Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Concordia 1337-1339 Sala della Pace, Palazzo Publico, Siena

Gratian and Ius commune C.21 q.1 dictum post c.4: Potest etiam utrique tamquam titulato presse set iure speciali non communi (A cleric can minister two churches but only with a special right not on the basis of a universal right). Only in the Vulgate Recension A very early gloss clarified Gratian’s dictum by explaining: Idest specialis priuilegii datum papa, quia aliter non posset nisi papa dispensaret, quia de iure communi non posset (that is with a special privilege given by the pope, because otherwise he could not, unless the pope would have dispensed, because he could not be dispensed from an universal right).  Heiligenkreuz, Siftsbibliothek 44, fol. 178rb.