) |
Kings of France Charles VIII (1483-1498) Louis XII (1498-1515) Francis I (1515-1547) Ottoman Sultans Bayazid II (1481-1512) Selim I (1512-1520) Suleiman I (II) (1520-1566)
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Popes Alexander VI (Borgia) 1492-1503 Pius III 1503 Julius II (della Rovere) 1503-1513 Leo X (Medici) 1513-1521 Hadrian VI 1522-1523 Clement VII (Medici) 1523-1534 |