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The Thirteenth-Century Papal Monarchy Under Pope Innocent III |
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The Thirteenth-Century Papal Monarchy Under Pope Innocent III |
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The Power of the Papacy: Innocent III (1198-1216)
1. Centralization of the Church
Papal Registers, Chancellery, and Roman Curia
| "I am placed between God and man, lower than God but higher than man, the judge of all men who can be judged by none." Sermon on his consecration as pope, 1198 | "The pope has this authority because he does not exercise the office of man, but of the true God on earth." Letter to German Bishops (1198) |
2. Establishment of Papal States (The Pope as Prince)
Innocent's Building Program in Rome Papal Monarchy
3. Crusades
| Fourth Crusade, 1204 |
| Albigensian
Crusade, 1209
Inquisition |
| Fifth Crusade called by Innocent at the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) |
4. Church and State: Empire and Kingdoms
| Pope chooses emperor (Venerabilem) |
| Pope regulates royal marriages |
| Pope judges in disputes between kings (Novit) |
| Pope becomes the feudal lord over kings and they become his vassals (Sicily, England, Hungary) |
| Pope quashes Magna Carta (Etsi Karissimus) |
5. Reform of the Church (Fourth Lateran Council) Canons of the Fourth Lateran Council
6. Innocent III and the Franciscans and Dominicans
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Innocent III and Saint Francis of Assisi (ca. 1182-1226) Waldes of Lyon († ca. 1205) (Waldensians) |
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| Saint
Dominic (1171-1221) Preaches to the Albigensians in Southern France (1206-1208) |
Saint Francis Finds His Vocation Saint Francis Preaches to the Birds |
| Pope Honorius III's Confirmation of the Franciscan Rule Latin Text | Thomas Celano's Life of St Francis |
