| Topic 6: The Church in the Twelfth Century and the Rise of the Papacy |
The Twelfth Century Renaissance |
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| Topic 6: The Church in the Twelfth Century and the Rise of the Papacy |
The Twelfth Century Renaissance |
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Churchmen lead Europe into a
Renaissance of Learning
| Cathedral Schools: Paris, Laon, and Chartres Monastic Schools |
The Decline of Monasteries and Monastic Schools Trivium: Grammar, Rhetoric, Dialectic Quadrivium: Arithmetic, Music, Geometry, Astronomy Beginnings of the Universities: Bologna (Law) and Paris (Theology) Scriptoria (Scriptorium) |
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| Bologna and the Birth of Modern Law and the First University in Europe (Universitas) |
A key element of the intellectual revival in Philosophy, Medicine, and Mathematics: The influence of Arabic culture and learning on Western Europe. Gerard of Cremona (1114-1187) in Córdoba and Archbishop Raymond of Toledo (1126-1152): Aristotle's Logical Treatises, Works of Mathematics, and Medicine and Ptolemy of Alexandria's Almagest (83-168 A.D.) is the Latin form of the Arabic name (الكتاب المجسطي, al-kitabu-l-mijisti, i.e. "The Great Book") Ibn Rushd (Averroës) 1126-1198 Maimonides 1135-1204 Paris: Peter Lombard, Sentences
International Education: Textbooks and Language Vernacular Literature: Arthurian Legends and Poetry |
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Gratian (†
1140)
Doctor utriusque iuris |
Pepo (ca. 1075) Irnerius († 1125)
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| St. Denis, royal abbey, the birthplace of Gothic Architecture | The Spread of Universities in Europe 1100 to 1400 | |
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The Greatest Teacher of the Twelfth Century |
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| Peter Abelard, Historia calamitatum (History of My Misfortunes) | William of Champeaux
(ca. 1070-1122) Anselm of Laon († 1117) |
| Abelard's Sic et Non | Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (ca. 1090-1153) |
| Abelard and Heloise. Canon Fulbert of Paris; Heloise, Fulbert's niece | Abelard died 1142 at the Abbey of Cluny |
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Sculpture from the tomb of Johannes of Legnano, a professor of law at Bologna (died 1383) showing law students listening to Johannes lecture in a classroom at the University of Bologna. |
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Twelfth Century Papacy |
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Fresco of Pope Innocent III in the Monastery of Sacro Speco in Subiaco ca. 1300 |
Pope Innocent III |
