Pope Boniface VIII, Marble Statute ca. 1300

Anagni, Palazzo di Bonafacio VIII

Quod omnes tangit ab omnibus approbari debet = What touches all must be approved by all

Liber Sextus of Pope Boniface VIII (1294-1303) 5.12.29

Laymen should be invited to councils when matrimony and other matters that touch their interests are discussed.

Pennington, ARepresentation in Medieval Canon Law,@ The Jurist 64 (2004) 361-383 and in Repaesentatio: Mapping a Key Word for Churches and Governance: Proceedings of the Sam Miniato International Workshop, October 13-16, 2004, ed. Alberto Melloni and Massimo Faggioli (Munster-Hamberg-Berlin-Wien-London: LIT, 2006) 21-40